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Biomedical subjects

L Lemberg

Publications and source records attributed to L Lemberg.

238 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
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A complication of myocardial infarction usually requiring surgical intervention.

Rupture of the interventricular septum is uncommon (2%), but a very serious complication of an acute myocardial infarction. The septum receives most of its blood supply from the left anterior descending artery and from the posterior descending branch of the right coronary artery. Perforation of the septum occurs in patients with significant disease of both coronary arteries. The prognosis of this complication with medical therapy is poor. There is an 80% mortality rate in the first few days after septal perforation if surgical repair is not attempted. Early diagnosis of ventricular septal rupture complicating an acute myocardial infarction is possible if physical findings are carefully evaluated at frequent intervals. Acute mitral valve pathology and right ventricular infarction can be ruled out by performing right ventricular catheterization to determine intracardiac pressures and oxygen saturations. The echocardiogram is an additional aid in the differential diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcium antagonists in coronary artery disease.

The introduction of calcium antagonists has had a significant influence on the management of angina pectoris. Whereas, a beta blocker functions by reducing oxygen demand, the calcium antagonists increase oxygen supply and also decrease oxygen demand. The calcium ion is a vital link in excitation-contraction coupling; the regulation of intracellular calcium levels directly modulates cardiac and smooth muscle function. The three agents currently in use are verapamil, nifedipine, and diltiazem; ony the first two are available by prescription at this time. Although all three are calcium channel blocking agents, they differ in their electrophysiologic effects. Verapamil and, to a lesser extent, diltiazem slow AV nodal transmission and are thus helpful in controlling the ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation. All have a negative inotropic property which may limit their use in patients with advanced left ventricular dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A complication commonly overlooked.

Acute pulmonary embolism is one of the most underdiagnosed of the serious acute diseases that face the clinician. It is estimated to be the third most common cause of death in the United States. There is an increasing incidence of pulmonary embolism because of the growing size of the older population, greater number of extensive surgical procedures, increasing use of oral contraceptives, and prolongation of life in patients with metastatic malignancy. Pulmonary embolism is considered to be one of the most common single causes of death in the acute care general hospital. It is therefore important to appreciate that pulmonary embolism is a preventable and treatable disease.

Female↗