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Biomedical subjects

L O'Toole

Publications and source records attributed to L O'Toole.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of dopamine on T-lymphocyte proliferative responses and serum prolactin concentrations in critically ill patients.

OBJECTIVES: Dopamine is currently used in the ICU for its vasopressor, renal vasodilating, and cardiac inotropic properties. Animal studies have shown both endocrine and T-lymphocyte alterations with dopamine agonist administration. The relationships between exogenous dopamine and patient hormonal and lymphocyte proliferative responses have not been evaluated in the critically ill patient. These findings furnished the impetus for the present study. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled, clinical study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients admitted to the ICU at Truman Medical Center were evaluated for admission into the protocol, excluding patients whose medications or diseases produced effects in the study-dependent variables. Before institution of dopamine therapy, blood samples were taken for T-cell analysis and prolactin measurement. Daily, early morning blood samples were taken if the dopamine infusion was > 5 micrograms/kg/min for 4 hrs during that 24-hr period. An early morning postdopamine sample was taken on the first day after dosage discontinuation. Control blood samples for determination of T-cell and prolactin responses were drawn from ICU patients who did not receive dopamine. A severity-of-disease score (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHE II] score) was recorded for all patients. MAIN RESULTS: Serum prolactin concentrations decreased > 90% (p < .001) within hours in all patients receiving dopamine infusions at study dose limit or above. The in vitro T-cell proliferative response to concanavalin A decreased (a transitory response) in patients receiving a dopamine infusion (p < .001). Dopamine infusions in medical ICU patients produced an immediate and profound reduction in serum prolactin concentrations in both males and females. An immediate transitory decrease in patient T-cell response to concanavalin A stimulation in vitro was seen in patients receiving dopamine. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest the possibility of altered endocrine and immune function as a corollary of therapeutic concentrations of dopamine in critically ill patients.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1989

Relapses after multidrug therapy for leprosy: a preliminary report of 22 cases in west Nepal.

The WHO recommended multidrug therapy regimens for leprosy patients were implemented in Nepal from 1982. Therefore a considerable number of both paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) patients have been on observation after release from MDT, for as long as 4-5 years. A retrospective study was done considering the patients who relapsed during this period and who were registered at the Out-patients Department of Green Pastures Hospital in Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 22 patients relapsed out of 927 who were released from MDT.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1987

Primary structure of glucagon from the gut of the common dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula).

The primary structure of glucagon isolated from the intestine of the common dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, was established as H S E G T F T S D Y S K Y M D N R R A K D F V Q W L M N T. The peptide shows four substitutions compared with human glucagon: Glu-3 for Gln, Met-14 for Leu, Asn-16 for Ser and Lys-20 for Gln. Glucagon represented the predominant molecular form of the glucagon-like immunoreactivity in the dogfish gut extracts demonstrating that the pathway of posttranslational processing of proglucagon in the gut of this fish differs markedly from the pathway in the mammalian gut.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Scyliorhinin I and II: two novel tachykinins from dogfish gut.

Two peptides with tachykinin-like ability to contract longitudinal muscle from the guinea pig ileum were isolated from the intestine of the common dogfish, Scyliorhinus caniculus. The amino acid sequence of scyliorhinin I was established as Ala-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Phe-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2 and this peptide cross-reacted with antisera directed against the C-terminal region fo substance P. The amino acid sequence of scyliorhinin II was established as Ser-Pro-Ser-Asn-Ser-Lys-Cys-Pro-Asp-Gly-Pro-Asp-Cys-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met- NH2 and this peptide cross-reacted with antisera directed against the C-terminal region of neurokinin A. The mammalian peptides substance P and neurokinin A were absent from the dogfish intestinal tissue.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eyelid hypertrichosis associated with latanoprost is reversible.

A 56-year-old woman with primary open-angle glaucoma in an only eye presented with hypertrichosis after using Latanoprost to lower IOP. After trabeculectomy with adjunctive Mitomycin C, IOP was well controlled and antiglaucoma medications could be discontinued. At eight-month follow-up the abnormal eyelashes had disappeared.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myocardial infarction.

A conference on myocardial infarction (MI) was held at the Royal College of Physicians on 6 June 1994, organised by Dr K S Channer. The management of myocardial infarction has changed dramatically in the last few years with the introduction of effective measures to reduce early mortality and improve longterm prognosis. The purpose of this conference was to review these approaches and determine how they may be introduced into practice. The conference was divided into three sections: preventing myocardial infarction, acute intervention at the time of infarction, and preventing reinfarction.

Humans↗