Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Monnier

Publications and source records attributed to L Monnier.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dietary and drug treatments of calcium nephrolithiasis (author's transl)].

Dietary and drug treatments of calcium nephrolithiasis depend mainly on the mineral composition of renal stones: calcium oxalate, phosphate or mixed stones. The association with an hypercalciuria is an important factor which must be taken into account because oxalates and phosphates precipitate as calcium crystals in case of urinnary oversaturation. Despite many therapies have been proposed, their efficiency seems to be rather small when they are used alone. Usually, it is necessary to act on several factors with a combination of therapeutic methods. Absorptive hypercalciuria are improved with both low calcium diets and inhibitors of calcium absorption. In renal hypercalciuria, the treatment is based on the administration of thiazide diuretics which enhance calcium renal tubular reabsorption. The other therapeutic methods depend on the nature of renal stones: urinary acidification for calcium phosphate; administration of succinimide, oral phosphate or organic phosphonates for calcium oxalate stones; association with purine biosynthesis inhibitors in case of the presence of urates in renal calculi.

Benzothiadiazines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dietary fibers].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of 3 portasystemic shunts following 65% hepatectomy in the dog. Evaluation of 2 specific functions of the liver].

Three types of porto-systemic shunt were performed in the dog following 65% hepatectomy with the aim of determining the best porto-systemic shunt for the maintenance of hepatic function during regeneration of the liver: terminolateral portocaval shunt, mesenterico-caval shunt and spleno-pancreatico-caval shunt. The hepatic functions studied were the hydroxylation of vitamin D and proaccelerin synthesis. These functions were unaffected by the mesenterico-caval shunt whilst they were depressed to the same extent by both other types of shunt.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationships between serum lipids, platelet membrane fatty acid composition and platelet aggregation in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In order to gain further insight into the mechanism of platelet dysfunction frequently reported in diabetes we investigated circulating fatty acids, lipid composition of platelet membrane and platelet function in Type 2 diabetic patients. In these subjects, percentages of C16 : 1n-7 and C18 : 1n-9 in serum phospholipid fraction and of C16 : 1n-7 in serum cholesterol ester fraction were decreased. Moreover, the content of C20 : 4n-6 in serum cholesterol esters was altered in Type 2 diabetic subjects: C18 : 0 and C20 : 3n-6 were increased but C20 : 4n-6 content was similar to controls. Aggregation in vitro did not differ from controls but aggregation in vivo was increased in Type 2 diabetic subjects. No correlation was observed between metabolic parameters -i.e., HbA1, blood glucose, serum triglycerides and total cholesterol, circulating fatty acids and fatty acid content of platelet membrane. A negative linear correlation was found between aggregation in vivo and C20 : 4n-6 content of platelet membrane. Moreover, a U shaped relationship was observed between platelet aggregation in vitro and C20 : 4n-6 content of platelet membrane suggesting that C20 : 4n-6 level should be tightly controlled otherwise platelet hyperreactivity may occur. These results indicate that despite a normal mean C20 : 4n-6 content in the platelet membrane, regulation of C20 : 4n-6 metabolism is less strictly controlled in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and confirm the importance of arachidonic acid platelet content in the regulation of platelet aggregability.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of moderate changes in protein intake on urinary albumin excretion in type I diabetic patients.

We investigated the short-term effects of moderate increments or decrements of protein intake on albumin excretion rates of type I diabetic patients. Ten normotensive patients with either normal albumin excretion rates (< 20 micrograms/min, group I, n = 5) or persistent mu-albuminuria (20-200 micrograms/min, group II, n = 5) were fed successively three test diets providing different protein intakes. Each patient was randomly allocated to 3-wk sequences of the following diets: low-protein diet (LPD; median 0.84, range 0.76-0.94 g.kg-1.day-1), medium-protein diet (MPD; median 1.33, range 0.98-2.00 g.kg-1.day-1), and high-protein diet (HPD; median 2.05, range 1.54-2.61 g.kg-1.day-1). The three diets were isoenergetic and isoglucidic. In group I patients, no consistent change was found in mu-albuminuria. In group II patients, LPD resulted in a reduction in mu-albuminuria compared with MPD and HPD. Changes in albumin excretion rates were positively correlated to relative changes in protein intake. This suggests that moderately protein-restricted diets can reduce mu-albuminuria in diabetic patients suffering from incipient nephropathy, the degree of reduction depending on the degree of restriction. Because of poor patient compliance with protein intakes < 0.8 g.kg-1.day-1, we conclude that moderately rather than severely protein-restricted diets should be recommended for long-term prescriptions.

Adult↗