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Biomedical subjects

L L Alexander

Publications and source records attributed to L L Alexander.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Sexually transmitted diseases: perspectives on this growing epidemic.

Despite advances with antibiotic therapies and increased public attention to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, sexually transmitted diseases remain a major public health problem of epidemic proportions in the United States. The emergence of new pathogens and clinical syndromes has increased the complexity of the situation. Incurable conditions and asymptomatic disease states during an era of constrained public resources and deficient public awareness further heighten and compound the devastating consequences of sexually transmitted disease. The provision of comprehensive disease prevention, education and clinical services is an important and complicated dimension. Sexually transmitted diseases are responsible for considerable morbidity and substantial mortality, particularly among young women. This article provides an overview of the epidemic in financial and human terms, with a discussion of eight major pathogens from an epidemiological, clinical and educational-counseling perspective.

Chancroid↗
PubMed1990

The smoking behaviour of military nurses: the relationship to job stress, job satisfaction and social support.

Three hundred and seven nurses at a large military medical centre were sent and completed an anonymous questionnaire which measured their smoking status along with job stress, job satisfaction and social support, as well as a variety of demographic factors. Three groups of nurses were defined on the basis of their response to the smoking status questions: those who have never smoked (54%), former smokers (23%) and current smokers (22%). The results revealed that the current smokers reported significantly (P less than 0.05) more job stress, job dissatisfaction and less social support than either former smokers or those who had never smoked. Further, the former smokers reported significantly less social support, defined from a variety of perspectives, than those who had never smoked. These were not as important in predicting amount smoked (number of cigarettes per day) among the current smoker group as they were in predicting differences between the different smoking status groups. The results suggest the need to incorporate the issues of social support and to a lesser extent job stress/satisfaction issues into smoking cessation programmes aimed at this population.

Demography↗
PubMed1990

Legalizing drugs?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Illicit Drugs↗
PubMed1988

Patient smoking cessation--treatment strategies.

Smoking is one of the major health issues of our century. It is clearly a detrimental health behavior that costs millions of dollars annually and undisputed morbidity and mortality. There is considerable interest among health care providers in assisting smokers in the cessation of this destructive personal habit. This article covers indirect measures (including environmental strategies) and direct measures to influence the smoking behavior of patients. Direct measures covered include the most appropriate delivery of anti-smoking information, an evaluation of legitimate and organized smoking cessation resources, and tips on assisting patients with their smoking cessation and cessation maintenance efforts. Through an understanding of the individual patient, his or her unique history and needs, and the basic design of the most popular smoking cessation strategies, the clinician can most effectively assist patients in the initiation, development and maintenance of patient cigarette smoking cessation efforts.

Aversive Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Portal venous air: a benign occurrence.

Air in the portal venous system after a colonic examination (colonoscopy or barium enema) or umbilical vein catheterization is a benign, selflimiting condition. The underlying intestinal pathology, however, is important in determining the status of the patient. Supportive treatment and antibiotic therapy is all that is needed for these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cure rates in small cell and non-small cell carcinoma of the lung utilizing high-dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

From 1967 to 1977, 72 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were seen. Thirty-five of these patients had unilaterally localized lesions (limited disease) and were treated with cobalt 60 radiation therapy (6,000 rad in six weeks) followed by chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), vincristine, methotrexate and lomustine (CCNU) (Group A). The remaining 37 patients with extensive disease were treated with similar chemotherapy alone, or in combination with local palliative radiotherapy to the symptomatic area (Group B). For Group A the five-year survival rate was 20 percent, while for both groups combined, it was only 5 percent.During this same period 560 patients with non-small cell carcinomas were treated. The five-year survival rate for those patients with operable, resectable lesions was 33 percent, while for those with unilateral, inoperable, unresectable lesions, it was 10 percent. Thus, it would appear that the results in limited small cell and non-small cell carcinomas of the lung utilizing high-dose radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy are comparable, and that limited small cell carcinoma of the lung patients with high-dose radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy can survive longer than those patients with stage III, non-small cell lung carcinoma.While the two- to five-year survival rates in small cell carcinoma demonstrate no appreciable differences, in non-small cell carcinomas there are significant two- to five-year survival differences. These improved results probably are due to the increased sensitivity of small cell carcinoma to high-dose local radiotherapy and to the chemotherapeutic vulnerability of circulating and microscopic metastatic cancer cells.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Neurogenic pulmonary edema.

Neurogenic pulmonary edema, although not frequently seen, is extremely important in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary edema. Often the diagnosis is suggested by roentgenogram and clinical history and effective therapy can therefore be instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Vanishing lung tumor.

The case of a patient with a lung mass that disappeared after therapy with furosemide and digoxin is presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Hamartoma.

The case of a patient with benign pulmonary hamartoma is presented. Examination of the lung by roentgenographic rays demonstrated the classical "popcorn calcification" in the lesion.

Adult↗