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Biomedical subjects

L Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to L Nilsson.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Inhibition of aminoglycoside activity in heparin.

Measurements of aminoglycosides by an agar disk diffusion assay are inhibited by heparin in a dose-dependent way. When assayed by a homogeneous immunoassay, this was only evident for tobramycin. This indicates that specimens for aminoglycoside measurement should not be obtained in heparinized tubes. When heparin is used clinically as an anticoagulant, the amount in blood does not reach levels that affect the aminoglycoside activity.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

Involvement of the intestinal microflora in the formation of sulphur-containing metabolites of caffeine.

1. The urine of conventional and germ-free rats was examined, after an oral dose of caffeine, with regard to the presence of sulphur-containing conjugates of this compound. 2. Only the methyl sulphoxide analogue was detected. 3. The ratio of the quantities of this metabolite in conventional and germ-free rat urine was 42:1. 4. The proposed mechanism for the formation of the methyl sulphoxide analogue of caffeine involves the biliary excretion of a mercapturic acid pathway metabolite of caffeine with subsequent metabolism by the intestinal microflora.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Measurement of water transport through the skin.

A method for measuring water exchange through human skin has been developed. It is based on estimation of the vapour pressure gradient immediately above the surface of the skin and permits the skin area investigated to be exposed to the ambient air during the entire period of measurement. Influence on the microclimate above the skin, with respect to humidity and temperature, is thereby minimized. An instrument for measuring small amounts of water evaporated from or absorbed by a surface per unit time and area is described and its accuracy discussed. The instrument has a high degree of accuracy and better sensitivity than previously described devices used for this purpose. It has been used primarily to investigate the rate of evaporation from the skin surface in newborn infants and from the skin in patients with burns.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1980

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of epimers, impurities, and content of the glucocorticoid budesonide and preparation of primary standard.

The new glucocorticoid budesonide, a 1:1 mixture of two epimers, was evaluated analytically with respect to drug content, impurities, and epimer distribution in the drug substance. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) systems using octadecylsilane columns with different ethanol-water mixtures as eluents were used. Budesonide and its epimers were determined with recoveries of 100.3% (+/- 0.16 SD) and 99.7% (+/- 0.27 SD), respectively. Individual foreign steroids in the ranges of 0.05--0.2 and 0.2--2% were determined with mean recoveries of 93% (+/- 7.6 SD) and 97% (+/- 2.5 SD), respectively. Analysis of eight small-scale production batches of budesonide gave a recovery of 99.9% (+/- 0.39 SD) for the sum of budesonide and impurities. Analytical data and the procedure for preparation of a budesonide primary standard are given. The proposed HPLC procedure is faster, more accurate, more precise, and more selective than the usual pharmacopeial methods for corticosteroids.

Budesonide↗
PubMed1980

Recurrent central odontogenic fibroma.

This article presents a case of a central odontogenic fibroma which recurred 9 years after it was enucleated. Very few cases of this tumor have been recognized and reported. The clinical and histopathologic criteria and the differential diagnosis of the lesion are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Factors affecting gentamicin assay.

Measurements of gentamicin concentrations in serum by the luciferase method are affected by sodium phosphate, glucose, and heparin. The effects of the first two factors can be eliminated by omitting phosphate and increasing the level of glucose in the culture medium. The effects of heparin cannot be easily circumvented, thus precluding use of this agent as an anticoagulant. Bilirubin, which purportedly inhibits measurement of gentamicin in serum by the disk diffusion assay, does not affect the accuracy of the luciferase method.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1979

Cyclic AMP formation of isolated human corpora lutea in response to HCG - interference by PGF2 alpha.

Human corpora lutea of defined ages were excised at operation, cut into pieces and incubated in the presence of HCG, PGF2 alpha and PGE2 alone or in combination. Following incubation cAMP formation in tissue and medium was determined. HCG-stimulated tissue cAMP content was most pronounced at a corpus luteum age of 7-10 days after ovulation. This stimulation was antagonized by PGF2 alpha in corpora lutea older than 6 days. PGE2 stimulated cAMP formation per se and this effect was more pronounced when HCG and PGE2 were combined. A possible role for PGF2 alpha as a luteolytic substance in the human is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Fatal iron intoxication with multiple coagulation defects and degradation of factor VIII and factor XIII.

A severe iron intoxication in a 15-year-old girl resulted in profound damage to vital organs and multiple clotting defects, but no haemorrhagic diathesis. Investigation revealed not only impaired synthesis of coagulation factors but also abnormal proteolysis by plasmin as well as by other proteolytic enzymes liberated from leucocytes and damaged tissue cells affecting especially factor VIII and factor XIII.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of the microsphere method for determination of cardiac output and flow distribution in the rat.

The radioactive microsphere technique was applied to determine simultaneous cardiac output and flow distribution in the rat. Left ventricular injections of large numbers of microspheres were given, without significant adverse effects, allowing determination of flow to organs and tissues with low perfusion rates. In order to determine coronary blood flow it was necessary to excise the inner lining of the left ventricle, thus eliminating activity from deposits of microspheres. Cardiac output determination showed less variation with the sampling catheter in the abdominal aorta than in the femoral artery. It is concluded that the microsphere method can be conveniently used for hemodynamic studies in the rat, and that the abdominal aorta is the preferred site for the placement of the reference catheter in the rat.

Animals↗