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Biomedical subjects

L Nathanson

Publications and source records attributed to L Nathanson.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
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Megestrol melanoma study.

The progestogen megestrol acetate (160 mg/day PO continuously starting 2 days before chemotherapy) plus chemotherapy with dacarbazine (220 mg/m2/day IV for 3 days), cisplatin (25-30 mg/m2/day IV for 3 days) every 3 weeks, and carmustine (150 mg/m2 IV single dose every 6 weeks) were administered to 22 patients, 18 of whom were evaluable. Toxicity was tolerable, and more than 80% of ideal dosing was achieved during the first two cycles of treatment. A net weight gain of 0.95 kg was observed during this program of treatment. A 56% objective response rate, including visceral responding sites, with a median duration of response of 37.5+ weeks was achieved. A median survival of 15 months for all evaluable study patients was seen, which is somewhat longer than that achieved by most prior studies, including those employing the same chemotherapy regimen plus tamoxifen. Megestrol acetate may contribute to a high objective response rate and prolonged median survival in viscerally dominant metastatic melanoma when used with a chemotherapy regimen of dacarbazine, carmustine, and cisplatin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specificity of growth inhibition of melanoma by 4-hydroxyanisole.

An experimental study using human melanoma (NEL-MI), rat hepatoma (Fu5-5), and human kidney (293-31) cell lines was undertaken in order to evaluate the antitumor activity of 4-hydroxyanisole (4-OHA) in vitro. Prior reports have indicated highly specific antitumor activity of 4-OHA against melanoma cells in vitro. This specific antitumor activity has been proposed to be due to the oxidation of 4-OHA by tyrosinase to cytotoxic oxidation products. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity was observed when cells were cultured for 72 h in the presence of 4-OHA. At 100 microM, 4-OHA produced growth inhibition of 62%, 32%, and 55% in melanoma, hepatoma, and kidney cell lines, respectively. No effect was seen at 10 microM 4-OHA. 1,000 microM 4-OHA produced 100% kill. Tyrosinase activity was detected only in melanoma cells. The effect of 100 microM 4-OHA on the incorporation of 3H DNA precursors in melanoma, hepatoma, and kidney cells was also studied. Thymidine incorporation was inhibited in all three cell lines at the lowest cell density tested, with the greatest inhibition seen on melanoma cells. As cell density increased, the effect of 4-OHA on thymidine incorporation decreased. With respect to RNA synthesis, 4-OHA significantly reduced the incorporation of uridine in all three cell lines, with the greatest effect in melanoma cells. Cell density also affected the inhibition of uridine incorporation, but to a lesser extent than that observed on thymidine incorporation. The effect of 4-OHA on leucine incorporation was modest and uninfluenced by cell density. Thus, cytotoxicity of 4-OHA may involve two different mechanisms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗