Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L P Fischer.
The authors present an experimental study of the rabbit femoral prosthesis compatibility : macroscopical aspect, proteoglycan content and metabolism of the acetabular cartilage.
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The authors have performed lumbar venography on 120 occasions in patients with low back pain. In 58 patients in whom the herniated disc was confirmed, the result of venography was positive and the localisation was precise in 67 cases. It is concluded that the method is safe, reliable and allows precision in diagnosis to allow better selection for surgical treatment. The examination is particularly useful in recurrent sciatica, fractures of the lumbar spine, recent or old, and in spinal stenosis. It may be associated with discography when the result is not clear cut.
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An anatomical study has been achieved on 42 upper extremities of adult rabbit's thigh bones. Three types of prostheses have been perfected in order to analyse the reactions of the cartilage and of the subchondral bone when confronted with these implants. The animals were sacrificed at different intervals. The state of the acetabulum surface has been studied according to macroscopic and microscopic criteria. Three methods converge and agree in showing an arthrosis type of reaction with regard to the non operated controlateral articulation.
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Analytical study of the arterial vascularization of bones in man. In practice, all the bones were studied with the exception of the skull. It is an original study using micro-angiography with micropaque. This study is of value in diagnosis of the pathogenesis of certain bone conditions and in traumatologic and orthopaedic therapy. A number of problems remain, in particular venous vascularization, micro-circulation in cartilage or in the sub-chondral zone and, lastly, the dynamic aspects of this type of bony circulation. Further research will be directed towards these fields.
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The authors report the results of a study about the association of acrylic cement with antibiotics. Three cements have been tested: Simplex, CMW, Palacos, with 14 different antibiotics. A series of experiments has been carried out in three phases: a macroscopic study of the polymerisation of the mixture; in vitro bacteriological studies; and mechanical studies (trials of resistance to traction, flexion, shock measuring the modulus of elasticity and hardness). In vivo bacteriological testings have been carried out on 10 patients. It has come out from this study that the polymerisation of cement, usually does not destroy antibiotics which remain active and that the mechanical properties of cement are modified in sundry manners. All additions of tested antibiotics modifie mechanical properties by about 25 p. 100 but some additions seem to be preferable. Improvements must still be made and confirmed by this type of research.
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Study of the arterial vascularization of the coxal bone by microangiographic methods. Nutritive and periosteal blood-vessels come from Iliaca interna and Iliaca externa arteries. The ilium is vascularized by the Ilio-lumbalis artery which is a nutritive blood vessel. A eriosteal vascularization also exists. Ischium and pubis have a periosteal vascularization. Blood vessels are oriented toward the sus-acetabulum area where many anastomoses exist.
Definition and nomenclature of celosomia are based on a historical review which provides a system of classification. Morphology and organogenesis of celosomia were studied on 64 embryonic and foetal bodies. The anatomical study of 6 cases of human celosomia provided a definition of the characteristics of major celosomia, by showing the constant elements of the syndrome (particularly the parietal malformation) and the anomalies frequently found in each of the different types:--anterior (or superior) celosomia;--middle celosomia, including laparoschisis;--posterior (or inferior) celosomia, among which exstrophy of the bladder may be either one of the constant elements of the syndrome, or a limited form of the inferior celosomia;--total celosomia, of which one case was studied for this report, and of which the major forms, the schistosomia, chelinosomia and strophosomia types, seem to constitute forms of transition with other types of monstruosity. With improved knowledge of anatomy and organogenesis the possibilities of treatment have improved over the past few years, but still remain limited in the more monstrous forms of celosomia.
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The authors, using cinematic methods have determined the positions of Instant Rotation Center (IRC) in upper and lower radio-ulnaris joints, in the movement of prosupination : -- At the upper radio ulnaris joint, the IRC divide themselves into 2 zones (I and II), corresponding to the centres of 2 circles of different diameters, each one respectively corresponding to large and small anatomical curves of the head of the radius. -- At the lower radio ulnaris joint, the IRC divide themselves into a third zone (III), situated opposite the head of ulna. The prosupination movement is effectuated around 2 axes delta I - II, and delta II - III : supination around delta I - III, and pronation around delta II - III in a first phase, ten around delta I - II in a second phase. The movement is not impaired if the ligamentum annulare radii is cut, but it is considerably impaired if the ligamentum quadratum is cut.