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Biomedical subjects

L M Franks

Publications and source records attributed to L M Franks.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Localization of species cross-reactive epithelium and urothelium specific antigens in the urinary tract of the rat, mouse, hamster and guinea pig.

Antiserum from a New Zealand white rabbit raised against the saline soluble fraction of calf bladder epithelium was absorbed to produce epithelial and urothelial specific stages. With indirect immunofluorescence antiepithelial antiserum reacted with all cell layers of the urothelium of a rat, mouse, hamster and guinea pig in all regions of the urinary tract, and in the epithelium of the renal pyramid and tubules. The most intense reaction in the urothelium was seen in the superficial cells of the rat and mouse but in the intermediate cells of the guinea pig. Urothelium specific antigens were demonstrated predominantly in the superficial cells of the urothelium as far as the fornix of the renal pelvis but not in the renal pyramids or tubules in all these rodents except for the guinea pig.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A rapid method for accurate DNA measurements in single cells in situ using a simple microfluorimeter and Hoechst 33258 as a quantitative fluorochrome.

A method is described for the rapid, accurate measurement of single cells in situ using microfluorimetry. This method involves a shutter system, which allows irradiation of single cells for fractions of a second and a peak fluorescence intensity recording device. In this way errors due to fluorochrome fading are almost eliminated and standard deviations of less than 5% are obtained. Hoechst 33258 has been used as a quantitative fluorochrome. Optimum fixation and staining conditions on glass and plastic tissue culture vessels are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cancer and ageing.

Tissue culture and transplantation techniques can be used to analyse the relationship between ageing and cancer. In vitro transformation experiments show that the transformation frequency in mesenchymal cells and salivary gland epithelium does not seem to be age-associated but in the bladder old epithelium can be transformed much more frequently than young. Preliminary transplantation experiments confirm this relationship. These experiments suggest that the increased age susceptibility is tissue dependent.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Effects of donor age on neoplastic transformation of adult mouse bladder epithelium in vitro.

Neoplastic transformation of C57BL/lcrf-a' mouse bladder epithelium was induced in long-term primary cultures by a single 24-hour treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene on day 2 of culture. Transformed foci appeared earlier (40--60 days) and at a higher frequency (28%) in cultures from old donors (28--30 mo) compared with 100 days and 0.9% in cultures from young adult donors (5--7 mo). After transplantation into syngeneic mice, transformed cells produced carcinomas. Spontaneous epithelial transformation occurred in dimethyl sulfoxide-treated old cultures after the same interval (40--60 days) as in the carcinogen-treated cultures but at a lower frequency (5.3%). Spontaneous epithelial transformation did not occur in cultures from young donors.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1979

Species cross-reacting epithelial and urothelial specific antigens in human fetal, adult, and neoplastic bladder epithelium.

Antiserum from a New Zealand White rabbit was raised against the saline-soluble fraction of homogenates of calf urinary bladder epithelium. After absorption, with human red blood cells, human, calf, and mouse sera, and nonepithelial organs, this antiserum was specific for all human epithelia tested. Further absorptions with nonurinary tract epithelia rendered the antiserum specific for urothelium. Species cross-reactivity was seen between the superficial cell layers of calf, human fetal, and adult bladder epithelia. The antigen appeared to be cytoplasmic and was also present (although to a lesser extent) in human bladder tumor biopsy specimens and human bladder tumor cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

"Epithelial" foci of presumptive neural origin in cultures of normal mouse colon.

Patches of cells, which at the light-microscope level appear to be epithelial, persist for several months in cultures of normal mouse colon. Ultrastructural studies showed that these cells were nerve-associated and were probably derived from the Schwann cell-satellite cell group. True epithelial cells all died out within the first 2 wk of culture, and epithelial cell lines could not be established.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A cell line from an induced carcinoma of mouse rectum.

A tissue culture cell line has been established from one out of seven induced carcinomas of mouse large intestine. The cells have an epithelial morphology and form tumour acini in vitro. Electron microscopy shows that the cells have retained some differentiated characters, including junctional complexes and microvilli with attached glycoprotein strands both in the acini and at the free margins of the cell sheets.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The structure of tumours derived from mouse submandibular gland epithelium transformed in vitro.

The morphology and ultrastructure of 48 primary tumours established from 5 cell lines of adult mouse salivary gland epithelial cells transformed in vitro are described. Tumours from 4 of the cells lines were adenocarcinomas with a wide range of structural variation, and resembled human salivary gland carcinomas. The fifth cell line produced tumours with carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructure and biological markers of neoplastic change in adult mouse epithelial cells transformed in vitro.

The ultrastructure and in vitro growth properties of 5 tumorigenic mouse submandibular-gland epithelial cell lines were studied. In all lines, in vitro acinus formation occurred, and well differentiated epithelial cells showing epithelial microvilli and desmosomes and cytoplasmic tonofilaments were present. None of the cells showed specific ultratructural features of the normal differentiated submandibular-gland ducts. All the lines formed colonies in semi-solid agar and on confluent monolayers of BALB/c 3T3 cells, and all lacked density-dependent inhibition of growth, as demonstrated by a random distribution of [3H]TdR labelling throughout growing colonies. These 3 growth properties appear to be reliable in vitro markers for epithelial neoplastic transformation in this system, but colony-forming efficiency in agar is lower than that reported for many transformed mesenchymal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Latent carcinoma of prostate at autopsy in seven areas. The International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, France.

A world-wide comparative study of the frequency and characteristics of latent carcinoma of the prostate was undertaken in seven areas, using standardized methods and "blind" microscopic evaluation in order to reduce selection and observer bias. The morphological features of 350 latent carcinomas found in 1,327 prostates were examined. Two Chinese populations, from Hong Kong and Singapore, showed a low frequency of latent carcinoma in comparison with western Europeans in Sweden and the Federal Republic of Germany and negroes from Jamaica; an intermediate position was found for Israelis and black Ugandans. The frequency of small latent carcinomas was about 12% in all the areas investigated and did not vary with age. Rates for larger latent carcinomas increased sharply with age ans showed an area-to-area variation resembling that of clinical carcinoma of prostate. The small carcinomas were almost exclusively situated in the outer half of the prostate and latent carcinomas of all sizes were evenly distributed between the anterior and posterior halves of the prostate and the right and left sides of the outer prostatic shell. Certain disagreements in diagnosis were noted when the sections from each area were evaluated independently by a different pathologist. Most of these disagreements were resolved by re-reading the sections; their occurrence had no significant effect on the geographical comparisons.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Alkaline phosphatase in mitochondria.

In electron microscope cytochemical studies alkaline phosphatase activity was present in the mitochondria of all liver cells and associated with the plasma membrane of the cells of bile canaliculi. The mitochondrial activity was partially inhibited by L-phenylalanine and Levamisole but the plasma membrane associated activity was completely inhibited by Levamisole. Biochemical assays have shown that a significant amount of the total mouse liver alkaline phosphatase activity was present in the mitochondria fraction. Starch gel electrophoresis showed that this mitochondrial alkaline phosphatase had a characteristic isoenzyme pattern, consisting of 3 distinct bands which were not retarded by neuraminidase treatment. The enzyme in the mitochondria-free supernatant showed one wide band which was retarded by neuraminidase.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Alkaline phosphatase phenotypes in tumour and non-tumour cell lines: not an invariable marker for neoplastic transformation.

The cytochemical localisation and presumed isoenzyme type (based on selective inhibition experiments) of alkaline phosphatase in 5 cell lines derived frrom normal human, rat, mouse and hamster tissues, 6 human lymphoblastoid lines and 6 human and mouse tumour-derived cell lines are described. Enzyme activity varied between the cell lines. An isoenzyme inhibited by L-phenylalanine was present in 3 normal lines, 3 lymphoblastoid lines and 2 tumour lines. The presence of this isoenzyme cannot be used as a marker of neoplastic transformation.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗