Biomedical subjects
L M White
Publications and source records attributed to L M White.
An assessment of proliferative and enzyme activity in transitional mucosa adjacent to colonic cancer.
The mucosa within 2 cm of cancers of the large bowel (transitional mucosa) shows histologic and histochemical changes which may indicate premalignant change. In this study, the authors used specimens from resected colonic tissue to compare morphometric, proliferative, and enzyme markers in transitional mucosa with those in cancer tissue and with those in uninvolved mucosa at least 10 cm from the cancer. Proliferative activity was assessed using the Ki 67 monoclonal antibody technique whereas a variety of methods were used to determine enzyme activities in mucosal homogenates. When compared to uninvolved mucosa, crypts in transitional mucosa contained greater number of cells, were significantly deeper and wider and were more likely to be branched. However, crypts in transitional mucosa had a significantly lower labelling index using the Ki 67 technique and there was no evidence of a shift in the proliferative zone towards the bowel lumen. The activities of ornithine decarboxylase, thymidine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase were similar in transitional and uninvolved mucosa. Cancer tissue showed significantly higher levels of activity for ornithine decarboxylase and lactate dehydrogenase. Transitional mucosa showed morphometric changes but there were no proliferative or enzyme markers to suggest a higher than expected risk for malignant change.
Southeast Asian folklore about pregnancy and parturition.
Southeast Asian refugees immigrating to the United States bring many traditional beliefs about pregnancy and childbearing to their new home. Harmony with nature, dualistic concepts of disease, and pathogenetic metaphor are important ingredients of indigenous health practices. Pregnant and postpartum women must be protected against "wind," lost of "heat," and poisons. Because these notions and the behaviors used to carry them out may seem bizarre to unsuspecting Western-trained health care personnel, it is important for Westerners to understand the basis for these beliefs.
Characterization of ovine follicles destined to form subfunctional corpora lutea.
A study was done to test whether ovulatory follicles destined to form subfunctional corpora lutea differed from normal ovulatory follicles in steroidogenic function. Twenty-five ewes were treated with prostaglandin F2 alpha on d 11 of the estrous cycle, then unilaterally ovariectomized before (n = 13) or after (n = 12) the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) at the induced estrus to collect "control" follicles, which would have produced normal corpora lutea. In 15 ewes, the second ovary was removed 63 to 84 h later to collect "treated" follicles before (n = 7) or after (n = 8) the second expected surge of LH. Five ewes (control) were allowed to ovulate from the remaining ovary at first estrus and another five (treated) at the second estrus (3 to 4 d later). Treated ewes had lower serum progesterone than control ewes during the ensuing cycle (P less than .05). Treated follicles contained less estradiol in the theca (4.4 +/- .6 vs 10.0 +/- 2.5 ng; P less than .05), less androstenedione (.1 +/- .1 vs 1.0 +/- .2 ng) and estradiol (.5 +/- .1 vs 2.9 +/- 2.2 ng) in the granulosa (P less than .05) and less progesterone in the follicular fluid (.8 +/- .4 vs 3.3 +/- .8 ng; P less than .05) than control follicles, when removed before the surge of LH. Follicles removed after the surge of LH did not differ. In conclusion, ovulatory follicles with low steroidogenic function became corpora lutea that secreted lower-than-normal quantities of progesterone.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of pregnant women.
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Sex ratio after insemination of bovine spermatozoa isolated using a bovine serum albumin gradient.
This experiment was undertaken to determine if a method reported to successfully enrich the proportion of Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in human semen could be adapted for separation of bovine spermatozoa. Semen was collected from four Angus bulls and aliquots were either separated on discontinuous gradients of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or untreated before processing for cryopreservation. Two hundred seventy-one cows or heifers were assigned randomly to be artificially inseminated (20 X 10(6) sperm/insemination) with separated or unseparated spermatozoa. The proportions of male offspring were 45 and 54% after inseminations with separated or unseparated spermatozoa, respectively. In a second phase of the experiment, pooled semen from three Holstein bulls was either extended and frozen without separation or frozen after separation using the discontinuous BSA gradient. Separated and unseparated spermatozoa were analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the ratio of X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa based on differences in DNA content. The ratios of X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa in separated or unseparated samples were indistinguishable. We concluded that the separation method did not enrich the proportion of Y-bearing bovine spermatozoa.
Characteristics of bovine spermatozoa after migration through a bovine serum albumin gradient.
Experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency with which viable, morphologically normal bovine spermatozoa could be isolated using a discontinuous bovine serum albumin (BSA) gradient. In the first experiment, extended semen was layered on top of a BSA gradient (4% BSA over 10% BSA) contained in a 500-ml separatory funnel. When comparing 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 or 21 X 10(9) spermatozoa applied to the gradient, the percentage of spermatozoa recovered from the lower third of the 10% BSA ranged from 2.9 to 18.5%. The greatest recovery was achieved when 1 X 10(9) sperm cells were applied. Increasing the number of spermatozoa applied to the gradient increased the percentage of spermatozoa remaining in the upper portions of the gradient. Motility of spermatozoa immediately after collection from the 10% BSA layer of the gradient was greater than 90%, regardless of the number of spermatozoa applied. In a second experiment with freeze-thawed separated or unseparated spermatozoa, post-thaw motility (greater than 60%) and acrosomal integrity (greater than 85%) of separated spermatozoa (4 or 10% BSA layer) was greater (P less than .05) than that of unseparated spermatozoa (38 and 66%, respectively). The discontinuous gradient excluded decapitated spermatozoa and spermatozoa with mid-piece and principal piece abnormalities from entering the lower layers. Sperm cells with head abnormalities were not separated. These data indicate that a population of spermatozoa with a high frequency of viable, motile, morphologically-normal bovine spermatozoa can be isolated using a discontinuous BSA gradient.
Chemical and physical characterization of ovomucin, a sulfated glycoprotein complex from chicken eggs.
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An automated estimation of proline in hydrolyzates.
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Behavior of uronic acids and acid-treated uronic acids on an automatic amino acid analyzer.
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Scintillation counting of the ninhydrin-amino acid-C14 reaction products from an automatic amino acid analyzer.
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Adaptation of a spectrophotometer to automated continuous colorimetric analysis.
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Determination of S-methylmethionine ion in plant materials by automated amino acid analysis.
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The role of T2-weighted fast-spin-echo imaging in the diagnosis of meniscal tears.
The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of T2-weighted fast-spin-echo (FSE) and intermediate-weighted spin-echo (SE) MR imaging in the detection of meniscal tears. Seventy-six patients (152 menisci) who had arthroscopic surgery after MR imaging of the knee were studied. MR imaging included intermediate-weighted SE and T2-weighted FSE sequences. The use of intermediate-weighted conventional SE images, T2-weighted FSE images, and a combination of both sequences were evaluated in the detection of meniscal tears. T2-weighted FSE imaging was slightly less accurate than intermediate-weighted SE imaging in the diagnosis of meniscal tears. Interpretation of the menisci using both intermediate-weighted SE and T2-weighted FSE imaging did not improve the accuracy over intermediate-weighted imaging evaluated in isolation.
Comparison of two double labeling techniques to measure cell cycle kinetics in myeloid leukemias.
Five patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received a one hour infusion of iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) 100 mg/M2 to label S-phase cells in vivo. The aspirate was labeled in vitro either with tritiated thymidine (3HTdr) or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to measure the duration of S-phase (Ts). The mean Ts using 3HTdr (Ts1) was 15.9h (13.1-19.8h) and using BrdU (Ts2) was 17.1h (14.5-20.6h). Total cell cycle time (Tc) ranged between 44.7h to 158.8h using Ts1 and 54.0h to 170.5h using Ts2. Based on this close approximation between the results, we confirm the reliability of the newly developed method that relies purely on immunohistochemical reaction.