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Biomedical subjects

L Moreau

Publications and source records attributed to L Moreau.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Contribution of early electromyography in the prognostic assessment of facial paralysis].

26 patients suffering from total facial palsy of different etiologies underwent an electromyography of the facial muscles between the 5th and 15th day, and were followed up for one year. The muscular activity in forced mimetics, the blink reflex, and the electric response latency were studied after stimulation of the stylomastoid foramen. Early EMG with detection of one or several motor units is a decisive factor in the final prognosis. The methodology and advantages of EMG are compared to those of electroneuronography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Trisomy 3 in cold agglutinin disease.

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia generally considered to result from an antibody-producing clonal expansion of B lymphocytes. We studied 16 patients with CAD and demonstrated a chromosomally abnormal clone in the peripheral blood (PB) of six. Trisomy 3 was the only abnormality in two patients, trisomy 12 the only abnormality in one, and both trisomy 3 and trisomy 12 were present in three patients. A lymphoma was subsequently diagnosed in two of these six patients and in none of the patients without a karyotypic abnormality. The results suggest that trisomy 3 confers a slight growth advantage in the B-cell lineage, particularly at a relatively late stage of differentiation. The resultant clone may present clinically as CAD and, in some cases, progress to a clinical lymphoma.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1989

[Pre-decision algorithms for the induction of ovulation in fertilization in vitro].

The success of medically assisted procreation techniques depends on the influence of numerous parameters and, especially the quality of ovarian hyperstimulation. The need of a homogeneous treatment within the medical team has led us to elaborate a system of assistance in decision making in terms of stimulation of ovulation. A first system was developed for a classical stimulation protocol, type clomiphene-gonadotropin. The limited number of decision making parameters (six) as well as the limited number of therapeutic decisions (six) has enabled us to developed a particularly performing algorithm system.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1989

[Reconstruction of the wall of the canal].

In "intact" canal wall tympanoplasty, recurrent disease and retraction pockets must be avoided by repair of attic or lateral defects. Between 1983 and 1986, the authors used septal cartilage homograft in 38 cases and mastoid bone autograft in 47 cases. The uniqueness of the last technique is the preservation of fibroperiosteum with the cortical bone shaving, allowing a good adaptability in the defect. Histologic studies, clinical follow up and operative evaluation in case of second look intervention allows discussion on advantages and disadvantages of the two materials. The tolerance is good. The two procedures are variable and reliable in 80% of cases.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of converting enzyme inhibition by enalapril on renal hemodynamics in essential arterial hypertension].

The effects of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on renal haemodynamics were studied in 10 patients with moderates essential hypertension and no renal failure. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration were measured (by I 131-hippuran and I 125-iothalamate clearances respectively), before ("placebo period"), and after 15 days of treatment with enalapril 40 mg/day. The drug clearly had an antihypertensive effect: systolic pressure fell from 169 +/- 4 to 149 +/- 5 mmHg (P less than 0.01), and diastolic pressure from 111 +/- 3 to 94 +/- 3 mmHg (P less than 0.01). Enalapril induced marked renal vasodilatation: renal vascular resistance decreased from 0.18 +/- 0.01 to 0.14 +/- 0.01 A.U. (P less than 0.01); renal blood flow was moderately increased (from 764 +/- 43 to 829 +/- 43 ml/min/1.73 m2, P less than 0.05), while glomerular filtration rate remained unmodified (118 +/- 4 versus 120 +/- 6 ml/min/1.73 m2, NS). Under enalapril, the filtration fraction decreased from 0.29 +/- 0.01 to 0.26 +/- 0.01 (P less than 0.01). These results confirmed that enalapril produces dilatation of both the afferent and efferent arterioles - a mechanism that might lower perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillary vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Karyotypic stability in chronic B-cell leukemia.

Twenty-one patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) have been followed for more than 2 years with serial cytogenetic studies, including 11 cases for more than 5 years and three others for more than 10 years. A chromosomally abnormal clone was present at the time of initial study in 10 of these patients, and neither these nor the 11 individuals with a normal karyotype had any cytogenetic evolution during the follow-up period, although clinical progression, requiring therapy, was observed in 13 cases. In an additional 12 B-CLL patients who had repeat chromosome studies but were followed for less than 2 years, two patients with advanced disease and multiple cytogenetic abnormalities developed minor additional karyotypic changes and died within 18 months, and two patients with a normal karyotype developed rapidly progressive disease associated with an emerging chromosomally abnormal clone and survived only 1 year. These results demonstrate that karyotypic evolution is rare in B-CLL. Its occurrence indicates a poor prognosis, but its rarity suggests that clinical progression in this disease is usually more dependent on other factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Prescription of Theostat 300 as a single evening dose].

Sixteen patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive lung disease were treated for 8 days by scored tablets of sustained-release theophylline. Treatment was administered as a single evening dose per day, 2 hours after dinner, at a daily dosage of 10 mg/kg/day of theophylline. The theophylline curve remained in the theoretical therapeutic zone of 8 to 15 mcg/ml for about 14 hours; the clinical efficacy, evaluated on the basis of the improvement in the signs and symptoms, was satisfactory. The clinical acceptability was good apart from insomnia observed during the first 2 days of treatment.

Asthma↗
PubMed1986

The most common chromosome change in 86 chronic B cell or T cell tumors: a 14q32 translocation.

Among 46 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (40 B cell, 6 T cell) and 40 patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), a chromosomally abnormal neoplastic clone was identified in 43 cases. A translocation involving 14q32 was present in nine cases (five B-CLL, two T-CLL, two CTCL). The donor chromosomal site was 11q13 in four patients and 1q12, 4q25-27, 17q21-22, 18q21, and 22q11 in one case each. The next most frequent abnormalities were rearrangements involving 6q21-23 (four cases), and trisomy 12 (four cases, all B-CLL). In one CTCL patient, the t(11;14) translocation was present in one of three apparently unrelated T cell clones. Recent studies indicate that the selective advantage conferred by the 14q+ chromosome in B cell neoplasms appears to result from an oncogene being brought adjacent to a rearranged and transcriptionally active immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. The present findings suggest that similar mechanisms may operate in certain T cell neoplasms, although the activating gene is not necessarily the same.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Etiologic aspects of cold agglutinin disease: evidence for cytogenetically defined clones of lymphoid cells and the demonstration that an anti-Pr cold autoantibody is derived from a chromosomally aberrant B cell clone.

This study investigated the clonal nature of cold agglutinin disease in a series of nine patients, which included the benign or idiopathic form as well as cases with an underlying lymphoma. Surface marker phenotyping and karyotypic analysis were performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes. An increased proportion of B cells was found in four cases and in three of these patients a monoclonal B cell population was identified with a mu, kappa phenotype. In the same three cases, as well as an additional patient, an aberrant karyotype was demonstrated. The cytogenetic abnormality present in all four cases included trisomy 3; two patients also had a trisomy 12. One of these four patients had a well-differentiated lymphoma and underwent a splenectomy. Splenic lymphocytes were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus and cultured en masse. Eight clones were established producing the same cold agglutinin with identical specificity as that present in the patient's plasma. Five of these clones were studied cytogenetically, and all had the same abnormal karyotype (51,XX,+3,+9,+12,+13,+18) found in peripheral blood and splenic lymphocytes. Thus, in this case, the cold reactive autoantibody was produced by the chromosomally abnormal, neoplastic clone of lymphocytes. Our findings support the view that cold agglutinin disease represents a spectrum of clonal disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Transvaginal sonographically controlled follicle puncture for oocyte retrieval.

Transvaginal sonographically guided follicle aspiration under local anesthesia was performed on more than 100 patients and compared favorably with the other techniques that have been proposed to retrieve oocytes for in vitro fertilization. Sonography employs a sector scanner placed on the abdomen, and the needle is introduced through the posterior fornix of the vagina into the cul-de-sac and the ovary. In case of a high ovary, a transvaginal-transvesical variation may be used. The method is not painful and is easy to learn and perform. The sole adverse incidents have involved inadvertent venous puncture with no sequelae. The number and quality of recovered oocytes are good, and five normal children conceived after this method of retrieval were recently born. The technique permits substantial simplification of egg recovery for in vitro fertilization, which can now be performed in an outpatient setting without the risk and expense of laparoscopy and general anesthesia or the discomfort of transabdominal-transvesical ultrasound-guided aspiration.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1985

Factors involved in interferon-induced or cholera toxin-induced steroidogenesis in Y-1 mouse adrenal tumour cells.

In addition to its antiviral effect, interferon, at high concentrations, stimulates steroidogenesis and provokes cell rounding in Y-1 mouse adrenal tumour cells. This stimulation was inhibited by cytochalasin B and colchicine. In contrast, dibutyryl cAMP and cholera toxin, also able to induce steroid production and cell rounding, increased steroid production even in the presence of these cytoskeleton-disrupting agents. The initial trigger for interferon or cholera toxin thus probably involves a distinct receptor organization. However, since both inducers increased cAMP synthesis in this differentiated cell line, the further metabolic steps of ketosteroid production could be the same.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗