Biomedical subjects

L Lassaletta

Publications and source records attributed to L Lassaletta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Clinical tumoral size dissociation in acoustic neuroma: reality or measure distortion?].

INTRODUCTION: In this study we have analyzed (i) the audiometric frequencies more often affected in acoustic neuroma (AN), (ii) the percentage of patients presenting normal hearing and those with sudden hearing loss, (iii) if there is a correlation between tumor size and hearing loss, and (iv) the relationship between clinical and radiological parameters and audiological data. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Retrospective study of 81 patients undergoing surgical removal of a sporadic AN. RESULTS: The highest threshold in the tumor's ear was found at 8000 Hz, and the highest interaural difference at 4000 Hz. The percentage of patients presenting normal hearing and sudden hearing loss was 2.5% and 9%, respectively. No significant association was found between tumor size and hearing loss, preoperative facial palsy or Vth cranial nerve deficit. There was a significant association between the degree of hearing loss and Vth cranial nerve deficit, and between hearing loss and preoperative facial palsy. CONCLUSIONS: The association between hearing loss and Vth cranial nerve deficit, and between hearing loss and preoperative facial palsy is independent the size of the tumour.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Comparison of different mobile telephones in Combi40+ users.

CONCLUSION: Telephone usage is a difficult challenge for cochlear implanted patients. A significant number of cochlear implanted patients are able to carry on a land-line or mobile telephone conversation. The telephone model may be a critical factor for telephone performance. OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study were to evaluate speech discrimination through land-line and mobile telephones in Combi40+ users, and to compare different mobile telephone models to find out which could be more advisable for them. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen Combi40+ implantees were tested with CID sentences and bisyllabic words presented through land-line and mobile telephones, in both quiet and noisy environments. RESULTS: Mean scores for telephonic speech discrimination were over 85% for CID sentences and 28-59% for bisyllabic words. The Siemens M55 was superior to the other mobile telephones tested.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Impact of preoperative diagnosis of congenital heart disease on the treatment of esophageal atresia.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) has a major impact on the survival of babies with esophageal atresia (EA). The present study assesses whether early diagnosis influences the management strategies in a large series of EA. Cases of EA treated between 1982 and 2002 were retrospectively divided into groups according to the presence or absence of CHD and to whether this was diagnosed or not prior to tracheo-esophageal fistula repair. Patients were also staged according to Spitz's classification in which major congenital heart disease (MCHD) are those associated with cyanosis and/or heart failure requiring surgery. Comparisons between groups of patients were made by standard statistical tests. Among 195 babies with EA (99 boys and 96 girls), 82 (42%) had CHD (31 boys, 39% and 51 girls, 61%, chi2 P < 0.05) and 43 out of these 82 (52%) had MCHD. Six children died without treatment. CHD was diagnosed prenatally in six cases and before EA repair in 26 cases. The diagnoses were missed in 12 instances (in five it was a MCHD). Regardless of preoperative diagnosis of right aortic arch in 3/6 cases, the oesophagus was approached from the right thorax in all cases and only in one of them the operation was not completed due to hemodynamic instability. There were 145/195 (75%) Spitz group I patients; 44/195 (22%) were group II and 6/195 (3%) group III. The mortality was respectively 9.5, 59 and 83%. We lost 15/113 (13%) babies with EA without CHD, 4/39 (10.2%) with EA and CHD and 26/43 (60%) with EA and MCHD. In children with CHD diagnosed prior to the esophageal operation 8/26 (30.7%) died and among those without diagnoses 3/12 (25%) died, (chi2 P > 0.1). 1. CHD was diagnosed after EA repair in one-third of cases. 2. Preoperative diagnosis of CHD changed the operative indication only in one case. 3. Survival after treatment for EA was not influenced by the moment or the accuracy of the diagnosis of CHD in this series. 4. With only a few exceptions, associated CHD should not change the strategies of EA repair.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed2005

[Quality of life in cochlear implanted patients].

Several articles show the audiologic benefits of cochlear implants, although it is still necessary to prove their impact on quality of life. In this study, 36 Med-El processor users were included. The Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) was used to measure changes in quality of life, and another questionnaire was used to evaluate the communication abilities. Eighty-six percent of the patients answered our questionnaire. The quality of life improved significantly according to the specific questionnaire. The average total benefit obtained with the GBI was +41, and the average scores related to general, social and physics benefits were +57, +16, and +3, respectively. No significant difference was found between quality of life and other parameters like insertion depth of the array, etiology or duration of the deafness.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Diagnosis of intracranial facial schwannoma: clinical, and radiological factors, and the value of immunohistochemistry].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical, radiological, and pathological features which may be useful to differentiate intracranial schwannomas of the facial nerve from vestibular schwannomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 91 patients undergoing surgery with a clinical suspicion of vestibular schwannoma is presented. Clinical and radiological features are analyzed. Immunohistochemistry for neurofilaments was performed in selected cases of unilateral vestibular schwannomas, bilateral vestibular schwannomas, and facial nerve schwannomas. RESULTS: Facial function was normal in 83% of patients with vestibular schwannoma. Both patients with facial schwannomas had preoperative House-Brackmann grade II facial function. MRI showed no main differences between facial and vestibular schwannomas. A positive immunostaining was found in unilateral vestibular schwannomas, bilateral vestibular schwannomas, and facial nerve schwannomas. CONCLUSION: There are no specific clinical, radiological, or pathological factors to accurately differentiate schwannomas of the facial nerve from vestibular schwannomas.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Aggressive conservative treatment remains the best option for oesophageal perforation in children].

UNLABELLED: Oesophageal perforation (OP) requires prompt and vigorous treatment. In contrast with adult patients in whom surgical closure of perforation is preferred, non-operative treatment has been the usual approach in children. The present report aims at assessing whether this strategy stands the passage of time. We studied retrospectively the charts of patients treated at our institution for OP between 1991 and 2001. Between these years, we treated 19 episodes of OP in 17 patients aged 5.3 +/- 0,94 years. In 9 cases (4 lye burns, 3 oesophageal atresias, 1 bullous epidermolysis and 1 mucocutaneous candidiasis) OP occurred during dilatation of strictures. Foreign body extraction was the cause in 3 cases, and blunt trauma and sclerosis of varices were the causes in 2 cases each. The last child had multiple gastrointestinal perforation during treatment for leukaemia. Subcutaneous emphysema was seen in 7 instances, pneumomediastinum/pneumothorax in 14, pleural effusion in 9, dyspnoea in 9, severe thoracic pain in 1 and pericardial effusion in 1. The diagnosis was intraoperative in only 2 children but the symptoms and imaging signs prompted vigorous treatment within the first 24 hours in 15 instances. One or more pleural tubes were inserted in 11 cases and pericardial drainage was required once. Perforations closed without direct surgery in 18/19 episodes (16/17 children). Five gastrotomies and 2 jejunostomies were performed and several major abdominal operations were necessary to repair concurrent lesions in a child who sustained severe blunt abdominal trauma and in the one with leukaemic perforations. All these patients survive and all recovered oesophageal function although 2 with intractable lye structures ultimately required oesophageal replacement 6 and 10 months after OP. The only patient in whom direct approach for esophageal necrosis after variceal endosclerosis was unavoidable lost her organ and had a replacement after a successful porto-systemic shunt. CONCLUSIONS: Prompt and aggressive non-operative approach of oesophageal perforations in children allows survival and conservation of the organ and its function in most cases and should remain the first therapeutic choice at this age.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Midgut malrotation risk in abdominal wall defect].

BACKGROUND: Midgut malrotation has a low incidence (0.5-1% at necropsies) and it is a rare symptomatic condition. Nevertheless it is often associated to clinical situations with a high morbility and mortality and it could complicate them. Our aim is to study the patients treated for abdominal wall defects and who have suffered complications due to non-treated malrotation at first surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the charts of patients diagnosed of abdominal wall defects in our hospital from 1993 to 2002. We reviewed the initial treatment, the associated morbility and any new surgical treatment needed. RESULTS: During this 10-year period, 110 abdominal wall defects were managed: 56 congenital diaphragmatic hernias, 30 onphaloceles and 14 gastroschisis; overall 79 of these 100 patients survived and were included in this study. Eleven patients had symptoms due to bowel malrotation during the follow-up period. In 1 case the clinical picture had an acute onset as a volvulus that required extensive gut resection; another patient presented as a persistent gastrocutaneous fistula after removal of a gastrostomy tube; in the remaining 9, symptoms were always of classical intestinal obstruction. The malrotation was never treated during the initial surgical procedure for abdominal wall defect; later on, Ladd procedure was always the definitive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Due to local conditions during first abdominal wall surgery that limit the evaluation of the malrotation, we must think about it when we find obstructive symptoms any time during life.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed2004

[Lipoblastoma: the least well known of adipose tumors].

INTRODUCTION: Lipoblastoma is the least known of adipose tumours. It comes from embryonic adipose tissue and though it is histologically benign, it is locally invasive, implying a high risk of relapse if it is incompletely removed. The pediatric surgeon should be familiar with this tumor since it usually appears in children under three. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the patients who were operated upon at our institution with a histologic diagnosis of lipoblastoma from 1966 to 2002 taking into account: age, tumor site, cytogenetic studies, first diagnosis, treatment and clinical course. RESULTS: The diagnosis of lipoblastoma was carried out in six patients (three boys and three girls). All were diagnosed before the first year of life and one was present at birth. In only one case the diagnosis was pre-operative. Two tumors were thoracic, two paravertebral with an intrarachidian component without spinal cord involvement (one of them was associated with myelomeningocele and diatomyelia), two in limbs and one perineal. A girl operated for the first time at four months, was latter operated in four opportunities for a relapse. In the last operation the excision was incomplete due to a subclavian involvement; in the last 15 years no new tumor growth was seen. After a follow-up period of 1 to 25 years in the other six patients no relapse was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its low frequency, the diagnosis of lipoblastoma must be considered in children with masses in soft tissue, mainly if they are younger then one year. Because the lipoblastoma is locally invasive, this tumor must be treated before it affects viscera. The resection must be complete, avoiding the risk of relapse, although radical mutilating surgery is not recommended.

Female↗

PubMed2003

Aggressive conservative treatment of esophageal perforations in children.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: In contrast with adult patients in whom surgical closure of the defect is preferred, nonoperative treatment has been the usual approach for esophageal perforation (EP) in children. This report aims to assess whether this strategy stands the passage of time. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the charts of 17 patients aged 5.3 +/- 0.9 years (mean +/- SD) treated at our institution for EP between 1991 and 2001. RESULTS: Nineteen episodes of EP were caused by stricture dilation in 9 cases, foreign body extraction in 3, and blunt trauma and sclerosis of varices in 2 cases each. The remaining child had multiple gastrointestinal perforations in the course of chemotherapy for leukemia. Vigorous treatment, consisting of nasopharyngeal aspiration, wide spectrum antibiotics, prompt drainage of effusions and either parenteral or infraesophageal nutritition, was implemented immediately after diagnosis. Perforations were closed without direct surgery in 18 of 19 episodes (16 of 17 children). One or more pleural drains were inserted in 12 cases, and pericardial drainage was required once. Seven gastrostomies, 2 jejunostomies, and one esophagostomy were performed. Several major abdominal operations were necessary to repair concomitant lesions in a child who sustained severe blunt abdominal trauma and in the patient with leukemic perforations. All patients survived, and all recovered esophageal function. However, 2 with intractable lye strictures ultimately required esophageal replacement. The only patient in whom a direct approach for esophageal necrosis due to variceal endosclerosis was unavoidable, lost her organ and had a retrosternal colonic interposition after a successful portosystemic shunt. Excluding patients with other concomitant lesions and the patient who underwent surgery, median length of stay was 11 days (range, 6 to 47). CONCLUSIONS: Prompt and aggressive nonoperative treatment of esophageal perforations in children allows survival with conservation of the organ in most cases and remains, in the authors' hands, the first therapeutic choice at this age.

Abdominal Injuries↗

PubMed2003

The contribution of modern imaging to planning separation strategies in conjoined twins.

BACKGROUND/AIM: An accurate knowledge of the often complex and unexpected anatomy of conjoined twins is required in order to devise appropriate surgical strategies for separation. The recent progress of imaging techniques prompts an assessment of their contribution to planning separation strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 1990, we treated 8 consecutive sets of conjoined twins: 1 acardiac-acephalus, 1 epigastric heteropagus, 2 omphalopagus, 2 omphalothoracopagus, 1 ischiopagus tetrapus and 1 parapagus tripus. The first two sets were separated straightforwardly after birth and were excluded. Ultrasonographic and plain and contrast X-ray studies were used in all the remaining sets, angiography in 5, CT in 4, and MRI in 4. Helical CT and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were used in 3 sets. RESULTS: Two sets of omphalopagus twins and one of omphalothoracopagus twins were separated after birth due to brain damage of one twin, cloacal exstrophy and large arterial shunting, respectively. They were assessed using barium studies (3 sets), IVP (3), angiography (2), CT (2) and MRI (1). Three of six babies survived after separation. In the second set of omphalothoracopagus ecocardiography and MRA revealed that the extent of cardiovascular sharing precluded separation. In the remaining two sets of twins respectively ischiopagus and parapagus, the extent of organ sharing was depicted using three-dimensional helical CT and MRI; the four babies are alive after separation. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional imaging contributes only modestly to separation planning. In contrast, advanced imaging techniques are amazingly efficient in depicting complex fusions that have to be accurately recognised when planning realistic separation strategies.

Female↗

PubMed2003

[Extensive aganglionosis. Treatment and long term results].

INTRODUCTION: Extensive aganglionosis (EA) that affects the total colon (including or not part of the small intestine), shows more diagnostic problems and it is associated to higher morbidity and mortality rates than the classic cases of Hirschsprung disease (ED). This study takes into account last years cases and their results in the medium and long term. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1983 and 2000, 232 patients suffering ED have been treated. 15 out of those 232 patients showed EA. We took into consideration the diagnosis, surgical procedures, enterocolitis before and after the treatment, the surgical technique and the complications. We analyze the nutritional state and the long term result according to clinical bowel function scoring system continency Scale, considering the surgical possibilities depending on each case. RESULTS: Two patients died due to septics complications, one of them during the neonatal period and the other one at the age of 3. Two other cases became possible candidates to an intestinal transplantation due to the extension of their disease. Five out of the 11 left patients had more than 30 cm of small intestine involved, and another five had involved less than 30 cm from ileocecal valve. The last case showed a total colonic aganglionosis with associated intestinal neuronal displasia. One case was associated with S. Ondine and another one with a 21 triosomia. Two of the patients were brothers and another patient has got a brother suffering from rectosigmoid HD. The surgical techniques used with 13 were: 8 cases using Lester Martin modification (one of them needed redo procedure because of anastomosis leak and perineal fistula), 4 Swenson procedure and one patient was treated by Ziegler's miectomy with prolongated miotomy. Nine of the patients mentioned before, lead a quite life (five L, Martin, 4 Swenson); 2 patients suffering frequent fecal retention crisis. 5 out of the 11 reviewed cases, show a weight and height p > or = 50, 2 below p50, 2 below p25, and 2 under p3. CONCLUSION: EA represents a small percentage of Hirschsprung disease. Although Martin modification is the most widely employed technique in cases of distal ileal involvement, Swenson procedure has provided good results in the long term follow-up with few complications. Intestinal transplantation may be the only choice for long term survival in patients with near total intestinal aganglionosis. Continence improves in the follow-up but few times is normal. Nutritional state should be-controlled by a specialized team.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed2003

[Early esophageal replacement in patients with esophageal atresia].

INTRODUCTION: When primary anastomosis is not feasible in esophageal atresia esophageal replacement is one of the possible options. We report our experience with this approach in patients with long-gap esophageal atresia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1991 to 2002 we treated 50 children with esophageal atresia. Nine required esophageal replacement because of long-gaps. Six were boys and three girls. Six had isolated atresia, and three had regular atresia with TEF. Associated malformations in 8 patients were: cardiovascular (2), anorectal (2), urogenital (5), intestinal duplication (1), and costovertebral (1). The weight at birth ranged from 1.2 to 3.95 kg (median 2.3). Patients with type I atresia had immediate gastrostomy accompanied by esophagostomy in one. Esophageal anastomosis was impossible or failed in 3 patients with type III EA, who had fistula ligation and esophagostomy. Esophageal replacement was performed at a median age of 4.95 months (range 2.3 to 18), with a median weight of 5.33 (range 2.89 to 11.5 kg.). We used gastric pull-up in 2 cases and colonic transposition in 7 with isoperistaltic left transverse colon in retromediastinal-transhiatal (6) or restrosternal (1) position. Two patients had extramucosal piloromyotomy and 4 had piloroplasty. RESULTS: All patients survive and have functional grafts. Postoperative complications were: pneumonia (1), wound dehiscence with evisceration (2) and salivary fístula (2) which closed spontaneously. In the long range, one patient was operated three times for hernia through the enlarged hiatus, one had one episode of intestinal subobstruction successfully managed with nasogastric aspiration and another one had dumping syndrome for several months. After a median follow-up of 3.15 years (range 1.6 to 6.9) all patients eat normal diets per os. CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal replacement for the treatment of infants with long-gap EA has been in our hands as good as any other option with 100% survival and good functional results. The operation can be safely performed in the first months provided that associated malformations are under control. However, like other options, this approach is not devoid of complications.

Esophageal Atresia↗

PubMed2002

[Is hearing preservation feasible with the retrosigmoid approach?].

The main advantages of the retrosigmoid approach are fast and good visualization of the brainstem structures and the possibility to remove tumors of all sizes. Hearing preservation, although possible, is not always achieved. The aim of this study is to present our experience with the retrosigmoid approach for acoustic neuroma resection, emphasizing our hearing results. The notes of 56 cases of acoustic neuroma removed through a the retrosigmoid approach were reviewed. Tumor size ranged from 8 to 50 mm (mean 24 mm). Considering patients with preoperative serviceable hearing, postoperative serviceable and measurable hearing was achieved in 13.3% and 26.7% of cases respectively. No tumor recurrence occurred in our series. The retrosigmoid approach is a reliable surgical procedure for most vestibular schwannoma. However, hearing preservation results may be unsatisfactory and show wide differences depending on selection criteria and the hearing terminology used. Concerns about hearing preservation should not be the deciding factor for using this approach.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

T3 glottic cancer: oncologic results and prognostic factors.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze oncologic results, prognostic factors, and consideration of transglottic tumors as a separate entity in 73 patients with T3 glottic carcinoma treated by surgery +/- radiation therapy at La Paz University Hospital from 1984 to 1994. METHODS: Sixty-four patients underwent a total laryngectomy; neck dissection was performed in 50 patients; 29 patients received postoperative radiotherapy. RESULTS: The 5-year overall survival, cause-specific survival, and relapse-free survival rates were 58.1%, 66.8%, and 63.7%. Univariate analysis revealed prognostic significance for age, dyspnea, initial tracheostomy, and pathologic lymph node status. No difference was found when comparing survival and relapse rates between transglottic and glottic tumors. CONCLUSION: Surgery provides acceptable rates of cancer control and survival for patients with T3 glottic carcinoma. Older patients, patients with positive neck nodes, and those presenting with dyspnea have worse prognosis. The term transglottic is merely descriptive and has little impact on prognosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

p53 expression in locally advanced pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Prognosis for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains poor despite advances in treatment, although a small number of patients may benefit from induction therapy leading to increased local control. Mutations of the p53 gene, which are present in a considerable percentage of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, have been associated with poor response to chemotherapy. The role of p53 protein overexpression (which is associated with p53 gene mutations) in predicting the response to chemotherapeutic agents and survival rates is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of p53 expression with chemotherapy response rates and disease-free survival rates in 62 patients with locally advanced pharyngeal cancer treated with induction cisplatin-5-fluorouracil chemotherapy between 1983 and 1995. DESIGN: Historical cohort. Archival tissue from biopsies done before chemotherapy was immunohistochemically stained for the p53 tumor suppressor gene (clone D0-7; DAKO Corp, Glostrup, Denmark). RESULTS: Positive staining for p53 occurred in 45 (73%) of 62 cases, with the percentage of reactive cells ranging from 35% to 98%. Chemotherapy response rates were higher in the p53-negative group (15/17 [88%]) compared with the p53-positive group (27/45 [60%]) (P =.07). The risk of recurrence was lower in the p53-negative group compared with the p53-positive group at 2, 3, and 5 years after treatment (P = .03, P = .01, and P = .007, respectively). The median relapse-free survival rates of patients in the p53-negative group was 16 months, whereas those with p53 protein expression demonstrated a median relapse-free survival time of 9 months (P = .07). In multivariate analyses, the only independent factor of relapse-free survival rates was age older than 70 years. CONCLUSION: The present study shows a trend favoring p53 overexpression as a predictive and prognostic factor in locally advanced pharyngeal cancer treated with induction chemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Intestinal lengthening and growth hormone in extreme short bowel syndrome: a case report.

Recombinant growth hormone (GH) has been used successfully to promote mucosal intestinal adaptation in adults with short bowel syndrome. Here the authors report the case of an infant with extreme short bowel syndrome successfully treated with intestinal lengthening and GH. The patient was born with intestinal atresia leaving only 12 cm of jejunum and 2 cm of ileum with ileocecal valve. A Bianchi procedure extended the length to 25 cm, but 6 months later she still received 50% of her nutritional requirements by parenteral route. A 4-week course of 0.5 U/kg of GH dramatically changed the situation allowing weaning of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) 2 weeks after the end of the treatment with striking nutritional improvement, decrease in the number of stools from 7 to 2 per day, and no secondary effects. The authors believe that GH deserves clinical trial in cases of extreme short bowel.

Enteral Nutrition↗

PubMed1999

Immunoreactivity in granular cell tumours of the larynx.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate histogenesis and behaviour of laryngeal granular cell tumours (GCT) and to determine the role of p53 protein expression in these lesions. METHODS: The clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical findings of three cases of laryngeal GCTs are described. RESULTS: All tumours were surgically excised and appeared histologically benign. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, mitosis and nuclear pleomorphism were not found in any of the three cases. All lesions were negative for keratin 8, desmin and actin. Only one case stained for collagen IV. Positive staining was found for S-100 protein and CD68 in all tumours. Ki-67 and Bcl-2 staining was confined to occasional cells. p53 reactivity was seen in all tumours; positivity ranged from 35 to 42%. The three patients have remained free of disease without complications up to 10 years after treatment. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical findings support benign behaviour and a Schwann cell origin for laryngeal GCT. The expression of p53 by granular cells is unclear but appears to be unrelated to behaviour.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Respiratory malformations associated with esophageal atresia].

AIMS: Since trachea, lungs and esophagus develop from foregut and esophageal atresia is a defect of its normal division, we examined the occurrence of respiratory malformations in a large clinical series of esophageal atresia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 415 patients born with esophageal atresia between 1965 and 1996 and 129 autopsies of the same patients were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of other associated anomalies was carefully studied and noted. RESULTS: Of 415 patients with esophageal atresia, 25 (6%) had one or more associated respiratory malformations. Only 8 patients (2.8%) having bronchopulmonary malformations were diagnosed clinically (8/286) while 17 (13.2%) were diagnosed at autopsy (17/129). The most frequent malformations were: lung segmentation defects (n = 14), pulmonary hypoplasia (n = 9) and tracheomalacia (n = 4). Eighty percent of esophageal atresia patients had another associated malformations specially of the cardiovascular system. CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal atresia patients have a high incidence of associated bronchopulmonary malformations that are frequently not diagnosed.

Adolescent↗