Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L L Filipchenko.
Acute and chronic overheating appeared to induce similar shock reaction in all organs, with systemic disorders of microcirculation. The organs demonstrated irreversible hemodynamic disturbances with secondary hypoxic injury. Structural disorders in organs result in their functional deficiency and subsequent pathologic conditions.
Measurement of levels of antibodies to a causative agent of tuberculosis with the aid of the enzyme immunoassay can serve as one of methods for early diagnosis of infectious- and dust diseases. Patients with clinically established diagnosis of dust bronchitis, latent silicotuberculosis and manifest silicotuberculosis demonstrated a significantly higher level of antituberculous antibodies in blood plasma as compared to controls. Establishment of the above fact permits regarding a major proportion of dust bronchitis as a silicotuberculous process.
Mineral dusts induced immunopathies in silicosis patients can be traced through changes in the composition, quantity and activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system detected in broncho-pulmonary secretions. It was established that the development of chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases and dust bronchites were caused by local immunopathies. A cytologic test for pulmonary and bronchial local protection was proposed through determining the degrees of pathologic developments, gravity of bronchitis, its predominant syndromes, and surveillance of the therapeutic course.
Prophylactic treatment was carried out in 32 metallurgists suffering of gastroduodenal diseases. The treatment included Eleutherococcus, alpha-tocopherol acetate, methyuracil, milfoil, nettle leaves, wort and camomile leaves, oxygen foam cocktails. Clinical, biochemical, immunological, endoscopic and morphological examinations revealed efficiency of the prophylactic treatment.
Questionnaires were distributed among 1500 heat treatment metallurgic workers and 612 workers engaged in normal temperature working conditions. The former group had a markedly higher level of gastroduodenal damages. The risk-factors, apart from the behavioral ones, included working in shifts, irregular nutrition. The major diseases were gastroduodenitis with ulcerous clinical manifestations, and high-degree acid formation and consequent pathologic developments in the antral section of the stomach and the duodenal bulb.
The labour conditions in heat treatment shops caused the sympathetic-adrenal system's tension which was preserved in the rehabilitation period and led to ECG functional shifts. The probable traces of IHD and myocardium hypoxia were 2.7 times as often as in the workers engaged in general shops. The cardiomyocytes' damages were proved by higher levels of creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood of heat treatment shop workers.
A study was performed on the immune reactivity of coniotuberculosis cases among iron-ore miners from initial to developed stages by means of a postmortem morphometric analysis of the pathologic changes. It was revealed that the disease was characterized by a marked decrease in immune reactivity which progressed along with the disease. It was established that the process was influenced by the age, the ferrum oxide (III) and cremnium dioxide content in the lungs, and the TB infection as such. Much influence was also caused by other sporadic environmental factors.
Basing on 42 post-mortem examinations of silicotuberculosis cases, the contributors display the most frequently encountered errors in diagnosing this disease. Silicotuberculous bronchadenitis, conglomerate-cirrhotic lower-lobe silicotuberculosis and their complications (e.g. concomitant pericarditis and endobronchitis) are the most difficult cases for detection. To avoid diagnostic errors, a most detailed case history study is needed, along with a complex clinico-functional and tomography examinations, a wide use of endoscopy and bacteriological techniques.
Two hundred and thirty nine records of bronchoscopic examination of miners from iron ore mines, including 114 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were studied and the frequency of specific and nonspecific endobronchitis and functional, anatomical and hemocirculatory disorders was determined. Qualitative estimation of the endoscopic symptoms and computer-assisted analysis enabled one to validate the direct and probabilistic bronchoscopically evident signs of active tuberculosis. The data on the mature, frequency and diagnostic value of some endoscopic signs should be considered in differentiation of tuberculosis in miners (without pneumoconiosis).
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