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Biomedical subjects

L Mettler

Publications and source records attributed to L Mettler.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Transvaginal ultrasound-controlled follicle puncture within the scope of human in vitro fertilization].

From June 1986 to February 1987 125 sonographically guided ovum pickups were performed vaginally. On comparison of the pelviscopic oocyte collection a 4% higher success rate was found using the ultrasound technique with regard to transfer and pregnancy rate. Despite two complications out of these 125 punctures, the sonographically guided aspiration technique has proved to possess several advantages in respect of its applicability and a lower incidence of stress factors for the patient.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

[Diagnosis and conservative treatment of tubal pregnancy using pelviscopy in comparison with laparotomy].

Operative pelviscopy substitutes at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kiel, laparotomy for the treatment of tubal pregnancy in ruptured and non-ruptured tubes. Tubectomy, as well as tubal incision with the extraction of the pregnancy product and consecutive suture of the tubes is possible by pelviscopy. All patients with conservative treated tubal pregnancy by pelviscopy are explained that remnants can remain; careful beta-hCG-measurements over a time of at least 14 days post operatively have to be performed. Pregnancy rates in patients with the desire to have children after the pelviscopic treatment reach the same level of success as after a treatment by laparotomy. The operation technique is for the patient less physically stress-full and leads to a faster healing process. The hospitalization time with this treatment is shortened to a maximum of 2-3 days.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1987

[Immunologic aspects of sterility and infertility].

In the complex field of reproductive immunology, related disciplines overlap. Beyond the normal projects of family planning and sterility diagnosis and treatment, new possibilities of population control and early detection of chromosomal and genetic anomalies are pointed out. After a short introduction to the topic of sterility and infertility, the immunoregulatory mechanisms during physiological and pathological pregnancies are discussed. The antigenicity in the female and male reproductive tract and of the gametes themselves are described in detail. Various methods for sperm-antibody detection are compared, especially, a radioimmunoassay developed by the authors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Chromosome analysis in polyploid human embryos.

Cytogenetic investigations have been performed on 436 unfertilized or polyploid human oocytes after in-vitro fertilization at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Kiel. Thirty-two oocytes had more than two pronuclei 16-20 h after fertilization and were therefore potentially the precursors of polyploid embryos. The total number of fertilized oocytes was 667, and the frequency of tripronucleate ova was 4.8%. These tripronucleate eggs may develop normally up to birth but never lead to viable newborn children. Some of the resulting embryos displayed chromosomal mosaicism, where polyploid karyotypes and normal diploid cells occurred together. It is assumed that the survival rate of polyploid embryos depends upon the percentage of normal diploid cells.

Fertilization in Vitro↗
PubMed1986

Significance of sperm bacteriology for the in vitro fertilization of human and mouse oocytes.

The mouse oocyte was used to determine whether T-mycoplasma or Escherichia coli affects the fertilization and embryonal development of oocytes. Ureaplasma urealyticum (T-mycoplasma) in the mouse oocyte system had little influence on the fertilization rates achieved in vitro; however, in all the experiments there was a marked reduction of embryonal development after in vitro fertilization (IVF) of spermatozoa infected with Ureaplasma. Even in oocytes incubated with Ureaplasma only after having reached the two-cell stage, there was reduced development into blastocysts. Changes in the Ureaplasma concentration and incubation time had no major influence on the development into blastocysts. During IVF of mouse oocytes with spermatozoa infected with E. coli concentrations of 10(3)/mL, there were no changes in the fertilization or culture rate as compared to the control group. However, after insemination with 10(6) bacteria/milliliter there was no change in the IVF rates in the mouse oocyte; however, the culture rates were considerably reduced (19.5% as compared to 64.4% in the control group). Whether there are additional changes in the pregnancy rate after the transfer of blastocysts obtained after insemination of oocytes with infected spermatozoa remains a matter for future investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

Outlining the physiological, biotechnological, clinical, and ethical aspects of extracorporeal (in vitro) fertilization and embryo transfer, and its progressively increasing practical application in the treatment of human sterility, the authors briefly share their experiences and achievements in the field. The observation data of 42 embryo transfers (from April to November 1984) performed on patients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Christian-Albrechts-University and Michaelis-Midwifery School, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany, is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to spermatozoa and seminal plasma antigens detected by various enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays.

Various ELISA methods have been applied by different research centers to test the efficiency of this approach for the diagnosis of sperm-immune infertility cases. The antigens used were either whole spermatozoa or solubilized spermatozoal membrane preparations and were immobilized on microtiter plates, except in one case where plastic beads were employed. Polyvalent second antibodies or protein-A labelled with enzymes served as tracers. A high frequency of positive sera was found in all groups including fertile controls with tests using whole spermatozoa as antigen. The methods using solubilized antigen preparations showed fewer positives on the whole and correlated better with the various clinical categories of the WHO sera. Whilst there was some agreement in the results between the various laboratories on a few sera, most of the positive sera found by one laboratory were reported as negative by others. More investigative work is needed to improve reproducibility between different laboratories and to reduce non-specific reactions with normal controls. A more precise definition of the proper cut-off levels for positives and negatives is also needed. Despite these short-comings, the development of an ELISA for the diagnosis of sperm-immune infertility cases seems to be justified in the long term.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

Antibody reactivity with porcine zona pellucida.

A comparative study on anti-zona antibody activities in the sera from clinically defined categories of patients registered at the WHO Reference Bank for Reproductive Immunology was performed at five different laboratories with different detection methods. Considerably higher incidences of positive reactions were detected by immunofluorescence on porcine zonae in infertile women (16.3%) than in control subjects (7.1%). A similar proportion of positives was found by radioimmuno-binding assay (RIBA) using porcine zona antigen preparation in the infertile group (13.0%) but not in the female control group (0%), giving an indication of the specificity of this test. It is noteworthy that high incidences of positives were observed by RIBA with sera from male subjects with unexplained sterility, vasectomy and aspermatogenesis. A test system of passive hemagglutination reaction (PHAR) using purified porcine zona substance as antigen gave a low but slightly higher incidence of positives in infertile (3.1%) than in control sera (0.9%). No positive reactions were observed with infertile and control sera by another PHAR or by radioimmunoassay using an antigen preparation common to the two test systems. Anti-zona activities in these sera were therefore seen to vary, depending largely upon the detection systems and the antigen preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cytogenetic investigations on human oocytes and early human embryonic stages.

The chromosome analysis of undivided oocytes and polyploid embryos within a human in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement program offers a unique opportunity to develop correlations between a successful or unsuccessful fertilization and the maturity of the oocytes or the quality of the sperm. Furthermore, it provides information concerning the origin of chromosomal defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reversible immunosuppression of fertility in the rat following immunization by a liposome incorporated spermatozoal polypeptide fraction.

A rat spermatozoal polypeptide with 40 amino acid residues and an N-terminal amino acid residue of Lys was purified to homogeneity by recycling high pressure liquid chromatography. Following incorporation of the peptide into pure phosphatidylcholine liposomes and immunization of female Wistar rats, a significant reduction in fertility rate occurred (chi 2 = 6.4, p less than 0.01). Following a 4-month recovery period after immunization, fertility rates returned to normal. No adverse effects of the immunization on vital organs could be detected.

Animals↗