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Biomedical subjects

L M Popova

Publications and source records attributed to L M Popova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis during life support care].

The authors provide the data on lateral amyotrophic sclerosis (LAS) in 11 patients whose life was extended during respiratory failure by respiratory resuscitation and intensive care. The disease was established to run a cyclic course. The following clinical disease periods were distinguished: period of precursors, local motor disorders period, and period of initial and marked generalization. De-efferentation was the final period. The latter one was characterized by the arrest of all motor functions, namely by total paralysis with the exception of the function of oculomotor nerves. Motoneurons of the truncus cerebri nuclei disintegrated much more slowly than those of the spinal cord. The phase of de-efferentation lasted 8 years whereas the total disease period reached 23 years. Intellectual functions were preserved whatever the disease periods. Slow progress of motoneuronal disintegration enables using the respiratory systems both inpatiently and at home. Respiratory resuscitation and intensive care can be employed, if the patient and his relatives give their consent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Pathogenesis and etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (clinico-morphological research)].

The authors describe a 22-year-long course of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis; 14 of these years the patient was maintained by artificial ventilation of the lungs. Total paralysis was associated with intact consciousness and the function of the eye-moving muscles. According to morphological findings the death of motoneurons of the spinal cord and brain stem, as well as of corticospinal tracts was combined with signs of slowly progressive inflammatory process. Virus-like inclusions detected in the cytoplasm of neurons and astrocytes point to a possible infectious nature of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Mechanism of stimulation of the motor activity of the stomach by the greater splanchnic nerve].

The activating effect of the splanchnic nerve on motor activity of the gastro-intestinal tract could not be eliminated either with bilateral vagotomy or separate or joint administration of ornid and benzohexonium, but could be well prevented with atropin blockade of the vegetative ganglia M-serotoninergic receptors as well as diprazin blockade of the smooth muscle D-serotoninergic receptors. The data obtained reveal non-cholinergic and non-adrenergic fibers in the thoracic portion of the major splanchnic nerve which exert obvious activating effect on the stomach contractile function, serotonin being their transmitter.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Morphology and pathogenesis of "brain death" in stroke].

The results of morphological examinations of the central nervous system and hypophysis in 15 cases of insult and "brain death" developing in patients under conditions of application of artificial lung ventilation (ALV). Isolated death of the brain was observed to be due to discontinuation of intracerebral circulation owing to a sharp increase of intracranial pressure. Morphologically, cerebral edema, necrosis of all parts of the brain without reactive changes in neuroglia and vessels, necrosis of the 1st and 2nd cervical segments of the spinal cord, necroses in adenohypophysis, zones of demarkation in the hypophysis capsule and at the level of the 3rd and 4th cervical segments of the spinal cord, and arrest of the blood stream in the brain vessels were observed. The intensity of the morphological changes was found to depend on the duration of ALV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Respiratory resuscitation in severe forms of hemorrhagic stroke].

In 48 patients with hemorrhagic strokes accompanied by disorders of vital functions the authors conducted respiratory resuscitation. Artificial lung ventilation was made from 1 day to 6 months. Among the studied patients 10 of them with a lateral localization of the hematoma and blood penetration into the subarachnoidal spaces and perhaps into the brain ventricules survived, 27 died during the first 2 weeks from the beginning of resuscitation due to destruction of wide brain areas with penetration of blood into the brain ventricules. In more remote periods (from 2 weeks to 8 months following a stroke)--11 patients due to a pathology of the internal organs died. The achieved data indicate that respiratory resuscitation in a very severe development of a hemorrhagic stroke may be used in a limited group of patients with lateral localization of the hematoma.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1976

[Agonal coma in stroke].

The author describes the clinical symptomatology of coma dépassé in 19 patients with severe forms of brain strokes. Artificial pulmonary ventilation was performed until cardic arrest. The longest time of dissociated life of the organism in strokes was 5 days. Spinal automatisms were seen in 9 cases. Some possibilities of unreversible disintegration of separate structures in the CNS in different periods of coma dépassé (and in some cases prior to its development) are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Reticular formation nuclei and bioelectric activity in patients with ischemic brain stem strokes].

The study pertains to new approaches in the study of corrlations between the EEG data and the degree of lesions in the nuclei of the reticular formation in ischemic strokes due to occlusive processes in the vertebrobasillar system. In all cases, because of disorders of vital functions, the authors convened artificial lung ventilation which permitted to prolong the life of the patient and to study the dynamics of the EEG. In 10 lethal cases the brain stem was studied on a series of continuous preparations to determine the degree of lesions in the nuclei of the reticular formation in the pons Varoli and medulla oblongata in ischemic foci. It was not possible to establish significant differences in the indices of bioelectric brain activity in lesions of reticular nuclei of pons Varoli and medulla oblongata. The authors stress the necessitity of reconsidering the existing concepts of a dependence of EEG changed parameters upon the localization of the focus in the brain stem.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinical picture of non-traumatic apallic syndrome].

Clinical signs of non-traumatic apallic syndrome (AS) are caused by universal necrosis of the brain cortex, with the brain stem remaining intact. The reasons of AS are heart and respiration arrest, stable collapses of various genesis, vascular brain diseases. Management was ineffective. Strict AS prevention is necessary, i.e. timely and expert cardiorespiratory resuscitation. Intensive care and cardiorespiratory resuscitation are not recommended in patients with vast brain infarction secondary to brain vascular diseases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Apnea during sleep in syringobulbomyelia and Arnold-Chiari deformity].

Apnea in sleeping patients with syringobulbomyelia can be accounted for by damages in afferent and efferent impulsation from the respiratory centre due to cysts in medulla oblongata and spinal channel distension. Controlled lung ventilation has been applied to such patients in sleep for more than 8 years. In Arnold-Chiari syndrome apnea in sleep is associated with paroxysms of occlusive hydrocephalus. Periodic controlled lung ventilation during sleep is obligatory in these patients. Both nosological forms are characterized by lower sensitivity of the respiratory centre to hypoxia and hypercapnia. The nature of the pathological process is confirmed by magnetic resonance tomography.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗