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Biomedical subjects

L Pawlicki

Publications and source records attributed to L Pawlicki.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Superoxide anion generation, erythrocytes superoxide dismutase activity, and lipid peroxidation during hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in chronic uremic patients.

In 11 chronic uremic patients superoxide anion generation in whole blood, both without and with opsonized zymosan stimulation, was lower than that in 11 healthy controls, while erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) activity and erythrocyte and plasma malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were elevated. During hemoperfusion (HP) and hemodialysis (HD) superoxide anion generation transiently significantly increased. Changes in the erythrocyte SOD-1 activity and plasma and erythrocyte MDA concentrations during HP suggested that this procedure exerted beneficial effects on lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, during HD erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation seemed to be enhanced even further; this phenomenon took place mainly within the dialyzer and a decrease in the erythrocyte SOD-1 activity seemed to be one of the contributing factors. Results of in vitro experiments with cross-incubation of erythrocytes and blood plasma and incubation of whole blood with cuprophan membrane suggest existence of an SOD-1 activator in the uremic blood plasma, which is possibly eliminated during HD.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of verapamil on chemiluminescence of peripheral blood neutrophils during hemodialysis in chronic uremic patients.

Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of resting and opsonized zymosan-activated neutrophils isolated from the peripheral blood was determined in 10 chronic uremic patients during early period of hemodialysis without verapamil or preceded by verapamil injection. Verapamil was found to diminish depression of neutrophil chemiluminescence both at rest and following activation with opsonized zymosan. The drug also diminished transient hemodialysis neutropenia. The results seem to indicate that verapamil may exert beneficial effects on inflammatory reactions induced by hemodialysis in chronic uremics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Moderate systemic hypothermia and cold crystalloid cardioplegia influence on myocardial ischemic and revascularisative injury.

The number of granulocytes, their ability to generate superoxide anion (O2-) and the activities of Cu, Zn--superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in erythrocytes in the blood extracted from the venous sinus and aorta under coronary artery bypass were examined with the use of St. Thomas Hospital cardioplegic solution. Specimens at the peak of ischemia of the right atrium for ultrastructural examination of the endothelial cells of capillary vessels and sarcomers were taken. The blood was obtained during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) before the aorta clamping and immediately after aorta declamping (peak of ischaemia) between 1-3 minute and 10-13 minute of reperfusion. Increase of the number of granulocytes both in the coronary sinus and aortal blood at all examined intervals as well as decrease in the number of ones in sinus compared with aortal blood was noted. The ability to produce superoxide anion radical decreased at the peak of ischemia and during reperfusion. The activity of SOD-1 was lower both after the period of ischemia and reperfusion. The increase in aortal blood activity during reperfusion was characteristic of GSH-Px; the activity was higher in the blood sample from the coronary sinus taken during ischemia and initial reperfusion. With the exception of the initial reperfusion the activity of CAT diminished in all observed cases. MDA concentration did not demonstrate any significant changes with the exception of the initial reperfusion in the aortal blood and later towards the end of reperfusion in the blood from the coronary sinus. Ultrastructural studies indicated overhydration of the cells both in the endothelium and the intercellular space. The obtained data demonstrate that the applied cardioplegic solution protects the myocardium from harmful effects of reactive oxygen species produced as a result of ischemia and reperfusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between left ventricular mass and the resting and post-exercise release of ANP in healthy men.

BACKGROUND: The goal of our study was to assess the impact of left ventricular mass on the resting and post-exercise release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in healthy young men. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 36 young men divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 18 healthy untrained men 20-24 years old (mean 22.1). Group II included 18 healthy men aged 22-27 years (mean 23.4 years) who had been taking regular dynamic and static physical exercise for at least 2 years. Echocardiograms were performed in both groups. The thickness of the posterior wall (PW-d), the thickness of the interventricular septum (IV-d), and the left ventricular end-diastole dimension (DdLV) were measured and used to calculate the left ventricular mass. Subsequently, all the patients underwent an exercise test on a cycloergometer. The workload in both groups was 2 Watts/kg at 60 rpm. The anticipated age-adjusted heart rate values at this workload were 170/min in Group I and 155/min in Group II. Blood samples were collected before the exercise test and 1 minute afterwards. The concentrations of ANP and sodium ions and the hematocrit index were measured. RESULTS: In Group I the mean left ventricular mass was 193.1 +/- 51.8 g; in Group II, 248.1 x 91.91 g, which is a statistically significant difference. The resting ANP concentration in Group I was higher than in Group II (24.44 +/- 12.35 pg/ml vs 21.39 +/- 11.03 pg/ml), but the difference was not statistically significant. After exercise there was a significant increase in ANP concentration in both groups: 53.89 +/- 39.98 pg/ml and 47.50 +/- 26.67 pg/ml respectively. There was no correlation between the ANP concentration before and after exercise and the left ventricular mass in either group. There were also no differences between the two groups in resting hematocrit: 48% in Group I and 49.5% in Group II. A significant increase in hematocrit was observed in both groups after exercise. Exertion induced a significant decrease in the plasma sodium concentration in both groups. The ratio of mean plasma ANP concentration at rest to left ventricular mass, corrected according to hematocrit values, was 6.10 in Group I and 4.25 in Group II; after exercise, 14.06 and 9.72 respectively. The ratio of post-exercise increase in ANP concentration to left ventricular mass was 7.6 in Group I and 5.32 in Group II. The average left ventricular mass in Group II, although 30% greater than in Group I, did not exceed 259 g, which is considered the upper limit of normal. Despite this difference the ANP concentration in Group II was ca. 20% lower than in Group II, without cardiac hypertrophy. In both groups a significant increase in ANP concentration was observed when the subjects were exposed to submaximal workload. In Group II, however, the increase was markedly lower. No correlation was found between left ventricular mass at rest and post-exercise ANP release, nor between left ventricular mass and ANP secretion. By contrast, a tendency towards lower ANP release was found in Group II, despite the markedly larger left ventricular mass. CONCLUSIONS: In the evaluation of risk related to left ventricular hypertrophy, both the mass index and cardiac functional efficiency should be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of morphine and naloxone on oxidative metabolism during experimental renal ischemia and reperfusion.

During experimental renal ischemia and reperfusion in rabbits, morphine as well as naloxone significantly inhibited the increased superoxide anion (O2-) generation by resting and opsonized zymosan-stimulated phagocytes in renal venous blood. Morphine with naloxone in combination inhibited O2- generation to a lesser extent than that observed when these drugs were used separately. Morphine and/or naloxone did not significantly affect erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase activities or malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in venous blood during renal ischemia. During reperfusion there was a tendency to a slight reduction of erythrocyte catalase activity in morphine-treated animals, and to slight diminutions of erythrocyte SOD-1 and GPx activities and erythrocyte MDA concentrations in rabbits treated with naloxone and morphine in combination. These results indicate that opioid receptor agonists and antagonists modify the response of the kidney to acute injury. These effects may have relevance to the pattern of oxidative stress seen in patients with acute ischemic renal failure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of coronary angioplasty on superoxide anion generation and lipid peroxidation. Propriety of pharmacological intervention.

In patients with unstable angina pectoris, subjected (n = 20) or not subjected (n = 12) to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), baseline superoxide anion (O.2-) generation by neutrophils in the coronary sinus blood was significantly higher than that found in the basilic vein blood of control healthy subjects (n = 12). During reperfusion following effective PTCA, neutrophil counts in the coronary sinus blood tended to decrease, an effect accompanied by a significant decrease in the neutrophil O.2- generation and enhancement of blood plasma lipid peroxidation as reflected by increased malonyldialdehyde concentrations.

Adult↗