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Biomedical subjects

L Qin

Publications and source records attributed to L Qin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Generalized low areal and volumetric bone mineral density in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) may be associated with generalized low bone mineral status. The bone mineral density (BMD) of 75 girls of 12-14 years of age and diagnosed as having AIS were compared with 94 age-matched female control subjects. Areal BMD (aBMD) of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the bilateral proximal femur were measured using-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and volumetric BMD (vBMD) of the nondominant distal radius and bilateral distal tibias was measured with peripheral quantitative computer tomography (pQCT). Relevant anthropometric parameters and the severity of the spinal deformity (Cobb's angle) also were evaluated and correlated with the BMD measurements. Results revealed the presence of a generalized lower bone mineral status in AIS patients. Detailed analysis showed that the aBMD and vBMD measured at the bilateral lower extremities were significantly lower in AIS patients when compared with the same in the normal controls. The most significant effect was seen in the trabecular BMD (tBMD) of the distal tibias. Of all the AIS girls, 38% of the aBMD and 36% of the vBMD were below -1 SD of the normal. BMD was found to correlate better with "years since menarche" (YSM) than with chronological age. When the BMD was evaluated for the 3 YSM groups, aBMD of the proximal femur and tBMD of distal tibias were found to be significantly lower in the AIS patients. Neither the aBMD nor the vBMD of AIS patients was found to be associated with the severity of spinal deformity. In addition, anthropometric measurements showed significantly longer arm span and lower extremities in the AIS girls. We concluded that the AIS girls had generalized lower aBMDs and vBMDs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Differential diagnosis between hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular carcinoma with negative alhpa-fetoprotein.

OBJECTIVE: To study the differential diagnosis between hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with negative alpha-feto protein. METHODS: To analyse retrospectively the clinical and imaging materials of 18 patients with FNH and 254 patients with AFP negative HCC proven by operation and pathology during March 1996 to March 1999 in our institute. RESULTS: Patients with FNH were largely younger (66.7% under 40 years), discovered accidentally (66.7%), and without hepatitis background (83.3%). Majority of them had a normal liver function (72.0%). A big central artery was found in the lesion with high velocity and low resistant index in 71.4% of patients by color Doppler ultrasound. CT scan showed transient immediate enhancement in 85.7% of patients after bolus injection, being homogeneous (53.3%) and isodensity (73.3%) in the portal vein phase. MR imaging demonstrated early vigorous enhancement (83.3%) and homogenous (66.7%) lesion. In contrast, patients with AFP negative HCC were generally older (85.8% over 40 years), with symptoms (74.0%). A color flow with high velocity and high resistant index was found by color Doppler ultrasound. CT scan showed early heterogenous enhancement (96.6%) after bolus injection and being hypodensity in portal vein phase. MR imaging indicated early heterogeneous enhancement (91.7%). CONCLUSION: FNH shows some typical clinical and imaging features. Therefore, it is feasible to be differentiated from HCC with negative AFP in some of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium in throat by nested polymerase chain reaction and analysis of DNA sequencing in pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relation between Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg) and acute upper respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients by using nested polymerase chain reaction(nPCR) and analysis of DNA sequencing techniques. METHODS: The specimens of throat swab were obtained in 62 acute upper respiratory tract infections children and 80 health children. The two kinds of Mg species-specific, in which the sequences of I-III and V-VII variable regions of Mg 16Sr RNA gene were detected by using nPCR technique. DNA sequences of positive product were detected and analysed. RESULTS: The Positive rate of health children is 5% (4/80), while the acute upper respiratory tract infection children is 21% (13/62). The difference is significant (P < 0.001). The DNA sequences of positive product shows that: there are two point mutation(T-->C) in the sequences of V-VII variable regions of throat swab of one pediatric patient, other sequences are same as those Mg type strain(G-37T). CONCLUSIONS: Acute upper respiratory tract infection of pediatric patients have relation with Mg. There are Mg mutant strain in China.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMed2000

A clinical investigation on garlicin injectio for treatment of unstable angina pectoris and its actions on plasma endothelin and blood sugar levels.

To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of garlicin for treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), garlicin injectio was intravenously dripped 60 mg/day in 34 cases for 10 days. Nitroglycerine was used in 21 cases of the control group. The results showed that the total effective rates in improving symptoms and electrocardiogram after garlicin treatment were respectively 82% and 62%, and that the plasma endothelin and blood sugar levels were markedly lowered in cases with hyperglycemia.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and treatment of bile duct tumor thrombus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: Tumor thrombus in the bile duct (BDT) is very rare in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prognosis of the patients with BDT is very poor. To improve the prognosis, HCC patients with BDT were retrospectively reviewed. METHODS: Retrospective study was performed in 16 cases of HCC with BDT found in authors' institute from July 1987 to Oct. 1998. Factors affecting prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS: The occurrence rate of BDT as 0.76% (16/2100). Removal of BDT and HCC was performed in all but one patients. Fourteen patients were followed-up for over 1 year after operation. The 1-year survival and recurrence rate was 71.4% (10/14) and 57.1% (8/14), respectively. Three female patients survived over 4, 6, and 12 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Early detection and diagnosis, surgical removal of primary tumors and BDT are the key points to prolong the survival time of patients.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[Experimental study of analgesic effect of combined Radix Aconiti and Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of analgesic effect of combined Radix Aconiti (RA) and Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae (RST). METHODS: Randomly divide the rabbits and mice into following groups: the blank control group, the positive control group, the RA group, the RST group, the combined RA:RST(1:1) group, the combined RA:RST(1:2) group. Then, using chemical, heat and electrical stimuli, four kinds of pain models were produced, which were to observe the changes of pain threshold of mice before and after using combined RA and RST therapy. RESULTS: Remarkable analgesic effect was obtained in the positive control group and all the groups treated with these two herbs within 3 hours (P < 0.01), and the effect was more obvious in the combined RA-RST groups and the RA group. The analgesic effect of the positive control group, the RST and the RA group weakened gradually 3 hours later, and at the 24th hour, the effect disappeared in the positive control group and the RST group but it is still remarkable in the combined RA-RST group, which has a significant difference from the positive control group and the groups treated with one single herb (RA or RST). CONCLUSION: The analgesic effect of the combined RA-RST is superior to the RA and the RST used alone.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of chuanwu and baishao used separately or in combination on adjuvant arthritis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Chuanwu(Aconitum carmichaeli) and Baishao(Paeonia lactiflora) used separately or in combination on the adjuvant arthritis in rats. METHOD: Chuanwu-Baishao decoctions of different proportions were orally administered to three different rat models with adjuvant arthritis to observe the preventing and curing actions on the primary and secondary adjuvant arthritis in rats. RESULT: The curing action on the primary adjuvant arthritis appeared the same whether the two ingredients were used separately or in combination, while on the secondary adjuvant arthritis the combination, produced significant preventing effect. Chuanwu was proved weaker in action when used alone Chuanwu and Baishao were very efficacious in curing adjuvant arthritics when used in combination other than separately. CONCLUSION: In preventing and curing the secondary adjuvant arthritis in rats Chuanwu and Baishao work better in combination.

Aconitum↗
PubMed2000

[Influence of monkshood root-peony root combination on inflamation-induced agents and free radicals].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the effect of monkshood root and peony root on inflammation-induced agents and free radicals when used separately and in combination. METHOD: Two drugs were made into decoctions separately and in combination, i.p., qd, for 7 d, red blood cell SOD and serum LPO were analysed and the anti-inflammatory actions were observed. RESULTS: In an experimental rat model with inflamed paw edema induced by carrageenin or formaldehyde and in a mouse model with ear swelling induced by xylene, the anti-inflammatory effect appeared stronger when the two drugs were used in combination, especially in comparison with the use of monkshood root alone. The exudation of blood capillaries and the contents of inflammation medium PGE2 were lowered; The activity of SOD extracted from rat or mouse red blood cells was enhanced, and the serum LPO, which was high in level when monkshood root was used alone, could be declined when the two drugs were used in combination. CONCLUSION: The drug combination is more effective in inhibiting inflammation and scavenging free radicals.

Aconitum↗
PubMed1999

Histomorphological study on pattern of fluid movement in cortical bone in goats.

Streaming potential is considered one of the most important mechanisms to moderate the function of osteoblasts and osteocytes in bone growth, remodeling and fracture repair. The present study was designed to demonstrate the fluid flow pattern in the cortical bone matrix in an animal model using undecalcified histological techniques. Immediately after injection of ferritin into the tibia nutrient artery of four adult goats, the animals were euthanized. Undecalcified transverse and longitudinal blocks of cortical bone obtained from the tibial diaphysis were immersed in Perl's reagent and embedded in methyl methacrylate. Sections were cut and ground to 30-50 microm thickness for histomorphological evaluation at different magnifications and focusing levels. A serial grinding technique was used to validate the observations made at different focusing levels. As expected, ferritin was observed in the interstitial compartment in both transverse and longitudinal sections. In osteons sectioned transversely, the pattern of centrifugal movement of ferritin marker was demonstrated as single or multiple halos around the Haversian canal. The most apparent halo in osteons with multiple halos was the one found closest to the Haversian canal. The total number of identifiable single or multiple halos increased or was altered when counting was made with higher magnification or at different focusing levels, respectively. Irregular and incomplete ferritin halos indicated structural complexity of the osteons. Overall, the pattern of ferritin movement was consistent with bulk interstitial fluid flow influenced by both hydrostatic pressure and transudation. This study demonstrated for the first time multiple concentric halos of the fluid flow marker ferritin around Haversian canals in the cortical interstitial compartment. The results suggest that the undecalcified technique might be a useful method for qualitative and quantitative studies on cortical fluid flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Preliminary study on the relationship between osteoporosis and trace elements with rat models.

Thirty rats were divided randomly into five groups and fed with different feeds. They were killed after 2 mo. Right thighs of these rats were taken as samples. Bone mineral densities of these samples were measured by the double-energy x-ray bone mineral densitometer, and trace elements contents of the samples were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. Results of the experiments showed that some elements were well correlated with others, and there were obvious variances between some elements of the normal group and those of other four groups.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

Measurement of serum circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and its clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma: preliminary report.

Serum circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1) was measured in 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mean cICAM-1 level in the 50 patients was 2220 ng/ml and 43 patients (86%) had a high level of cICAM-1 - more than 1000 ng/ml. Comparative analysis of cICAM-1 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in the HCC patients showed that serum AFP level was negative (<20 ng/ml) in five patients or "questionable positive" (20-90 ng/ml) in ten patients, while the levels of cICAM-1 in these patients were 1810 and 1710 ng/ml, respectively. Seven patients who underwent hepatectomy had tumor recurrences during a follow-up period of 6-18 months. Their serum AFP levels were lower than 200 ng/ml (mean value, 27 ng/ml), but their mean cICAM-1 level was 1956 ng/ml at the time tumor recurrence was diagnosed. We suggest that the measurement of serum cICAM-1 is not only useful for prediction of the progression and prognosis of HCC, but that it may also be an important marker for the early diagnosis of the disease, and for monitoring postoperative recurrence, particularly in patients with low levels of serum AFP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Liposome-mediated gene transfer in rat lung transplantation: A comparison between the in vivo and ex vivo approaches.

OBJECTIVE: We compared the efficacy of in vivo and ex vivo liposome transfection in rat lung transplantation. METHODS: (1) Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase group: Fischer rats underwent isogeneic transplantation (n = 4 per group). Recipients were put to death on postoperative day 2 for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity. Ex vivo setting: Grafts received cDNA complexed or not with liposomes and were transplanted after 1.5 or 10 hours at 10 degreesC. In vivo setting: Donors were intravenously injected with cDNA complexed or not with liposomes. Lungs were harvested after 1.5 or 10 hours, preserved at 10 degreesC, and transplanted. (2) Transforming growth factor-beta1 group: Brown-Norway rats served as donors and Fischer rats as recipients. All grafts were preserved for 3 hours at 10 degreesC. On postoperative day 5, arterial oxygenation and histologic rejection scores were assessed. Ex vivo setting: Grafts received transforming growth factor-beta1 sense (n = 8) or antisense (n = 7) complexed with liposomes or cDNA alone (n = 5). In vivo setting: Donors were intravenously injected with liposome:transforming growth factor-beta1 sense cDNA (n = 7). Exposure time was 3 hours. RESULTS: (1) Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase-transfection was superior in the ex vivo group but was not statistically different for longer exposure times. (2) Transforming growth factor-beta1-arterial oxygenation was superior in the ex vivo liposome:sense group. cDNA alone was inefficient. Rejection scores were not statistically different between ex vivo and in vivo liposome:sense groups but were better when the ex vivo liposome:sense group was compared with the cDNA alone or the antisense groups. CONCLUSIONS: (1) With current liposome technology, the ex vivo route is superior to the in vivo approach; (2) cDNA alone does not provide transgene expression at levels to produce a functional effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Left and right ventricular collagen type I/III ratios and remodeling post-myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Types I and III collagen have different physical properties, and an increase of type I/III ratio can have a deleterious impact on myocardial compliance and left and right ventricular diastolic function. Post-myocardial infarction, these changes in collagen types may be relevant to the remodeling process and the development of heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the rat coronary ligation heart failure model, we studied the time course of changes in types I and III and total collagen levels over 10 weeks postinfarction. Collagen types were separately quantified in the left (LV) and right ventricles (RV) by computerized morphometry and standard immunohistochemistry techniques, and also by hydroxyproline analysis, and these were correlated with hemodynamic changes. Compared with sham-operated rats, total collagen level increased 2.5- to 2.9-fold and 1.7- to 2.9-fold in the noninfarcted areas (NIAs) of the LV and RV, respectively, over the 10-week period and showed a good relation with changes in hydroxyproline content (r2 = 0.62; P < .0001). In the NIAs of both the LV and RV, type III collagen level showed a transient twofold increase at 2 weeks, which declined to normal at 4 weeks. Type I collagen level increased twofold at 4 weeks in the NIA of the LV and remained elevated at 10 weeks. In the RV, type I collagen level increased 2.7-fold to a peak at 4 weeks and declined gradually to 1.7 times baseline at 10 weeks. The patterns of change in type I collagen level in the RV correlated with the changes in LV end-diastolic pressure (r = 0.73; P < .0001) and RV weight to body weight ratio (r = 0.73; P < .0001). CONCLUSION: There is a relative greater increase of type I collagen level in the NIA and RV postinfarction, and this may lead to left and right ventricular dysfunction. Separate mechanisms might be involved in the induction of the different types of collagen deposition, with type I collagen levels apparently closely correlating with hemodynamic stress.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

Histidine kinases: diversity of domain organization.

Histidine kinases play a major role in signal transduction in prokaryotes for the cellular adaptation to environmental conditions and stresses. Recent progress in the three-dimensional structure determination of two representative members of histidine kinases, EnvZ (class I) and CheA (class II), has revealed common structural features, as well as a kinase catalytic motif topologically similar to those of the ATP-binding domains of a few ATPases. They have also disclosed that there are significant differences in domain organization between class I and II histidine kinases, possibly reflecting their distinct locations, functions and regulatory mechanisms. In spite of this diversity, both class I and II histidine kinases use similar four-helix bundle motifs to relay phosphoryl groups from ATP to regulatory domains of response regulators. The previously known so-called transmitter domain of histidine kinase is further dissected into two domains: a CA (Catalytic ATP-binding) domain and a DHp (Dimerization Histidine phosphotransfer) domain for class I, or a CA domain and an HPt (Histidine-containing Phosphotransfer) domain for class II histidine kinases. From a comparative analysis of the CA domains of EnvZ, CheA and their ATPase homologues, the core elements of the CA domain have been derived. The apparent resemblance between DHp and HPt domains is only superficial, and significant differences between them are discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1999

Enlargement of remaining patella after partial patellectomy in rabbits.

PURPOSE: The purpose was to study the radiographic patellar tendon calcification and evaluate the histology of the healing interface between the patellar tendon and the remaining patella after partial patellectomy. METHODS: We removed the distal one-third of the patella in 24 rabbits. Specimens were harvested at 8, 12, and 24 wk postoperatively (N = 8 each). RESULTS: Histological observation demonstrated that healing interfaces between the patellar tendon and patella were structurally connected by scar tissue. The radiographic patellar tendon calcification next to the healing interface was in fact trabecular bone outgrowth histologically, resulting in an enlargement of the remaining patellar in length from 0.93+/-0.28 mm at week 8, 1.26+/-0.33 mm at week 12, to 2.5+/-1.12 mm at week 24. Metaplasia of the scar tissue observed next to the healing interface of the remaining patellar articular cartilage and the outgrowth of trabecular bone from the remaining patella with healing over time may increase the articular surface of the remaining patella after partial patellectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The remaining patella might be enlarged in length after partial patellectomy because of trabecular bone outgrowth and metaplasia with healing over time. Its theoretical advantages are an increased patellofemoral contact area and a diminished patellofemoral contact pressure following surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Surveillance of risk factors from imported cases of falciparum malaria in Sichuan, China.

With a sharp increase of the number of imported cases of falciparum malaria, the potential risk of the reemergent transmission of this kind of malaria is approaching imminently in Sichuan Province, China, where falciparum malaria had completely been eliminated by the 1960s. It has been of concern whether the epidemic would appear again, because there still exist malaria vectors and vulnerable populations in Sichuan. By undertaking surveillance on 31 cases returning from the endemic areas with falciparum malaria, and on their family members and neighbors, we have not found out any introduced case of falciparum malaria who was contracted from the imported ones. The vector monitoring results suggested that the use of insecticide-impregnated bednets interfered with malaria vectorial capacity and expectation of infective life. The epidemiological characteristics of the imported cases and reasons why no consequent malaria case was detected were analysed at dynastic level in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Effects of protocol HX-97 on mobilization, collection and hematopoietic reconstitution of peripheral blood stem cells transplantation].

In order to enhance the effects of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization, collection and hematopoietic reconstitution, we observed and evaluated the effects of Protocol HX-97 on 22 patients who received allogeneic or autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplants from April 1997 to June 1999. rhG-CSF was used for mobilization at a dose of 300 micrograms/day for 6 days; the sixth dose was given an hour and a half before leukapheresis. High dose chemotherapy and rhG-CSF were given for autologous peripheral blood stem cell mobilization; the chemotherapy should be intensive enough to reduce the patients' peripheral WBC to less than 1.0 x 10(9)/L, and the beginning of using rhG-CSF should be just at the time of WBC's rising from the nadir. rhGM-CSF and rhG-CSF were given sequentially for hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation. The results showed that leukaphereses were successfully performed for peripheral blood stem cell collection. Sixteen cases needed apheresis only once, and 6 cases needed it twice. The harvests were 2.5-10.7 x 10(8)/kg MNC, 2.5-20.0 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells (including 1.8-7.5 x 10(6)/kg CD34+CD33-, 0.7-12.5 x 10(6)/kg CD34+CD33+), and 3.5-6.3 x 10(5)/kg CFU-GM. Hematopoietic function recovered to > 0.5 x 10(9)/L of neutrophil count in allo-PBSCT at 14-20 days and in auto-PBSCT at 12-20 days, and to > 20 x 10(9)/L of platelet count in allo-PBSCT and in auto-PBSCT at 16-34 days and 16-28 days, respectively. At day +30 post-transplantation, chromosome analysis and DNA finger print assessment of bone marrow cells indicated that the patients' hematopoietic function had been reconstituted. This study suggests that Protocol HX-97 is an effective approach to mobilization of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and it is relatively cost-effective.

Adult↗