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L Ojesjö

Publications and source records attributed to L Ojesjö.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Does it make sense to do repeated surveys?--the Lundby Study, 1947-1997.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the Lundby Study and the difficulties in doing repeated surveys. METHOD: Best-estimate consensus diagnoses have been used since 1957 together with DSM-IV and ICD-10 in 1997. RESULTS: The Lundby population consisting of 3563 probands was investigated in 1947, 1957 and 1972. Sufficient information was available for 98-99%. In 1997-2000 a fourth field investigation was carried out. Attrition rate for the interviews was 13% (238/1797). About 36% (1030/2827) had died between 1972 and 1997, but data from registers, case notes and key-informants for the period 1972 and 1997 completed the information for 94% (2659/2827). The population has followed the same pattern of development as many rural populations in Sweden since the 1940s. Multiple sources of information are preferable in longitudinal studies in order to tackle the problem of changing diagnostic systems. CONCLUSION: Low attrition rates over 50 years and reasonable diagnostic uniformity make comparisons over time justifiable.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The recovery from alcohol problems over the life course: the Lundby longitudinal study, Sweden.

The aim of this paper is to 'look behind the statistics' and to study alcohol-related problems over time and to portray the recovery (treated and untreated) from these problems over the life course in a subset of 41 males, defined as DSM-IV alcoholics from the Lundby general population project. The subjects were interviewed with semi-structured interviews by a psychiatrist. There was only minimal attrition. An analysis was made of the distribution of alcohol-related problems among the current alcoholic group compared to the recovered one at follow-up. Due to the limited number of subjects the calculations were mainly descriptive. The dominant problems were medical (64% vs. 25%), mental (45% vs. 17%), family (27% vs. 0%) and work (18% vs. 8%). The overall functioning assessed by the GAF scale implied a change from continuous to transient symptoms and problems in the recovered group. The subjects' attributions of reasons for recovery were social stabilization (84%), treatment (58%), family and peer pressure (58%) and medical complications (33%). It is argued that the qualitative findings might be used to complement the large statistical investigations in order to understand how to link alcohol-related problems and social consequences to the life course studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The course of alcoholism among men in the Lundby Longitudinal Study, Sweden.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the course of alcoholism among men in the Lundby community cohort. METHOD: A subset (N = 41) of initially nonalcoholic male subjects were diagnosed by a psychiatrist as first incidence alcoholics (alcohol abuse and/or dependence) during the period 1957-72, all of whom have been followed through four waves of investigation between 1947 and 1993. RESULTS: The proportion of remission of the entire 41 former alcoholic subjects was 39%. Of the 23 survivors, 52% were remitted. The recovery started at age 30-39 and culminated at age 40-49. CONCLUSIONS: In this 40-year follow-up of former alcoholics, stable remissions were shown to occur at a rate of approximately 40% (50% in survivors). Critical variables were severity and the subjects' age at the time of recovery. The results are tentative because of the small number of individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Mortality in alcoholism among men in the Lundby Community Cohort, Sweden: a forty-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: The Lundby Community Cohort has been studied at multiple points in time for more than four decades. The purpose of the present study was to estimate various aspects of mortality among alcoholic men in the cohort. METHOD: The mortality rate was calculated for a defined subset of 41 originally nonalcoholic men, who were diagnosed as first incidence alcoholics during the period 1957-1972, all of whom were followed-up through four waves of investigation between 1947 and 1993. Certified causes of death were obtained from the Swedish National Bureau of Statistics and complemented with information from relatives and hospital records. RESULTS: Of the 41 men, 18 (44%) had died by 1993; 27% before age 60. The average age at death was 56.6 years, (age range 25-86 years). The mortality risk for the group calculated as odds ratio was estimated to be 5.6. The most common causes of death were diseases of the circulatory system (9/18 or 50%). Accidents and suicides were also significant causes (8/18 or 44%), especially in age groups 20-59. The results were compared with those of an earlier published 15-year follow-up of another sample of alcoholics in the Lundby population. CONCLUSIONS: In accordance with the international literature, the study shows a significant reduction in life expectancy for men with alcohol-related disorders compared with matched controls. The data will be used as a basis for forthcoming qualitative analyses of how individual life courses are correlated with alcoholism and heavy drinking.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prevalence of mental disorders, personality traits and mental complaints in the Lundby Study. A point prevalence study of the 1957 Lundby cohort of 2,612 inhabitants of a geographically defined area who were re-examined in 1972 regardless of domicile.

The Lundby Study is a prospective, psychiatric-epidemiological study of a normal population that has been repeatedly examined over a period of 25 years. Experienced psychiatrists made home visits and collected the basic information through personal examinations adding supplementary data from other relevant sources. The present book contains point prevalence data of mental disorders such as neuroses, psychoses, organic brain syndromes, psychosomatic disorders, psychopathy, mental retardation, alcoholism, mental complaints, and also of various personality traits in a normal population at two points of time, 15 years apart. Together with earlier published incidence studies the present monograph is intended to give as complete a picture as possible of the mental morbidity in a total population. Our most conspicuous finding was the increase over time of the prevalence of neurotic illnesses. Depressive illnesses represented the largest increase. In the male sex the rate of Neurosis trebled from Time 1 to Time 2, although the female preponderance still remained. Psychopathy and Alcoholism, on the other hand, were very markedly male disorders. A description of how the investigations were performed is included and also a list of publications originating from the Lundby Study. This book will be of interest to physicians and psychiatrists interested in epidemiology and also to governmental planners and social scientists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Mental tiredness in the Lundby study: incidence and course over 25 years.

The Lundby study is a prospective, epidemiological survey of mental health in a total population. When evaluating the material of 2550 individuals followed from 1947 to 1972, we found a large group with mental tiredness as the dominating symptom. Next to depression this was the most frequent diagnosis in the population. According to our concept of Tiredness, one third of the women ran a lifetime risk of developing a first-ever episode of Tiredness, while the risk for men was one fifth. The incidence of Tiredness is described together with the total frequency of episodes. The course of mental illness starting with a first episode of Tiredness within the 25-year investigation period shows that about one third of the men and half of the women relapsed into Tiredness or other mental illnesses, not infrequently with a serious outcome. However, most of the episodes of Tiredness lasted less than 2 years and were of milder impairment. We emphasize the importance of further investigations by means of epidemiological, clinical and neurochemical methods as regards the heterogeneous syndrome of mental fatigue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Incidence of dementia in the Lundby Study.

The incidences of senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) and multi-infarction dementia (MID) were studied in a total Swedish population, the Lundby project. The study is prospective and covers a 25-year period. The incidence rates per year of contracting SDAT or MID and the probability in each 10-year age interval of contracting dementia in the elderly were calculated, as well as the cumulative risk up to a certain age. The lifetime risk of contracting SDAT was for men 25.5% and for women 31.9%. The corresponding figures for MID were 29.8 and 25.1%.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Vascular dementia in the Lundby study. 1. A prospective, epidemiological study of incidence and risk from 1957 to 1972.

In this study, a total population, the 1957 Lundby cohort, was investigated with regard to the incidence of vascular dementia over a 15-year period, and to provide a succeeding study with basic data concerning the background factors for vascular dementia. The 1957 cohort comprises 2,612 persons who were registered in the geographically delimited Lundby area on July 1, 1957. The lifetime risk of developing vascular dementia was found to be 34.5% in men and 19.4% in women when all degrees of impairment were taken into account, the preponderance for the male sex being very obvious.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type in the Lundby Study. I. A prospective, epidemiological study of incidence and risk during the 15 years 1957-1972.

In spite of the great impact of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) on society, far too little is known about its epidemiology. In this study of a total, normal population from a geographically delimited area in Sweden, Lundby, 2612 persons were examined in 1957 by one psychiatrist (Hagnell). In 1972 the same population was reexamined irrespective of domicile. The incidence and risk of contracting SDAT during the 15 years were calculated. No cases of SDAT were diagnosed before the age of 60 years. The lifetime risk was for men 25.7% and for women 26.2%. When only the very severely impaired were taken into account, the figures were 14.5% in men and 14.6% in women.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

A prospective study of first-incidence depression. The Lundby study, 1957-72.

The present study is based on the so-called 1957 Lundby cohort, a geographically defined normal Swedish population of 2612 individuals who were evaluated for mental disorders in 1957 and 1972. The annual age-standardised first incidence of depression, with or without other psychiatric symptoms, all degrees of impairment included, was found to be 4.3 per 1000 person years in men and 7.6 per 1000 person years in women. Up until 70 years of age, the cumulative probability of suffering a first episode of depression was 27% in men and 45% in women.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Incidence of anxiety in the Lundby Study: changes over time during a quarter of a century.

2,550 persons from a geographically delimited area in Sweden were examined and described by a team of 4 psychiatrists in 1947. Mental disorders, personality traits, social factors etc. were recorded for all but 1% of the population. Irrespective of domicile the same persons were examined in the same way first 10, then another 15 years later. The incidence of 'Anxiety' up to 60 years of age was 9.9% in men and 19.7% in women. The majority of both sexes had their first episode as young adults or in the younger middle age (30-39 years). Among men with a 'severe and medium' impairment, the cumulative probability of disease was higher in the 15-year period 1957-1972 than in the 10-year period 1947-1957.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Law and psychiatry: Scandinavia in the 1980s.

The major policies and practices with regard to the civil and criminal commitment of the mentally ill in the Scandinavian countries during the 1970s and 1980s are described and discussed. Deinstitutionalization, community work, and outpatient treatment within geographically defined sectors have been introduced in all the Nordic countries. At the same time, criminally committed mental patients constitute an increasing proportion of the involuntarily hospitalized population. The special defense of insanity and tests such as McNaughtan are not used in the Scandinavian countries. The handling and disposition of severely mentally ill criminal defendants is closer to the notions of guilty but mentally ill in some U.S. jurisdictions, although in Scandinavia such persons are hospitalized and do not receive penal sentences. Even though forensic psychiatry has come under much criticism, there is still a need for psychiatric evaluations for courts and there is still a need for the provision of mental health treatment, rehabilitation, and follow-up for mentally disordered offenders.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗
PubMed1983

Current trends in the incidence of senile and multi-infarct dementia. A prospective study of a total population followed over 25 years; the Lundby Study.

Organic brain syndromes among the elderly have been studied prospectively in a total population during the 25-year period 1947-1972. The population (2,550 persons) originates from a geographically delimited area in southern Sweden (Lundby). The original population has been followed for 25 years irrespective of domicile. A comparison of incidences for the first 10-year period (1947-1957) and the second 15-year period (1957-1972) shows a decrease in organic brain syndromes in the population concerning multi-infarct as well as senile dementias.

Adolescent↗