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Biomedical subjects

L Katz

Publications and source records attributed to L Katz.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and schizophrenia in identical twins.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and schizophrenia occurred in monozygotic twins. Dermatoglyphics and blood grouping determined monozygocity. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease appeared to be an autosomal dominant trait transmitted from the mother. No definite evidence of inheritance was seen for schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cancer patterns in Israel: selected aspects.

Data on cancer incidence in Israel have been collected by the Israel Cancer Registry since 1960. Overall incidence patterns are similar to those observed in other "Westernized" countries. In the total Jewish population, lung cancer accounts for one in seven cancers in males and breast cancer, for one in four cancers in females. The main time trends are: a decrease in stomach cancer, a halt in the increase of male lung cancer and a continuing rise for female lung cancer, female breast cancer, cancer of the colon and rectum, and malignant melanoma. Cancer of the uterine cervix may be on the rise in Israel-born women. The relatively high incidence of cancer of the esophagus in immigrants from Iran and Yemen and of cancer of the nasopharynx in immigrants from North Africa probably reflect incidence patterns in their countries of origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Breast cancer in Israel: incidence and mortality, 1960-75.

Between 1960 and 1975, the incidence of breast cancer in Israel rose 20%. A steady rise in incidence was seen for women aged 60 or more years, whereas for women younger than 60 years, the incidence pattern was less regular, showing a definite rise only in the period 1970-75. Mortality from breast cancer also rose among women aged 60 or more years, but much more slowly than incidence. Among women younger than 60 years, breast cancer mortality was essentially unchanged. When mortality rates from a disease rise more slowly than incidence rates, it can be inferred that a greater proportion of new cases are being cured or are experiencing longer survival. It would appear that this is the case with breast cancer in Israel, and this trend, probably the result of earlier diagnosis, is encouraging.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Computer-based case tracing (COMTRAC).

To assist clinical assessment and decision making, a computer-based system has been developed to organize key data of individual medical records and display these data in a standard graphic format for each disease. A program for multiple myeloma has been completed and 150 case records entered. The data accessed by computer-based case tracing on all cases of a particular disease are available for cumulative and comparative analyses of different therapeutic regimens.

Data Display↗
PubMed1978

Huntington's disease. Cerebrospinal fluid GABA levels in at-risk individuals.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was measured by the ion-exchange fluorometric method in CSF from 22 individuals at risk for Huntington's disease (HD), six individuals with HD, and five neurologically normal controls. The mean (+/- SD) GABA level in the specimens from patients with HD was 142 +/- 27 pmoles/ml, whereas that of the normal control specimens was 297 +/- 87 pmoles/ml. The mean GABA level of the specimens from the individuals at risk for HD was 209 +/- 79 pmoles/ml; however, nine of these were in the normal range with a mean value of 281 +/- 72 pmoles/ml, while the other 13 were below the normal range with a mean value of 159 +/- 27 pmoles/ml. The data indicate that low GABA levels in CSF are evident prior to the onset of symptoms of HD but a predictive value can only be determined by continued observation of the clinical course of these at-risk individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Sensitivity of in vitro diagnostic dipstick tests to urinary protein.

Two commonly used brands of reagent strip (dipsticks) were evlauated for their sensitivity to Bence-Jones and seven other urinary proteins. Both brands showed significant differences in sensitivity to albumin, glycoprotein, ribonuclease and lysozyme; both were most sensitive to albumin and least sensitive to globulin. Furthermore, their comparative sensitivities to these proteins also differed markedly. These differences in sensitivity could lead to underestimation of protein content in urine specimens. Tests on urines from patients with multiple myeloma showed that a negative urinary dipstick test result did not rule out the presence of the disease.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1977

Purification and characterization of covalently closed replicative intermediates of ColEl DNA from Escherichia coli.

Pulse-labeled ColEl DNA molecules, undergoing replication in Escherichia coli cells either in the absence or presence of chloramphenicol, were extracted and purified by neutral sucrose density gradient sedimentation and equilibrium centrifugation in an ethidium bromide-cesium chloride gradient. In the dye-buoyant density gradient, the replicating molecules were found in regions between the supercoiled and open-circular nonreplicating plasmid DNA, as well as in the open-circular region. In a neutral sucrose gradient, peaks of pulse label were found in the region of 26 to 38 S as well as at the 23 and 17 S positions corresponding to the positions of supercoiled and open-circular ColEl DNA. In alkaline sucrose gradient, nascent ColEl DNA was found to sediment as discrete peaks corresponding to 5-6, 7-9, and 14-16 S, indicating that at least one growing strand of the replicating molecule is produced discontinuously. In the electron microscope, many of the molecules appeared as partially supercoiled structures containing two open-circular branches of equal length, of less than 20% to more than 90% replicated. Branched open-circular molecules were not observed to any significant extent without prior treatment to induce single-strand scissions. The parental strands of the replicating molecules were determined to be covalently closed, but the superhelical density of the DNA was shown to be progressively decreased as replication proceeded.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1976

Applications of spectral analysis in medical ultrasonography.

Spectral analysis of ultrasonic reflections from biological tissues can be used to determine basic tissue parameters for use in differential diagnosis. This paper describes the use of the technique under circumstances encountered in several types of clinical examinations. The applications are illustrated with results obtained from laboratory measurements with a system now being employed in a clinical evaluation programme. The test objects studied simulate tissues with planar boundaries, tissues with heterogeneous interior structure, and tissues causing acoustic 'shadowing' of posterior regions.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Visual processing of nonlinguistic strings: redundancy effects and reading ability.

Visual redundancy effects were investigated in two experiments using nonalphabetic material. Experiment 1 had adult subjects search for the presence or absence of a predetermined target symbol through single six-symbol linear arrays. Reaction times were significantly faster in both a distributional redundancy and a spatial redundancy condition than in a no-redundancy condition. Experiment 2 had good and poor sixth-grade readers serve in the no-redundancy and spatial redundancy conditions of Experment 1. Poor readers were equivalent to good readers in the no-redundancy condition but were significantly slower in the spatial redundancy condition. Thus, spatial redundancy was shown to be operative in single symbol search time in a paradigm that avoided confounding by higher order linguistic variables. The present experiments, in conjunction with prior findings that good and poor readers differ in letter search time by their ability to use spatial redundancy, suggest that processes involved in the component skill of letter identification cannot be considered trivial to the reading process.

Adult↗