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Biomedical subjects

L N Tsar'kova

Publications and source records attributed to L N Tsar'kova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Use of ofloxacin in the treatment of infections of the lower respiratory tract].

The taxonomy of the causative agents of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) isolated from patients in the Moscow Region was studied and the clinico-microbiological efficacy and tolerance of ofloxacin used in their treatment were estimated. The microbiological tests of the sputum specimens from 168 patients with LRTIs most frequently detected gram positive cocci with the predominance of Streptococcus spp. (65.2 per cent) and in particular the Str. viridans group (57.7 per cent). Neisseria spp. and B. catarrhalis (18.1 per cent) were more frequent among the gram negative isolates. Gram negative bacilli were isolated in 14.3 per cent of the cases with the predominance of Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacter spp. In 80.8 per cent of the cases the microorganisms were isolated in the form of 2-3-component associations. By the in vitro antimicrobial activity against 167 clinical isolates ofloxacin was superior to penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and cotrimoxasol. Good and satisfactory clinical effects in the treatment of 29 patients with LRTIs were observed in 17 cases (70.8 per cent). Adverse reactions were stated in 3 patients (11.5 per cent). Superinfection due to ofloxacin resistant enterococci, S. pyogenes, Neisseria spp. and yeast-like fungi developed in some patients treated with ofloxacin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Myocardium in chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The analysis of endomyocardial biopsies (10 specimens) and clinical observations suggests the conclusion: myocardial lesions in OPD patients with pulmonary hypertension are due to metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances. In addition to myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial dystrophy contributes to development of cor pulmonale.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Radiocardiography and rheography of the pulmonary artery in the diagnosis of disorders of hemodynamics and right-ventricular contractility in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].

Radiocardiography and rheography of the pulmonary artery were used to examine impairments in hemodynamics and contractile function of the right ventricle in 40 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis complicated with persistent hypertension. Right ventricular hemodynamic and contractile impairments were shown to be not equivalent with similar clinical and functional signs of pulmonary hypertension. This fact indicates that the use of special techniques is of practical value in the determination of right ventricular hemodynamics and myocardial contractility in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis. Radiocardiography and rheography of the pulmonary artery are sufficiently reliable noninvasive techniques for examining the hemodynamics and contractile function of the right ventricular myocardium.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of pulmonary hypertension].

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complicated, yet poorly studied problem of modern medicine. A combined clinico-instrumental study of clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of the PH syndrome of varying origins has substantiated nosological independence of primary PH. PH associated with vasculitis, primarily affecting the lungs, is described. Differential-diagnostic criteria of primary and chronic post-embolic PH are presented. Mechanisms of PH development and progress, and those of heart failure associated with chronic pulmonary obstructive diseases and congenital heart defects are discussed. PH classifications are proposed.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed1987

[Central hemodynamic status and left ventricular contractile function in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases and stable pulmonary hypertension (based on data from radionuclide study methods)].

Systemic, central and intracardiac hemodynamics and left-ventricular contractility were studied radiocardiographically and radioventriculographically in 22 patients with stable pulmonary hypertension, developing in the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. A tendency to increased circulating blood volume, significantly elevated end diastolic and end systolic indices, reduced total ejection fraction, and a tendency to decreased segmental ejection fractions were demonstrated. A significant reduction of the speed and percentage of left-ventricular myocardial circular fibre contraction is another evidence of incompetent left-ventricular contractility, in addition to the reduced ejection fraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Principles and methods of the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

A critical review of medication to control pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases is presented along with the authors' own experience with the use of long-acting nitrates and calcium antagonists, suggesting that such drugs are warranted as a long-term treatment in combination with agents controlling bronchial obstruction.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Pulmonary hypertension and cardiac lesions in chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

Clinical and instrumental criteria for pulmonary and intracardiac hemodynamic disorders within the lesser circulation, associated with chronic nonspecific pulmonary disease (CNPD) are presented. It is demonstrated that right-ventricular (RV) hypertrophy is not an obligatory sign of hemodynamic disorders complicating chronic pulmonary disease, therefore selecting it as the principal sign of an intricate complex of pulmonocardiac disorders is a mistake that interferes with prospective early clinical diagnosis of pulmonocardiac disturbances associated with CNPD and reduces the efficiency of their treatment. The nature of CNPD-associated pulmonocardiac disturbances is adequately reflected in the term "secondary pulmonary hypertension".

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1985

[Hemostatic system in obstructive lung diseases and its changes in the course of treatment with low heparin doses].

A decrease in antithrombin III activity was noted in exacerbation of chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma. It was assessed as a criterion of intravascular activation of the blood coagulation system. The absence of dependence of the clinical effect of heparin on its anticoagulant properties was shown in these diseases. The use of small doses of heparin was shown to result in a rise of antithrombin III activity in the plasma irrespective of an obvious clinical effect of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Pulmonary hypertension in chronic nonspecific lung diseases].

Pulmonary and intracardiac hemodynamic findings are reported. They were obtained by means of catheterization of right cardiac departments and the pulmonary artery with thermodilution in 57 patients with chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases (CNPD), under conditions of resting, rationed bicycle-ergometric exercise, hypo- and hyperoxia, and nitroglycerin administration. Changes in pulmonary and intracardiac hemodynamics which reflect the ongoing exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms in the external respiration apparatus, the pulmonary vascular system and the heart, are shown to precede the formation of right ventricular hypertrophy in obstructive CNPD A classification of secondary pulmonary hypertension, based on clinical and instrumental signs, is offered.

Adult↗