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Biomedical subjects

L M Levy

Publications and source records attributed to L M Levy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The pattern of haematological and lymphoreticular malignancy in Zimbabwe.

A 3-year prospective study undertaken in Harare, Zimbabwe, revealed that the relative frequencies of lymphoreticular and haematological malignancies were similar to those of Western countries, and fitted well into the African pattern except that Hodgkin's disease was relatively less and myeloma relatively more frequent. The distribution of non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's lymphoma in Zimbabwe corresponds well with the overall trend in Africa, i.e. with the proportion of Hodgkin's disease increasing and that of non-Hodgkin's disease (particularly Burkitt's lymphoma) decreasing on moving away from the equator. The age incidence pattern for Hodgkin's disease was bimodal with the largest peak in adolescence and early adulthood. Disease in very young children was uncommon. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the picture was similar to elsewhere in Africa, except that Burkitt's lymphoma was uncommon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

111Indium-tropolone labeled human PMNs: a rapid method of preparation and evaluation of labeling parameters.

Pure polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) have been isolated from a small amount of human blood by a single-step density gradient centrifugation method using a commercially available Ficoll-Hypaque mixture of density 1.114. The cells were labelled with [111In]tropolone in both buffer and plasma. Cell viability, ability to generate superoxide anion, and chemotaxis were found to be unaltered both before and after labeling. The optimum tropolone concentration for labeling was found to be 1 X 10(-4) M. Labeling efficiency was higher at 37 degrees C than at room temperature. Compared to [111In]oxine, tropolone preparation both in buffer and plasma resulted in consistently higher yields. Preliminary experiments of in vivo cell viability of the labeled PMNs were carried out in rabbits. The ability of the cells to localize in experimentally produced inflammatory lesions was found to be intact. The method of cell separation and labeling described has been found to be simple and rapid and could easily be incorporated in routine nuclear medicine laboratory practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Use of a gamma camera to estimate bone mineral content based on the dual-photon technique.

Bone mineral content evaluations using a point source of 153Gd of strength 100 mCi or less and a Siemens large field of view gamma camera equipped with a converging collimator is reported. Both 44 and 100 ke V images are digitised in 128 x 128 matrices and processed in a Siemens MicroDelta System attached to a VAX 11-750 computer. Shorter imaging time, low source strength and the usage of existing nuclear medicine equipment are the major highlights of the technique. The effective focal distance (EFD) of the collimator used is experimentally determined with a 57Co source and found to be 75 cm. Focal distances are also calculated from measured values of magnification factors at different points on the collimator face to assess the degree of misalignment of converging holes. Due to the high count rate of the system, corrections for dead time losses and image shrinkages are applied. Two additional low-activity point sources of 153Gd, which serve as live time meters of the system, are used for this purpose. In addition, due to the non-homogeneity of the converging collimator, uniformity corrections for each field of view are found to be essential. In external standards made of various amounts of hydroxyapatite, a correlation coefficient greater than 0.990 with a standard error of the estimate (SEE) 0.0225 is obtained between measured and actual values. In a limited clinical trial, high-resolution images of human spines are acquired and quantitative estimates of bone mineral content are evaluated.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1986

Morphologic and functional changes in the kidney after percutaneous nephrosto-lithotomy.

Morphology and function of the kidney were studied before and after percutaneous stone extraction in 33 patients with unilateral calculus disease to assess damage secondary to the extraction procedures. Anatomic changes were studied using excretory urography before the procedure and at 3 to 6 months postoperatively, and using nephrostograms and noncontrast nephrotomograms several days after the procedure. Renal function was evaluated with radionuclide renography both before surgery and at either 4 to 6 weeks or about 1 year postoperatively. Six patients had early changes detected clinically and with nephrostograms, but only three of these had abnormalities on delayed excretory urography. Significant changes in renal function were found only in those patients who had clinically detectable complications (p less than 0.05), in one case before symptoms were manifest.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The Community Alcohol Use Scale: a scale for use in prevention programs.

The Community Alcohol Use Scale (CAUS) was developed as a continuous, reliable, valid, and acceptable measure for primary prevention studies. Items were written following a comprehensive review of the literature on alcohol dependence and alcoholism. Based upon the responses of 315 respondents to the 100-item initial version of the scale, the 45-item CAUS was developed. The CAUS was then cross-validated on a local sample (n = 274) and a provincial sample (n = 745). Estimates of internal consistency were .91, .96, and .94, respectively, for the initial and cross-validation samples. Correlations of .48 and .69 were obtained between the CAUS and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test for the initial and local cross-validation samples. In the provincial cross-validation sample a correlation of .62 was obtained between the CAUS and the Usual Weekly Alcohol Index. Preliminary cutting scores were developed to identify those at risk for alcoholism, and alcoholics. The CAUS has potential use as an evaluative and predictive instrument in a variety of primary prevention programs.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

An unusual case of flexion injury of the cervical spine.

An atypical case of flexion injury to the cervical cord is presented and discussed. Flexion injuries in general are reviewed, concentrating on the mechanism of injury and the pathological changes seen in such cases. To further illustrate the pathological changes that may occur, specimens from 5 patients with fatal acute flexion lesions are shown.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

A computerized system for control and management of radionuclide inventory: application in nuclear medicine.

An interactive computerized system for radioisotope management and instantaneous inventory is reported. The system is capable of handling operations such as filing, nuclear imaging and disposing of various radionuclides. All radiopharmaceutical transactions are achieved with the aid of a Prime 300 mini-computer of 192K words of high speed semi-conductor memory and over 120 mega bytes of disk storage. The system automatically corrects for the appropriate decay, monitors and updates the storage file after every subsequent study. The performed study is recorded in a special file, together with the time and data retrieved from the computer's real time clock at the time of the entry. The system provides an organized and complete bookkeeping of all records concerning radionuclide transactions. It is found to be simple, efficient, highly versatile, and drastically reduces the time of operation and errors in handling the radioisotope inventory.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Once-daily atenolol in hypertensive Zimbabwean blacks. A double-blind trial using two different doses.

A double-blind within-patient study was carried out on Zimbabwean Blacks to investigate the effect of once-daily atenolol on hypertension in doses of 100 and 200 mg/d. Atenolol 200 mg produced significant changes in diastolic pressure readings taken in the supine and standing positions and after exercise; with atenolol 100 mg modest but non-significant changes occurred. These findings are less impressive than those previously reported in White subjects. We conclude that beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents should not be used as drugs of first choice for hypertension in our Black population.

Adult↗