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Biomedical subjects

L Lerner

Publications and source records attributed to L Lerner.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Prevalence of antibodies to rotavirus in different age-groups of infants in Bochum, West Germany.

We studied the prevalence of antibody to rotavirus in 386 serum samples obtained from different age-groups of infants in Bochum, West Germany. Cord sera mirrored the IgG titer and serotype specificity of the corresponding maternal sera. IgG antibody prevalence decreased with age, reached a minimum between four and 12 months, and increased thereafter. IgM antibodies appeared first in the eight- to 12-month age-group, and IgM prevalence remained high thereafter. The serum level of IgA was low in all age-groups. Significant prevalence increases with increasing age were observed for neutralizing antibodies to rotavirus serotypes 1 and 3. Antibodies to serotype 4 had not reached adult level at 2.5 y of age. Prevalence of antibodies to serotype 2 was low in all age-groups. The percentage of monospecific sera neutralizing only one serotype was high in young infants eight to 12 months of age and decreased significantly with increasing age.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Seroconversion patterns to four human rotavirus serotypes in hospitalized infants with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis.

We studied rotavirus-specific antibodies in paired sera from 71 hospitalized infants with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis. Most of the infants were less than six months old. Infants with serological evidence of a secondary rotavirus infection were excluded. With an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 46% of the 71 infants studied showed specific IgM in convalescent sera. Titers of specific IgG and IgA increased in 7% and 2% of the infants, respectively. The presence of specific IgM correlated positively with age and severity of clinical symptoms. With a neutralization test, 59% of the infants showed a seroconversion: 20% to a single serotype (7% to serotype 1, 7% to serotype 3, and 6% to serotype 4), 21% seroconverted to two serotypes (nearly exclusively to serotypes 1 and 3), and 18% seroconverted to three serotypes (exclusively to serotypes 1, 3, and 4). No infant seroconverted to serotype 2 or to the heterologous (bovine) serotype 6.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Application of new, high-sensitivity, 1H-13C-n.m.r.-spectral techniques to the study of oligosaccharides.

Four n.m.r. methods that are especially useful for characterization of oligosaccharides are applied to the trisaccharide alpha-Neu5Ac-(2----3)-beta-Gal-(1----4)-Glc (1). Three of these are two-dimensional, heteronuclear methods that provide chemical-shift correlation maps having much higher sensitivity than was previously possible, because they rely on indirect observation of 13C via 1H detection. These methods are used to assign, completely, the 1H- and 13C-n.m.r. spectra of both anomers of the trisaccharide. In addition to these two-dimensional methods, a one-dimensional method is used to measure 1H-1H coupling-constants accurately within each sugar ring. The values of the coupling constants thus measured for 1 are evidence that the conformations of the individual sugar rings are not affected by linkage into the trisaccharide.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Use of bovine milk concentrate containing antibody to rotavirus to treat rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants.

The use of a concentrate containing milk immunoglobulins prepared from rotavirus-hyperimmunized cows (neutralization titer, 1:6,000 for a 10% solution) to treat infants hospitalized for acute rotavirus gastroenteritis resulted in a significant (P = .008) reduction in the duration of excretion of virus. Stool samples from treated infants showed the presence of bovine milk immunoglobulins in 47% of cases and of neutralizing activity in 43% (mean neutralization titer, 1:48); stool samples from control infants showed neutralizing activities in only 3% of cases (neutralization titers, less than 1:20). Immunoelectrophoresis of stool extracts revealed fragment A, a bovine analogue of F(ab')2 or Fab, as the major product of in vitro and in vivo digestion of the immunoglobulins. Cessation of excretion of virus correlated with the appearance of neutralizing activities in 19 of 25 infants. Only concentrate-treated infants with high neutralizing activity in stools showed a statistically significant reduction in duration of excretion of virus; this duration in concentrate-treated infants with low neutralizing activity was comparable with controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A multinuclear NMR study of the interactions of cations with proteoglycans, heparin, and Ficoll.

Measurements of NMR relaxation rates of 23Na, 39K, 25Mg and 43Ca were used to evaluate the extent of cation binding in solution to bovine nasal cartilage proteoglycans, hog mucosal heparin, and Ficoll (Pharmacia). The two most important factors determining relaxation rates in the presence of the polymers examined were polymer concentration and charge density. We found that proteoglycans did not bind monovalent cations but did bind divalent cations to a relatively small extent. Heparin bound monovalent and divalent cations to a much greater extent. Assembly of glycosaminoglycan chains into proteoglycan aggregates had no effect on the extent of cation binding.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Great spectral simplification can be obtained by spreading the conventional one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum in two independent frequency dimensions. This so-called two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy removes spectral overlap, facilitates spectral assignment, and provides a wealth of additional information. For example, conformational information related to interproton distances is available from resonance intensities in certain types of two-dimensional experiments. Another method generates 1H NMR spectra of a preselected fragment of the molecule, suppressing resonances from other regions and greatly simplifying spectral appearance. Two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy can also be applied to the study of 13C and 15N, not only providing valuable connectivity information but also improving sensitivity of 13C and 15N detection by up to two orders of magnitude.

Carbon↗
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of dislocated iris-plane intraocular lenses.

This report describes a patient with a Binkhorst four-loop intraocular lens dislocated in the vitreous. The implant was repositioned by means of a combination of the Barraquer-Chowdhury needle-fixation method with a McCannel suture. The pupil was maximally dilated, and the patient was placed in the prone position. When the implant drifted into the anterior chamber, it was anchored with a 25-gauge spinal needle through the limbus. It was then refixated to the iris with a 10-0 prolene suture.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Esther Menaker.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Austria↗
PubMed1984

Bulimia in men: report of three cases with neuroendocrine findings.

Bulimia, like anorexia nervosa, primarily affects women. Although survey reports have shown that as many as 10%-13% of students meeting DSM-III criteria for bulimia are male, 1,2 detailed clinical descriptions of male bulimic patients are rare. The following case reports describe three men seen for evaluation of bulimia at the UCLA Eating Disorders Clinic.

Adult↗