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Biomedical subjects

L Lapeyssonnie

Publications and source records attributed to L Lapeyssonnie.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1973

A serogroup A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine: studies in the Sudan to combat cerebrospinal meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis group A.

Vaccination against cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) has regained interest with the use of capsular polysaccharides (or polyosides) of the meningococcus as specific immunizing agents. These compounds proved to be effective in the USA against meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis serotype C. This study considers whether the polysaccharides of the serotype A meningococcus, which is prevalent in the African CSM belt, could be protective in epidemic conditions. Taking advantage of the usual seasonal peak of CSM cases, controlled field trials were undertaken in the Sudan early in 1973. 21 640 persons were vaccinated, half of them with a meningococcal polyoside A vaccine and the other half with tetanus toxoid as a placebo. In the former group there were no cases of meningitis, whereas in the latter 10 cases were reported, of which 7 were confirmed by laboratory tests. These studies indicate that the meningococcal polyoside A vaccine is efficient in epidemic conditions and could be used to control outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A study of the serological response of Sudanese children to three associated immunizations (measles, tetanus, meningococcal A meningitis) (author's transl)].

The authors first emphasize the efficiency and economic value of associated immunizations in developping countries. They report the first data collected in a campaign of immunization with a single injection of an extemporaneous mixture of antimeasles, antitetanus and antimeningococcal meningitis vaccines. This campaign took place in the Republic of Suddan from may 1976 to july 1977 and concerned 87 children. The specifications of each vaccine as well as the procedures of vaccination and serological control are given. The study of serological rates shows: -- a good response for measles with, in Africa, an optimal âge of 6 months and a new injection 6 months later; -- a low and late antibodies rise in tetanus with a good immunological memory giving way to an acute rise under a 2nd injection one year later; -- an immediate increase of the basic low rate of meningococcic antibodies existing in most Suddanese children before the injection. The authors consider the advantage of using also anti C meningococcal vaccine and to add an inactivated poliomyelitic vaccine. They give notice of the good stability in tropical environment of the vaccinal mixture they used.

Bacterial Vaccines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholera, year II].

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Cholera↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cholera: why?].

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Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The new features of meningococcal meningitis (author's transl)].

According to a previous pattern epidemics of meningococcal meningitis (MM) were localized in North tropical Africa, caused by A serotype, easily treated with sulfanilamides and prevented by a polyosidic vaccine, A type. Changes have occured : epidemics in Finland and Brazil, with an African A type germ, in place of the American, sulfa-resistant, C type; outburst of epidemics in South tropical Africa; presence of C type in Tchad, Niger and Nigeria. In the same time dramatic evolutions due to endotoxinic processes and drug-resistances are more frequently observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[I couldn't believe my own eyes! (author's transl)].

The author reports his self observation of onchocerciasis contracted in february 1978 on the Sue River as he was launching a WHO Trypanosomiasis Control Project in the Southern Sudan. After a prepatent period of nearly three years, the first symptom to appear was the observation of a mobile microfilaria moving in the field of vision of the patient's right eye. This unusual clinical warning led to a routine diagnosis and treatment with diethylcarbamazine. The author then offers three comments on his case story: 1. Patients should be listened to, even if their complains appear queer and unorthodox according to text books descriptions. 2. Many if not most of chronic tropical diseases present themselves with a protracted and symptomless incubation period. People living in rural areas, usually short of medical facilities, should not be blamed for a so called irresponsability for their late reporting to a doctor or a public health worker. 3. An ailing epidemiologist finds some sort of solace in knowing where, when and how he has been trapped.

Diagnosis, Differential↗