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Biomedical subjects

L Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to L Meyer.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Augmentation mammaplasty--psychiatric and psychosocial characteristics and outcome in a group of Swedish women.

Thirty-eight women undergoing augmentation mammaplasty, consecutively operated on at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Malmö, Sweden, were studied preoperatively regarding medical history, personality, psychosocial and psychiatric characteristics. Thirty-six of these patients were interviewed one year postoperatively. Thirty-three age-matched women operated on with minor surgical out-patient procedures were used as a contrast group. The mammaplasty patients generally came from insecure homes with conflicts between parents and unsatisfactory emotional relations to both parents. Their educational as well as income level was significantly lower than the contrast group and they were socially isolated. Their sexual adaptation seemed to have been hampered by their sensitivity reactions towards their breasts but nonetheless most of them lived in stable heterosexual relations. Generally the augmentation mammaplasty patients were not psychiatrically abnormal apart from the negative evaluation of their physical attractiveness. The great majority of the women, 86%, were satisfied with the results of surgery. Postoperatively the patients changed their style of dressing, extended their leisure time activities and social contacts, improved their sexual life and relations to their spouse. Postoperative increase of nervous symptoms was reported by 39% of the patients, but about as many patients, 36%, reported decreased nervous symptoms. Difficulties in accepting the surgical result, sexual dysfunctions and negative mental reactions proved to be associated with specific personality characteristics. Various factors have previously been proposed as being usable in the prediction of adverse reactions after augmentation mammaplasty. None of these factors, however, proved in this study to correlate with postoperative maladaptation. A need for increased methodological stringency in predictor studies is indicated.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

The predictive validity of psychosocial factors for patients' acceptance of rhinoplasty.

Adaptation to rhinoplasty one year postoperatively was studied in 56 patients and the results compared with their preoperative psychosocial profiles. Of the patients, 21 (37%) reported unfavorable experiences with the operation, such as dissatisfaction with the results and/or increased nervous symptoms. Patients dissatisfied with the operational result were more often men who had experienced a nose trauma as an adult. A high consumption of alcohol, poorly established social relations, and an outgoing sthenic attitude were other characteristics. Patients reacting with increased mental symptoms after the operation had expected the operation to result in a substantial change in their general life situation. Their sensitivity regarding the shape of their noses was, in some cases, of a delusional severity. The remaining 35 patients (63%) adapted fairly well to the operation. By a system of different weights given to interview items, it was possible to demonstrate a significant predictive validity of the preoperative psychosocial evaluation with regard to postoperative adaptation. Application of this evaluation technique therefore should increase the possibility of reliably predicting the outcome. Operations on patients not suited to rhinoplasty might be avoided with the application of such a technique.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

A prospective study of psychiatric and psychosocial sequelae of bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy.

Short- and long-term adaptation (two months and one year respectively) to bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy was studied in twenty-five consecutive patients operated upon at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Malmö, Sweden. The results were related to preoperative personality and psychosocial profiles. Postoperative difficulties in accepting the surgical result, sexual dysfunctions and mental reactions with depression and anxiety were observed. Such reactions proved to be associated with specific personality characteristics.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor localization in the rat heart and kidney using autoradiography and tritiated rauwolscine.

To study the distribution and characterization of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the rat heart and kidney, we used light microscopic autoradiography and a computer-based image analyzer to quantify the localization of [3H]rauwolscine (RAUW) binding. Scintillation spectrometry of frozen sections of rat kidney demonstrated rapid binding, saturability, stereospecificity and agonist and antagonist binding characteristic of an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor. For autoradiography, sections of rat kidney and heart were incubated in several concentrations of [3H]RAUW in the absence of (total binding) and in the presence of (nonspecific binding) 10(-5) M yohimbine. The sections were processed and grain density quantified using a computer-based image analyzer. The tubules in the renal cortex had significantly more specific [3H]RAUW labeling than either the renal glomeruli or the tubules in the renal medulla at all concentrations of [3H]RAUW used (P less than .0001). Nonspecific binding was significantly higher over the cortical tubules than either the glomeruli or the tubules in the renal medulla (P less than .0001). Scatchard analysis of specific grain densities determined that the tubules in the renal cortex had the highest density of any structure studied [maximum binding (Bmax) = 1182 grains/10(-2) mm2]. The glomeruli had a Bmax of 485 grains/10(-2) mm2, whereas the tubules in the renal medulla had a Bmax of 273 grains/10(-2) mm2. There were no significant differences among these three regions in the dissociation constant of the [3H]RAUW. When analyzing the heart, we found no specific [3H]RAUW labeling over either the cardiac myocytes or the myocardial arterioles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A randomized comparison of postremission therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia: a Southeastern Cancer Study Group trial.

The Southeastern Cancer Study Group conducted a post-remission induction randomized trial in adult acute myelogenous leukemia to assess the efficacy of alternate drug therapy during consolidation and of immunotherapy during maintenance. Of 508 evaluable patients entered into the study, 335 (66%) achieved a complete remission treated with a 7-day infusion of cytosine arabinoside at a dose of 100 mg/sq m/day and 3 days of daunorubicin at a dose of 45 mg/sq m/day. Those in remission were randomized to receive 3 courses of 1 of 3 consolidation regimens: (A) a continuous infusion of 5-azacytidine, 150 mg/sq m/day for 5 days; (B) 5-azacytidine plus beta-deoxythioguanosine, 300 mg/sq m/day for 5 days; or (C) cytosine arabinoside, 100 mg/sq m/day intravenously, and thioguanine, 100 mg/sq m orally every 12 hr, plus daunorubicin, 10 mg/sq m every 24 hr daily for 5 days. There was no difference in relapse rate among the 3 arms. Those completing consolidation and remaining in remission were randomized to 1 of 3 maintenance regimens: (D) chemotherapy, 5-day infusion of cytosine arabinoside and 2 days of daunorubicin (same doses as induction) given every 13 wk for 1 yr; (E) BCG given twice weekly for 1 mo and then monthly for 1 yr; or (F) the combination of regimens D and E. The median duration of remission was significantly better on regimen D (17.4 versus 9.4 and 9.5 mo), and median survival was 29 mo compared to 21 mo for the other regimens. Those given different drugs during consolidation than used for induction (regimens A and B) and subsequent chemotherapy for maintenance (regimen D) had the longest remission durations and survival. Immunotherapy was not as good as intensive chemotherapy for maintenance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Problems of monitoring metabolism of type I diabetics undergoing hemodialysis treatment].

The metabolic control of nephropathic type I diabetics dependent on dialysis is especially difficult and can be rendered more difficult by the procedure of haemodialysis, mainly due to the use of glucose-free dialysis fluid. The blood glucose level is reduced, resulting in hypoglycaemia. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of various methods of compensating for the glucose loss on blood glucose homoeostasis. 5 dialysis-dependent type I diabetics on equal supplies of carbohydrates and insulin received extra glucose in the dialysis fluid and as infusions before and after dialysis. All 3 experimental regimens prevented reduction of the blood glucose level due to dialysis, without any significant differences between them. The choice of method can be made according to the dialysis equipment used.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cell-specific synthesis and glycosylation of secretory proteins in larval salivary glands of Chironomus thummi.

Synthesis and glycosylation of larval salivary gland secretory proteins of Chironomus thummi were analyzed with respect to cell specific differences in the Balbiani ring (BR) pattern and glycoprotein composition of secretion formerly detected by histochemical staining procedures. In the secretion of a special cell type in salivary glands, which is characterized by the appearance of an additional BR, and additional polypeptide with a relative molecular weight (Mr) of 160 kD was found differing in its antigenic properties and tryptic fingerprint pattern from main cell secretion proteins. This so-called ssp-160 component is preferentially synthesized and glycosylated in the special cells. In the same cells, both the synthesis and glycosylation of all other major secretory proteins was found to be diminished or even repressed. In contrast to the conspicuous cell-specific differences at the level of protein synthesis. RNA analyses show the prominent synthesis of 75S RNA in both main and special cells and gave no clear indication of the synthesis of a smaller RNA fraction as expected from the size of ssp-160 component.--These and further data on synthesis and properties of secretory proteins as well as expression of BR DNA are discussed with regard to the assumption that at least some of the eight major secretory polypeptides are coded for by BR DNA. The BR gene(s) might have originated by manifold duplications and modifications of short repetitive prototype DNA sequences, which are coordinatively expressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Isolated gonococcal pulmonary valve endocarditis: diagnosis by echocardiography.

The perplexing clinical course of a 23-year-old black male with isolated gonococcal pulmonary valvular endocarditis is presented. M-mode echocardiography provided the first clue to the presence of pulmonary valvular vegetations and the proper diagnosis. Since Neisseria gonorrhea appears to have a particular affinity for the pulmonary valve, the presence of isolated pulmonary valvular endocarditis should raise the strong possibility that Neisseria gonorrhea is the offending organism. This case report of pulmonary valvular vegetations detected by echocardiography strongly emphasizes that all four cardiac valves must be visualized in order to rule out the presence of echocardiographically detectable valvular vegetations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of urease and beta-glucosidase activity for the practical identification of mycobacteria (author's transl)].

The urease and the beta-glucosidase for the identification of the mycobacteria were evaluated using 1,019 strains received for reference purposes in this laboratory in 1978. We found that the urease test was useful in the differential identification of BCG which, contrary to Mycobacterium bovis, gave a strong positive reaction in 3 h. The test was also useful to discriminate M. scrofulaceum from pigmented strains of M. avium. The beta-glucosidase test discriminated between M. tuberculosis and M. bovis and was useful to distinguish the niacine-positive strains of M. africanum which were usually negative in this test. The beta-glucosidase test was particularly useful in the differential identification of M. fortuitum and M. chelonei. In this report, the frequency distribution of the species which were submitted to this laboratory in 1978 was also shown and the results obtained for each of the conventional test procedures was presented.

Glucosidases↗