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Biomedical subjects

L Peterson

Publications and source records attributed to L Peterson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Coping by children undergoing stressful medical procedures: some conceptual, methodological, and therapeutic issues.

Because coping is postulated to change across persons, time, and stressors, the study of coping is inherently complex. These complexities are magnified in children's coping because a child's ability to effectively appraise a stressor and the coping resources that are available is dependent on the child's rapidly shifting developmental level. A small set of recent pediatric psychology studies describes children's active, informative-seeking coping versus avoidant or information-denying coping as an example of current trends in research on children's coping. Review of these studies highlights the need for tighter, more complete conceptualizations and improved methodologies. There are many therapeutic implications of this research, not the least of which is the problem of how (or even if) avoidant children should be prepared for medical procedures.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Family variables and disease management in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Examined the relationship between family functioning and regimen knowledge, medication compliance, and disease activity for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A strong relationship was found across several measures of family functioning and a self-monitoring index of medication compliance. Family functioning was not related to regimen knowledge or disease activity. The implications of these findings for the continued study of chronically ill children are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Special series: coping with medical illness and medical procedures.

This Special Series integrates recent progress in coping processes with the challenges of behavioral medicine. The term coping implies a reaction to stress; this series of articles considers stressors such as chronic disease (hypertension, heart disease, and arthritis), disability and death, and medical procedures (radiation therapy, childbirth, surgery, and invasive diagnostic procedures). Each study has derived a unique set of conclusions, with the common theme that preconceived notions about coping effectiveness should be replaced by empirical exploration.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Angiosarcoma associated with foreign body material. A report of three cases.

The production of tumors through solid-state mechanisms has been demonstrated in experimental animals, but foreign body tumorigenesis has not been proven definitively in man. The authors report three patients with angiosarcoma that occurred in intimate association with foreign material retained for prolonged periods. Although several etiologic factors have been defined in angiosarcoma, foreign bodies generally are not appreciated to have this potential. Review of the literature disclosed six cases of angiosarcoma and 40 cases of sarcomas of other histologic types associated with foreign material, with latency periods of from 4 months to 63 years. Implanted foreign material thus should be considered capable of inducing virtually any form of sarcoma in humans.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Clostridium difficile plasmid isolation as an epidemiologic tool.

A large hospital outbreak of Clostridium difficile diarrhea at the Minneapolis Veterans Administration Medical Center (MVAMC) was studied by plasmid profile typing. Plasmids were obtained from 30 (37%) of 82 clinical isolates from MVAMC patients and 10 (67%) of 15 non-MVAMC isolates. While bacteriophage plus bacteriocin typing and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) plus bacterial agglutination typing proved more universally applicable, plasmid profiles may be useful for tracing isolated epidemic outbreaks, reinfections and relapses caused by plasmid-bearing strains.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed1988

Heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illnesses with atypical lymphocytosis in patients undergoing seroconversions to the human immunodeficiency virus.

The authors present data from four patients with acute heterophil-negative mononucleosis-like illnesses who were initially thought to have primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections but eventually were shown to be seroconverting to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Widespread lymphadenopathy and blood smears indistinguishable from those typically encountered in the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis were present in all cases. There were also varying combinations of fever, sore throat, and malaise, as well as mild abnormalities of hepatic function and elevated cold agglutinins (anti-I). Anti-HIV was detected by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot techniques in all cases, with increasing titers noted in two of three serially studied cases. In one patient, a dual infection with the hepatitis B virus was also documented. Diagnostic possibilities in patients with acute mononucleosis-like illnesses dominated by prominent lymphadenopathy should include primary seroconversions to HIV.

Antibodies, Heterophile↗
PubMed1988

Clinical use of a standard kit-preparation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody 96.5 in the diagnostic imaging of metastatic melanoma.

We studied the efficiency of a standard-kit preparation using 1 mg 111In-labeled 96.5 monoclonal antibody in combination with 19 mg of unlabeled antibody in the diagnostic imaging of 27 patients with documented metastatic melanoma. Twenty-three of 26 patients (88%) demonstrated immunoscintigraphic localization of tumor. Of 104 metastatic sites previously documented by conventional studies, 62 (60%) were identified by immunoscintigraphy. A total of 77 sites demonstrated localization of radiolabeled antibody. Fifty-four (70%) corresponded to known sites of disease; eight sites (10%) were "discovered" by immunoscintigraphy and subsequently confirmed by conventional studies; 15 imaged sites (20%) could not be confirmed by conventional studies. Size and location of metastasis appear to be important features that influence imaging efficiency. Tumor size (greater than or equal to 2 cm v less than 2 cm) appears to be the statistical dominant determinant. The feasibility and potential clinical use of radioimmune imaging of tumors is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of electrical muscle stimulation combined with voluntary contractions after knee ligament surgery.

The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of electrical muscle stimulation combined with voluntary muscle contractions with a program only with voluntary muscle contractions during immobilization in casts after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Twenty-three patients, 7 women and 16 men with a mean age of 28 yr, were randomized into two groups: an experimental group (13 patients) and a control group (10 patients). Post-operatively, the patients were immobilized for 3 wk in a full leg cast with the knee flexed at an angle of 20 degrees to 30 degrees and then in a knee cast for another 3 wk. All patients had a standard program with quadriceps muscle contractions. In addition, the experimental group received electrical stimulation of the quadriceps muscle 4 X 10 min, 3 times.wk-1, at a frequency of 30 Hz. During each stimulation, the patients were requested to contract the quadriceps muscle voluntarily as well. When pre-operative measurements were compared with those at the end of the immobilization period (6 wk after the operation), a significantly larger reduction in the knee extension isometric muscle strength was found for the control group than for the experimental group. In comparisons of the data of the male subjects only, this difference was still seen to be significant. The cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscle measured with computed tomography was significantly less reduced during the immobilization period in the experimental group than in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Lateral instability of the ankle treated by the Evans procedure. A long-term clinical and radiological follow-up.

We have reviewed 42 of 52 consecutive patients at an average of 14 years after a tenodesis based on Evans' operation performed for chronic lateral instability of the ankle. Only 21 patients (50%) had satisfactory long-term functional results, and 12 patients with satisfactory early results had deteriorated after three to six years. Stress radiographs were used to measure anterior talar translation and talar tilt, and a good correlation was found between function and mechanical stability. Talar tilt had been controlled more successfully than anterior translation. Marginal osteophytes were found in most ankles, and were larger and more numerous in those with the greatest instability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cellular processing of murine colony-stimulating factor (Multi-CSF, GM-CSF, G-CSF) receptors by normal hemopoietic cells and cell lines.

The binding, internalization and degradation rates of three different murine colony-stimulating factors (Multi-CSF or interleukin-3, GM-CSF and G-CSF) and their receptor turnover rates were determined for normal bone marrow cells and a number of different cell lines at 37 degrees C. The kinetic parameters were extracted from a curve-fitting analysis of the approach to steady-state of surface-bound and internalized CSFs by methods described by Myers et al. (1987). The primary binding kinetic constants (association and dissociation) for each CSF on different cell types were similar, suggesting a single type of receptor for each CSF. In all cases, CSF binding induced a faster rate of internalization of occupied receptors than unoccupied receptors and resulted in significant accumulation of CSF inside the cell under steady-state conditions. The steady-state constant, determining the relationship between CSF concentration and receptor occupancy, indicated that, in all cases, more receptors were occupied at a given CSF concentration under steady-state conditions than would be under equilibrium conditions. Nevertheless, the data predicted that maximal biological effects of the CSFs were exerted at concentrations that did not result in full receptor occupancy. Comparison of the kinetic constants derived for the same CSF interacting with different types of cells or different CSFs interacting with the same cell type indicated that CSF and receptor processing resulted from a dynamic interplay of receptor-determined and cell-determined events. This resulted in a flexibility of the kinetic parameters that matched the variety of biological responses elicited by CSFs in different cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Patellar instability with recurrent dislocation due to patellofemoral dysplasia. Results after surgical treatment.

Twenty-one patients (25 knees) with recurrent dislocation of the patella due to patellofemoral dysplasia were treated with a combined distal and proximal realignment of the extensor mechanism of the knee. In addition to traditional medial transfer of the tibial tuberosity, lateral release, and medial joint capsule duplication, vastus medialis transposition and deepening of the intercondylar sulcus on the proximal joint surface of the femur were done. A follow-up ranging from 1-14 years (mean 6 years) found the results excellent or good in 22 knees, fair or poor in three. One redislocation occurred after trauma. There were two minor complications which had no effect on the end result. The use of computerized tomography over the patellofemoral joint to assess patellar subluxation and patellofemoral dysplasia is an important part of the diagnostic preoperative evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of the ankle for chronic lateral instability.

One hundred and seventy-six patients (180 ankles) who had chronic lateral instability of the ankle were treated with transection and imbrication of the anterior talofibular ligament. Sixty-eight of the ankles had reconstruction of the calcaneofibular ligament as well. Of the 176 patients, 148 (152 ankles) were available for follow-up, which ranged from two to twelve years (mean, six years). An excellent or good result was achieved in 132 ankles, all of which had improved mechanical stability as measured radiographically. Sixteen of the twenty ankles that had an unsatisfactory result were in patients who had generalized hypermobility of the joints or long-standing local ligamentous insufficiency, or both, or who had had a previous operation. Reconstruction of both ligaments gave a better functional result than when only the anterior talofibular ligament was reconstructed.

Adolescent↗