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Biomedical subjects

L M Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to L M Pedersen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Influence of solvents, alcohol, smoking and age on biological tests.

The association between a number of blood and serum quantities and industrial organic solvent exposure and poisoning, alcohol consumption, smoking, and age was analysed in 277 subjects by multiple regression analysis. Solvent poisoning was associated with changes in S-creatine kinase concentrate at the P less than 0.001 level (higher if exposed, lower if non-exposed at the examination time). Solvent exposure seemed to potentiate the effects of smoking on B-hemoglobin conc. and B-erythrocyte volume fraction, and the effect of age on S-creatinine conc. at the P less than 0.05 level, while there was no interaction between alcohol consumption and solvents. Alcohol consumption in itself, as well as smoking and age, were highly significantly associated with changes in a large number of blood and serum quantities. There was no difference in the alcohol markers (mean erythrocyte volume = MCV, S-alanine aminotransferase and S-urate) in patients with solvent poisoning compared to healthy volunteers. The results indicate that studies on the effects of solvents of haematology and biochemistry are not valid unless the effects of alcohol, smoking and age are established; and that excessive alcohol consumption is an unlikely explanation for the symptoms of patients with solvent poisoning. The findings suggest that smoking and age may have combined effects with solvents.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of interval and postabortal/puerperal laparoscopic sterilization with the tubal ring procedure.

During a 5-year period, 344 women underwent laparoscopic sterilization with the tubal ring. Complications and failure rates were compared in intervals and postabortal/puerperal procedures. Only 9% were lost to follow-up, and 50% underwent a hysterosalpingoghraphy (HSG). The comparison of interval and postabortal/puerperal procedures showed no significant differences in complication rates, but postabortal/puerperal laparoscopy had a significantly lower failure rate than interval procedures (p less than 0.01). It was found that women whose laparoscopy was carried out despite peroperative complications had a significantly higher risk of sterilization failure (p less than 0.005). It is concluded that postabortal/puerperal laparoscopic sterilization with the tubal ring procedure is as safe as interval sterilization, and it is strongly recommended that peroperative complications with tubal ring sterilization should result in a reversion of the laparoscopy to a laparotomy and, if not, that the women be referred for HSG.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1984

Kinetics of white spirit in human fat and blood during short-term experimental exposure.

Seven volunteers were exposed to 100 p.p.m. white spirit (99% paraffins C8-C12) 6 hrs daily in 5 days. The mean concentration of white spirit after 5 days of exposure was 41.1 mg/kg fat (Friday afternoon). On the following Monday morning, the concentration was 31.7 mg/kg, i.e. only 23% had been eliminated during the exposure-free weekend. The estimated mean and median half-life was 7 and 8 days, respectively, elimination rate constant 0.0039 and 0.0036 hrs-1, time to reach steady state 5 to 8 weeks, maximal and minimal steady state concentration 85 and 66 mg/kg and 66 and 52 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration of white spirit in fat found each afternoon correlated significantly with the total dose. The concentration of white spirit/kg fat correlated positively with serum triglyceride and inversely with the percentage body fat (not significantly). The concentration of white spirit in the brain at steady state was estimated to maximum 11 mg/kg, while the half-life in the brain was estimated to maximum 18-19 hours. Minor differences occurred in the spectrometrical pattern produced by the in vivo biopsy evaporate as compared to in vitro specimens and white spirit vapours per se, thus indicating that the white spirit was slightly biotransformed or that the approximately 200 constituents of white spirit were absorbed differently. Thus, during exposure at the threshold limit value level, white spirit is accumulated in depot fat over weekends and in brain over working days. However, white spirit is almost eliminated from the brain during weekends.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical pattern in experimental exposure of humans to white spirit. I. The effects of a 6 hours single dose.

The effect of 6 hrs single exposure to white spirit on the concentration of S-alpha-amylase, S-cholesterol, S-triglyceride, S-sodium, S-potassium, S-creatine kinase, S-orosomucoid, S-urate, and S-glucose was analysed in 12 volunteers 6 and 48 hrs after start of exposure. After exposure to 0 p.p.m. and 100 p.p.m. of each of three white spirits containing 99% paraffins or 52% paraffins and 48% naphthenes, or 57% paraffins, 25% naphthenes and 18% aromatics, respectively, the only significant changes were a decrease in S-alpha-amylase concentration and S-Potassium concentration by 9% (P less than 0.05) 48 hrs after exposure to the white spirit high in naphthenes. This type also caused the highest blood concentration. In a subsequent study on exposure to 0, 50, 100, and 200 p.p.m. of the spirit high in naphthenes the only significant dose-response relationship was that the concentration of S-alpha-amylase decreased 7% (P less than 0.05) after 6 hrs, and S-urate decreased 4% (P less than 0.05%) after 48 hrs as the doses increased. No changes in subjective symptoms were found. Thus, even at low levels, white spirit high in naphthenes appears to result in subtle biological effects prior to the appearance of symptoms of poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical pattern in experimental exposure of humans to white spirit. II. The effects of repetitive exposures.

The concentration of P-immunoglobulins (P-IgG, P-IgA, P-IgM), P-orosomucoid, S-creatine kinase (S-CK), and S-follicle stimulating hormone (S-FSH) was investigated in seven subjects exposed to 100 p.p.m. white spirit, 6 hrs daily during 5 days while 5 subjects were used as unexposed controls. The mean values for S-CK concentration in the exposed group increased significantly with 59% and 76% above the base-line (O-hr value) 96 hrs and 168 hrs, respectively, after the start of the exposure (P less than 0.05), while the mean values for S-FSH concentration decreased significantly to 11% and 9% below the base-line after 24 hrs and 96 hrs (P less than 0.05), respectively. S-CK concentration and S-FSH concentration in the control group remained unchanged. A marked interindividual and intraindividual variance in S-CK concentration and S-FSH concentration was observed. No changes in the concentration of immunoglobulins and orosomucoid were observed in both groups during the experiment. The mechanisms for the changes are at present only speculative, but solvent induced changes in muscle cell membranes with subsequent enzyme leakage seem the most reasonable explanation for the increase in S-CK concentration, while an effect on the hypothalamic FSH releasing hormone may explain the decrease in S-FSH concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Clinical and hormonal characteristics in women with anovulation and insulin-treated diabetes mellitus.

Clinical characteristics and basal hormonal parameters related to ovulatory function were investigated in 22 diabetic patients with anovulation (group 1) and in nine normally menstruating diabetic patients (group 2) and 45 nondiabetic patients with anovulation (group 3). No significant differences according to control of the diabetes were demonstrated within the two diabetic groups. Groups 1 and 3 did not differ according to classification of anovulation. Group 1 had significantly (P less than 0.01) lower levels of prolactin (PRL), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), thyrotropin (TSH), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) than those of group 3, and significantly (P less than 0.01) lower levels of E2 and TSH than those of group 2. The urinary excretion of cortisol was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P less than 0.05) and group 3 (P less than 0.01). These data suggest a derangement in pituitary-gonadal feedback mechanisms or a depression of pituitary function in anovulatory diabetic patients, and we hypothesize that an increased central/peripheral dopamine and/or cortisol activity in these patients may to some extent influence the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The haematological and biochemical pattern in occupational organic solvent poisoning and exposure.

A haematological and biochemical investigation was undertaken in 122 consecutive male patients with suspected organic solvent poisoning due to exposure to a mixture of organic solvents such as turpentine, toluene and xylene. Sixty-four healthy solvent exposed and 91 healthy non-exposed male volunteers were used as controls. The only statistically significant differences were that in the patients (B)-leucocytes and S-creatinine were lower than in the controls. (B)-monocytes were higher in all exposed groups than in the controls. S-creatine kinase was higher in patients actually exposed at the examination time, than in all other groups. B-hemoglobin, B-erythrocytes, (B)-Erc-reticulocytes, (B)-hematocrit, (B)-MCHC, (B)-MCV, (B)-Lkcs-differential count except monocytes, (B)-thrombocytes, B-sedimentation rate, P-orosomucoid, P-immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM), S-alanine amino transferase, S-urate, U-glucose, U-albumin and U-hemoglobin were unchanged. It is concluded that there was no characteristic haematological and biochemical pattern that could be of value in the individual diagnosis of organic solvent poisoning. The patients and the controls were seen as out-patients. In all groups studied, more than 10% of the results of reticulocytes, leucocytes, sedimentation rate, orosomucoid and creatine kinase exceeded the upper level of the reference interval, which is based on in-patients. New reference intervals for these 5 analyses, valid for ambulantly examined subjects, should be worked out.

Adult↗