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Biomedical subjects

L Rice

Publications and source records attributed to L Rice.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Coming out, being out, and acts of virtue.

We examine three philosophical models for (gay) self-identity: utilitarianism (exemplified by Eichberg), deontologism (Mohr), and individualism (Spinoza). The first two, we argue, overlook the personal and multi-faceted nature of social relations. We argue that the framework of methodological individualism is better suited to deal with the issues of self-identity as they affect questions of whether, when, and how to come out, and being out. This framework suggests that there is no moral principle which could apply universally in regard to being out and that there are common situations in which it is not morally appropriate to come out or to be out at all.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Use of oral tolerance tests to investigate disaccharide digestion in neonatal foals.

Oral tolerance tests were performed on 13 neonatal foals to determine their ability to digest disaccharides on d 1, 3 and 5 postpartum. Foals were assigned randomly to treatments consisting of 20% (wt/vol) solutions of either maltose, lactose, or sucrose, dosed at 1 g/kg of BW, or glucose, dosed at .5 g/kg of BW. After a 2-h fast, an initial blood sample was collected via jugular catheter. Foals were administered the appropriate solution orally, and blood was collected every 15 min for 1 h and then every 30 min for 3 h. Plasma glucose increased after dosing with lactose or glucose but not with sucrose. Plasma glucose concentrations increased slightly on d 3 and 5 in foals dosed with maltose. These findings suggest that although lactose is well digested by neonatal foals, maltose is digested only slightly, and sucrose is not digested by d 5. Results of this experiment indicate that maltose and sucrose would not be suitable for inclusion in artificial diets for foals less than 1 wk old. Oral tolerance tests could be useful for determining the ability of premature or sick foals with lactose intolerance to digest alternate carbohydrate sources.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

Postoperative infusional continuous regional analgesia. A technique for relief of postoperative pain following major extremity surgery.

A new technique using postoperative infusional continuous regional analgesia (PICRA) for postoperative pain relief was investigated in 23 surgical patients treated by amputation (12 patients) or by limb-salvage resection operations (11 patients). Bupivacaine was delivered into peripheral nerve sheaths via catheters placed therein at the time of surgery. Only patients in whom the nerves were easily accessible were treated. Catheters were placed in the axillary sheath, the lumbosacral trunk, and the femoral nerve sheaths of patients treated with shoulder girdle and pelvic procedures (resections and amputations), and within the sciatic nerve sheath of those treated with lower extremity procedures. The anesthetic agent was delivered at controllable rates. Regional analgesia was obtained in the operative site with minimal motor or sensory decrease. To assess the efficacy of this technique, the results of this study group were compared with those of a matched group of 11 patients treated with similar surgical procedures but who received epidural morphine. Eleven of the 23 patients on PICRA required no supplemental narcotic agents. The mean level of the narcotic agents required by the remaining 13 PICRA patients was approximately one third of that required by the matched group of 11 patients receiving epidural morphine. Overall, the patients on PICRA had an 80% reduction of narcotic requirements when compared to the historical controls. The technique is reliable and can be performed by the surgeon, requiring about a ten-minute increase in operating time. It has potentially wide application in orthopedics in procedures in which the major nerves are easily accessible (e.g., pelvic fractures and revision hip surgery) and for patients with intractable pain of the extremities.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

Trichinosis in a dog.

Trichinella spiralis infection was identified by direct fecal examination as the cause of gastrointestinal disease in a dog. The source of infection was believed to be a woodchuck. Management included supportive care and benzimidazole treatment. Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and myalgia are the main signs of trichinosis, but routine fecal examination seldom reveals T spiralis in natural infections. Mebendazole is the recommended anthelmintic and should be used to eliminate intestinal larvae and prevent muscle invasion. Although the prevalence of trichinosis is decreasing in swine, wild mammals may still be a potential source for dogs and cats. Nevertheless, because of the nonspecific clinical signs of trichinosis, many cases probably go undiagnosed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Do health care needs of indigent Mexican-American, black, and white adolescents differ?

Few studies have addressed the specific health care needs of Mexican-American adolescents. This 2-year study assessed the routine health care needs and incidence of chronic illness among 279 Mexican-American, 233 white, and 333 black indigent adolescents enrolled in a vocational training program. Mexican-Americans were more likely to have a positive purified protein derivative tuberculin test and acne/eczema requiring treatment. Blacks were more likely to have incomplete immunizations and thyroid disorders, while whites were more likely to have musculoskeletal conditions and require family planning services and psychiatric intervention for mental health disorders. Although no difference in incidence of chronic illness was noted, our data suggests that routine health care needs may differ among indigent Mexican-American, white, and black adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of tissue iron overload by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

PURPOSE: The ability of stored intracellular iron to enhance magnetic susceptibility forms the basis by which tissue iron can be detected by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. We used this technique to assess myocardial, spleen, and liver iron content in patients with known or suspected iron overload disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Spin echo NMR images were obtained in 30 patients; 20 had chronic anemias treated by multiple blood transfusions, five had idiopathic hemochromatosis, and five had non-hemochromatotic liver disease with elevated serum ferritin levels and no stainable iron on liver biopsy. The acquisition of oblique images through the short axis of the left ventricle permitted assessment of left ventricular function, while demonstrating the liver and spleen on the same image. Iron content was assessed using a signal intensity ratio of organ (spleen, liver, or myocardium) to skeletal muscle. RESULTS: In patients with multiple blood transfusions, iron content was highest in liver, followed by the spleen. Significant iron overload was detected in the myocardium of only one patient. Left ventricular systolic wall thickening was normal in patients receiving multiple blood transfusions. Two patients with treated idiopathic hemochromatosis had normal signal intensity ratios, and three untreated patients had evidence of significant deposits of iron in the liver and spleen as indicated by a reduction in signal intensity ratios (0.2 +/- 0.01 and 0.9 +/- 0.01, respectively). Five patients with non-hemochromatotic liver disease and high serum ferritin levels had normal signal intensity ratios by NMR imaging. CONCLUSION: NMR imaging is a useful method of detecting tissue iron and distinguishing disease due to iron overload. Myocardial iron deposition is a late event, occurring after accumulation of iron in the spleen and liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

An evaluation of three anaesthetic regimes in the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica).

The effect of several anaesthetic agents on the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) was investigated. Pentobarbitone sodium at a dose of 50 mg/kg sedated the animals but did not produce analgesia or anaesthesia. A combination of ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine at 40 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively, sedated the animals, but anaesthetic levels were not attained. Halothane was most effective in producing anaesthesia in Monodelphis domestica. Hypothermia was a major side effect with all three anaesthetic regimes.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocyte surface ferritin in malignant and inflammatory diseases.

We developed a lymphocyte ferritin antibody-binding test (LFABT) to measure lymphocyte surface ferritin (LSF) and used it in cases of malignant and other diseases associated with elevated serum ferritin. LSF was elevated in 33 of 83 patients with a variety of malignant neoplasms in all stages of disease. LSF was also elevated in 2 of 5 patients with infectious mononucleosis, but was normal in all 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, bacterial infections and hemochromatosis. LSF and serum ferritin levels do not correlate. These findings suggest the usefulness of LFABT as a diagnostic tool and demonstrate the biologic significance of LSF.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1988

Ringed sideroblasts in primary myelodysplasia. Leukemic propensity and prognostic factors.

Among 123 patients with ringed sideroblasts on bone marrow aspirates, 85 had acquired ringed sideroblasts with primary myelodysplasia. The patients were placed in categories modified from the French-American-British classification based on percentages of ringed sideroblasts and myeloblasts in the initial bone marrow. Overall, 48% (41/85) of patients with myelodysplasia developed acute leukemia. Primary acquired sideroblastic anemia was the most favorable category with longer survival and 13.8% (4/29) leukemic conversions. Variables correlating with leukemic transformation included male sex, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and pseudo-Pelger-Huët neutrophils. Only two variables had independent predictive value by multivariate regression analysis: a high percentage of myeloblasts and a low percentage of ringed sideroblasts. Numerous ringed sideroblasts strongly predicts a more favorable course in myelodysplastic patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Manifestations of sepsis.

The clinical manifestations of sepsis may be flagrant or subtle. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of sepsis allows early recognition and prompt, appropriate management. The clinical presentation, relative frequency, and current pathophysiologic understanding of the manifestations of sepsis are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the cardiopulmonary manifestations, which are examined in a temporal sequence of preshock, early shock, and late shock states. While therapy for the underlying infection (such as antibiotics and drainage of abscesses) is often sufficient, therapy for the specific manifestations of sepsis may also be necessary. Guidelines for therapy for these manifestations of sepsis are given.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1985

Plasma cell dyscrasia with marrow fibrosis. Clinicopathologic syndrome.

Five new cases of plasma cell dyscrasia with coexistent myelofibrosis are described and six previously reported cases are reviewed. Four of the new patients and two from the literature had features of a previously unrecognized syndrome. This syndrome was characterized by significant paraprotein levels, marked marrow fibrosis, and plasmacytosis, without features of extramedullary hematopoiesis (agnogenic myeloid metaplasia) and leukoerythroblastosis. These patients were generally severely anemic and commonly leukopenic and thrombocytopenic. In contrast, one of the new patients and four in the literature showed classic features of the myeloproliferative disease, myelofibrosis with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, along with features of typical multiple myeloma.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Multiple myeloma in a homosexual man with chronic lymphadenopathy.

Kaposi's sarcoma and B-cell lymphomas have been reported to develop in homosexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome (CLS). We treated what we believe is the first documented case of multiple myeloma complicating CLS in a 31-year-old male homosexual. This broadens the spectrum of B-cell neoplasms associated with AIDS and has implications for the pathogenesis of B-cell lymphomas and the evaluation of these high-risk patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Morbidity of sickle cell trait at high altitude.

A Caucasian with sickle cell trait (54% A, 43% S hemoglobin) had symptoms and signs of chronic hemolytic anemia as well as splenic infarction while living at very high altitude (in excess of 2,800 m). Trips from sea level back to high altitude repeatedly precipitated pulmonary infarctions. All symptoms and evidence of hemolysis resolved at low altitude.

Adult↗