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Biomedical subjects

L Ling

Publications and source records attributed to L Ling.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Expression of Ia and monocyte-macrophage lineage antigens in giant cell tumor of bone and related lesions.

An immunohistochemical study of six giant cell tumors of bone and eight related lesions (aneurysmal bone cyst, fibrous histiocytoma, and giant cell tumor of tendon sheath) was performed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed to the Ia and monocyte-macrophage lineage antigens. In all types of lesion, osteoclastlike multinucleate giant cells were negative for both types of antigen, but a proportion of mononuclear cells gave positive reactions. While the possibility that these cells are reactive cannot be excluded, in giant cell tumor and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, their frequency and their morphologic similarity to the rest of the tissue suggest that they may be an intrinsic part of the neoplasm. This finding is consistent with the presumed fibrohistiocytic nature of these tumors.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

Magnification factors and the organization of the human striate cortex.

We review the evidence relating to the organization of the human striate cortex to determine whether the latter is organized in a way similar to that of the macaque monkey. There are only limited data available to allow direct determination of the magnification factors in human striate cortex. These suggest that the linear magnification factor is about 1.6 times greater than that in the macaque. This is consistent with the observations that the human striate cortex, compared to that of the macaque, has over 2 times the area, has neurones with longer dendrites, wider ocular dominance columns and more widely separated cytochrome oxidase "blobs". The striate cortices in both species have the same total number of neurones. The foveal magnification factor in the macaque is presently believed to be about 15 mm.deg-1; it seems reasonable, therefore, to believe that the human foveal value will be about 20-25 mm.deg-1 rather than the value of 8-11 mm.deg-1 which is currently accepted. Magnification factor falls more rapidly with eccentricity than do current estimates.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Anal sphincter function after delivery rupture.

Questionnaires were sent to 63 women with anal sphincter rupture that occurred during vaginal delivery two to seven years earlier. Half of them had significant trouble, such as incontinence for gas, dyspareunia, and pain. We performed anal pressure profilometry in 14 of these women and in ten controls for comparison, and found a significant reduced strength in the external anal sphincters of the studied group. When anal sphincter rupture extended through the rectal mucosa, the internal sphincter strength was also reduced. The persisting signs and symptoms of anal dysfunction indicate that women with anal sphincter rupture need more attention and follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Incisional infection after colorectal surgery in obese patients.

In a prospective study of 189 colorectal operations, the subcutaneous fat layer in the abdominal incisional wound was measured for correlation with wound infection. The infection rate was 20% when the fat layer was greater than or equal to 3.5 cm and 6.8% when the thickness was less than or equal to 3 cm (statistically significant difference). This c. threefold rise indicates that in obese patients special attention should be directed to antibiotic and other prophylaxis against incisional infection.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin in giant-cell tumor of bone and in other lesions that contain giant cells.

We performed an immunohistochemical study of 24 giant-cell tumors of bone and 30 other lesions (fibrous histiocytoma, nonossifying fibroma, and giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath) using lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin as markers for histiocytic cells. The presence of histiocytic cells in giant-cell tumors of bone is confirmed by the finding of a positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin in both multinucleate giant cells and mononuclear stromal cells in some cases. It is not clear whether the positive cells are to be regarded as neoplastic or reactive and alpha 1-antitrypsin is not considered as a diagnostically useful marker for giant-cell tumor of bone. In malignant fibrous histiocytoma, too, histiocytic cells could be identified by their positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin; some of these cells had the morphologic features of tumor cells. Cells with a positive reaction for lysozyme were rarely found, except in giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Recurrence and survival after anterior resection of the rectum using the end to end anastomotic stapler.

With the introduction of the end to end anastomotic stapler there has been an increase in the number of sphincter saving resections for carcinoma of the middle and distal part of the rectum. The results of earlier reports have indicated an increasing number of local recurrences possibly due to less extensive dissection of the lower pelvic area. Ninety-six patients, 46 males and 50 females, with a median age of 68 years (a range in age of 33 to 86 years) were operated upon between 1978 and 1981 for carcinoma of the rectum with anterior resection and stapled anastomosis have been analyzed. All patients were observed for more than three years (a median of 65 months and a range of 36 to 82 months). The hospital mortality rate was 5 per cent. The median distal margin was 2.5 centimeters (a range of 1 to 10 centimeters). Local recurrences occurred in 17 patients. No correlation between the grade of malignant disease and classification according to Dukes' staging and local recurrence was found. The median time between operation and the diagnosis of a local recurrence was 14 months (two to 62 months). Distant metastases developed in 14 of 83 patients who underwent operation for cure. The over-all five year survival rate was 64 per cent. The survival rate for 83 patients who underwent operation for cure was 71 per cent (96 per cent of Dukes' A, 72 per cent for Dukes' B, 45 per cent for Dukes' C and zero per cent for Dukes' D). It is concluded that the use of stapling devices has not been followed by a higher rate of local recurrence or a decreased five year survival rate and that this new technique can be used whenever technically possible.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Sources of influence on infant feeding practices in Hong Kong.

The breastfeeding rate in Hong Kong is low compared to the rates in Western countries. To understand the relative importance of different sources of influence on infant feeding practices, 714 Chinese mothers with infants aged 4 weeks to 6 months were studied. It was found that the bottlefeeding mothers were influenced more by the medical professionals who did not support breastfeeding. This influence was further reinforced by the mass media and particularly television advertisements on infant formulae. The successful breastfeeding mothers, on the other hand, were influenced more by their social networks through which they were told of the dangers of bottlefeeding. The failed breastfeeding mothers differed from the other groups in the lack of support they experienced from friends and relatives. Although they received professional encouragement to breastfeed, they were more sheltered from the influence of mass media and social networks. From these findings, it is suggested that different sources of influence are related to different feeding practices. However, to be able to continue with the practice that one has chosen, the availability of social support is essential. Implications of these findings are discussed and several recommendations to promote breastfeeding are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The (Na,K)-ATPase of Friend erythroleukemia cells is phosphorylated near the ATP hydrolysis by an endogenous membrane-bound kinase.

Friend murine erythroleukemia cells (MEL cells) contain a cAMP-independent protein kinase which phosphorylates the 100,000-Da catalytic subunit of the (Na,K)-ATPase both in living cells and in the purified plasma membrane (Yeh, L.-A., Ling, L., English, L., and Cantley, L. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 6567-6574). We have taken advantage of the selective phosphorylation of the 100,000-Da subunit in purified plasma membranes and the similarity between the proteolysis patterns of the MEL cell and dog kidney (Na,K)-ATPase to map the site of kinase phosphorylation on the MEL cell enzyme. The chymotryptic and tryptic cleavage sites of the dog kidney (Na,K)-ATPase have previously been located (Castro, J., and Farley, R. A. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 2221-2228). The 100,000-Da catalytic subunits of the dog kidney and MEL cell enzymes were specifically labeled at the active site aspartate residue by incubation with (32P)orthophosphate in the presence of Mg2+ and ouabain. Digestion of these two enzymes with chymotrypsin or trypsin revealed similar active site aspartate containing proteolytic fragments indicating a similar structure for the two enzymes. Chymotryptic digestions of MEL cell (Na,K)-ATPase labeled in vitro with [gamma-32P]ATP localize the region of kinase phosphorylation to within a 35,000-Da peptide derived from the middle of the 100,000-Da subunit. Tryptic digestion of the MEL cell plasma membranes degraded the 100,000-Da subunit to an NH2-terminal 43,000-Da peptide which contained the active site aspartate but which did not contain the kinase-labeled region. These results further locate the region of kinase phosphorylation to the COOH-terminal half of the 35,000-Da chymotryptic peptide. This location places the site of phosphorylation between the active site aspartate residue which accepts the phosphate of ATP during turnover and an ATP-binding site which has previously been located by labeling with fluorescein 5'-isothiocyanate (Carilli, C. T., Farley, R. A., Perlman, D. M., and Cantley, L. C. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 5601-5606). Phosphorylation of the (Na,K)-ATPase in this region may serve to regulate the activity of this enzyme.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1984

A controlled trial of a plastic wound ring drape to prevent contamination and infection in colorectal surgery.

A controlled, randomized study of the efficacy of a plastic wound ring drape (Opdrape, Triplus) to prevent contamination and infection in elective colorectal operations is reported. Seventy patients were operated upon with the wound ring drape and 70 patients without. All patients received preoperative systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. Abdominal wound infection was observed in seven of 70 (10 per cent) patients with the wound ring drape and six of 70 (9 per cent) without (N.S.). An operative swab for bacteriologic evaluation was obtained from 85 per cent of the wounds. There was no evidence that the drape protected the wound from contamination with intestinal bacterial flora. It was concluded that the wound ring drape prevents neither contamination nor infection.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Hartmann procedure.

The Hartmann procedure has been performed in 42 patients during a ten-year period. It is considered a good alternative in the emergency operative treatment for perforated diverticulas, perforated sigmoid cancer, anastomotic disrupture after an anterior resection or in ileus caused by stricturating colorectal cancer. It is also useful as an alternative in elective operations when there are unexpected difficulties in establishing colorectal continuity, as well as a palliative operation for advanced colorectal cancer. The overall operative mortality in the present series was 14%. Colorectal continuity could be reestablished in 13 of the 18 patients where it was attempted.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Perforation of the small intestine in early postlaparotomy course.

In three patients with signs of abdominal catastrophe four to five days after abdominal surgery, a repeat laparotomy disclosed perforation of the small intestine. Causes of small-bowel perforation are discussed and possible mechanisms are proposed for the three presented cases--iatrogenic perforation, compression injury, deep sutures and thermal injury.

Adult↗