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Biomedical subjects

L Levy

Publications and source records attributed to L Levy.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Susceptibility of strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated prior to 1977 from patients with previously untreated lepromatous leprosy.

Because of the recent spate of reports of primary resistance to dapsone among patients with lepromatous leprosy, largely to small concentrations of the drug, a survey was made of the results of dapsone-susceptibility testing of strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated before 1977 among six laboratories which employed the mouse foot pad technique for this work prior to that time. Data have been found for strains that had been isolated from 73 patients, representing 19 countries and dependencies, with previously untreated lepromatous leprosy; all 73 strains were inhibited from multiplication by dapsone administered to mice in a concentration of 0.0001 g per 100 g mouse diet. These data suggest that the properties of M. leprae isolated from previously untreated patients with respect to susceptibility to dapsone have changed since the years preceding 1977.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Recovery of the murine mononuclear phagocytic system following chronic exposure to cadmium.

Consistent with our previously reported findings, chronic ingestion of cadmium chloride in drinking water by mice caused a decrease in the rate of circulation clearance of 51Cr-labeled sheep red blood cells (E) and IgG-coated E (E-IgG) due to a decrease in the localization of E and E-IgG in the liver. These decreases reached their nadirs after 15 weeks of cadmium ingestion and remained relatively constant for up to one year during continued ingestion of cadmium. Replacement of the drinking water containing cadmium with regular tap water resulted within 8 days in an improvement in the ability of the mice to clear E and E-IgG. Mice also had a decreased ability to develop delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions while being given cadmium; this abnormality also returned toward normal after withdrawal of cadmium. The return of these two responses toward control levels occurred while there was still a large organ burden of cadmium that was not measurably different from that at cessation of cadmium ingestion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Effect of metoclopramide--a dopaminergic blocker and endogenous cortisol on TSH secretion in critically ill men.

In 17 critically ill men, low levels of FT4, TT4, TT3 and elevated levels of rT3 and cortisol were found. In spite of the low levels of circulating thyroid hormones, TSH levels of the critically ill men were significantly lower than those of the control group, with no correlations to the high cortisol levels. After iv injection of metoclopramide (MCP), a dopamine (DA) receptor blocker, the TSH and prolactin (Prl) increments in the critically ill patients were significantly lower than in the controls. No correlation was observed between basal cortisol levels and integrated TSH response to MCP. It is suggested that increased DA tone or high cortisol levels are not responsible for the lower basal TSH levels and for the blunted TSH or Prl responses to MCP in the critically ill. High levels of cortisol may be responsible for the altered TT4 peripheral metabolism to TT3 and rT3 in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Delayed onset of traumatic extradural hematoma.

During a 4 1/2-year period, seven patients with delayed onset of an extradural hematoma were seen among 80 consecutively treated cases of extradural hematoma for a frequency of 8.75%. The hematomas were insignificant or not present on initial computerized tomography (CT) scanning. Repeat CT scans within 24 hours of admission showed sizeable hemorrhages. Six hematomas were evacuated, and one was reabsorbed spontaneously. In only one patient did neurological deterioration herald the onset of the extradural hematoma, four patients remained unchanged, and two improved before diagnosis. Intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored in five patients, four of whom showed intermittent rise in pressure despite preventive treatment. Intracranial hypotension and rapid recovery from peripheral vascular collapse seemed to be contributory factors in the delayed onset of an extradural hematoma. Awareness of this entity, a high degree of vigilance, ICP monitoring, and repeat CT scanning within 24 hours of injury are strongly recommended in these cases, especially after decompression by either surgical or medical means, recovery from shock, or whenever there is evidence of even minimal bleeding under a skull fracture on the initial CT scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Strong cash flow, balance sheet, management, key to capital needs. Symposium on Healthcare Directions: the capital financing imperative.

For a full day, 10 individuals representing varied health fields and viewpoints within the healthcare industry discussed a number of topics confronting health care and predicted what the environment is likely to be in three years (see accompanying sidebars for symposium participants and purpose). This article focuses on one of the symposium topics, capital availability and financing, and the implications in a time of declining utilization.

Capital Financing↗
PubMed1985

Blood clearance and tissue localization of soluble aggregates of IgG in NZB/W and NZB mice.

We studied the capacity of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) of NZB/W and NZB mice to clear trace and saturating doses of soluble heat-aggregates of IgG (A-IgG) from the blood. Mature female NZB/W mice (aged 5-7 months) with early glomerulonephritis showed no differences in MPS clearance of A-IgG compared with younger NZB/W mice without glomerulonephritis. In contrast, mature NZB mice had a more rapid clearance of A-IgG and greater MPS localization of A-IgG than their younger counterparts. Further studies showed that older NZB/W mice (greater than 10 months) had a slightly more rapid clearance of A-IgG than 2-5-month-old mice (t 1/2 = 3.34 +/- 0.27 SEM vs 3.76 +/- 0.34 SEM, P less than 0.01), whereas NZB mice mice older than 10 months of age had a markedly more rapid clearance than 2-5-month-old NZB mice (t 1/2 = 2.84 +/- 0.15 SEM vs 3.76 +/- 0.32, P less than 0.005). The more rapid clearance seen in NZB mice was partly explained by greater splenic localization of A-IgG and appeared to be restricted to Fc- and/or C3b-receptor mediated clearance, in that clearance of aggregated albumin was not changed. We conclude that NZB/W mice have no impairment in MPS clearance capacity at the onset of their glomerulonephritis, and slightly increased clearance capacity late in the course of their disease. Thus, the presence of circulating immune complexes and the development of glomerulonephritis in NZB/W mice is unlikely to be due to a diminished MPS clearance capacity. NZB mice have an increase in MPS capacity to clear A-IgG as a function of age.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Foley catheter calcification.

This type of calcification must be differentiated from bladder wall calcification. It can be an unexplained source of fever and infection in neurologically damaged individuals. The occurrence of Foley catheter calcification emphasizes the need for periodic catheter change, periodic irrigation, the appropriate choice of catheter and attention to diet, particularly calcium intake.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An outbreak of meningococcal disease: implications for community medicine.

A local outbreak of five hospitalised cases of meningococcal disease, one of which was fatal, occurred over a period of three weeks in a small community in one health district. The events surrounding this outbreak illustrate many of the problems of dealing with the community medicine aspects of potentially serious infectious disease. Difficulties in the management of the outbreak are identified and contributing factors discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The transfusion of HLA-matched platelets to thrombocytopenic patients resistant to random donor platelets.

Histocompatibility (HLA) matched platelet concentrates, harvested from voluntary donors by plateletpheresis using blood cell separators, were used in the treatment of 14 thrombocytopenic patients who had become unresponsive to the transfusion of random platelet concentrates. In all patients bleeding stopped. Platelet concentrates contained a mean of 3.56 X 10(11) platelets/l. The average increase in platelet count was 33 X 10(9)/l. The use of HLA matched platelet transfusions should be considered in bleeding thrombocytopenic patients refractory to the transfusion of random platelets.

Adolescent↗