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Biomedical subjects

L Kanerva

Publications and source records attributed to L Kanerva.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Morphologic changes in epidermis of PUVA-treated patients with psoriasis with or without a history of arsenic therapy.

The uninvolved skin of patients with psoriasis was examined microscopically. Atypical nuclear features in keratinocytes and melanocytes were found in about half of the patients. The patients treated with psoralens and UV-A (PUVA) had significantly more of these changes than did patients without PUVA treatment, and the risk was dose dependent. Previous arsenic treatment and x-ray irradiation seemed to have a similar effect. The changes may have been due to the shortwave UV range of the light source.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1983

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex. A new histologic subgroup.

Two patients with a new mechanobullous disease are described. The trauma-induced bullae were present at birth. The nails were deformed in both cases. Both patients were isolated cases; so far, the inheritance pattern is not known. The histologic picture was unique. The keratinocytes were dyskeratotic, enlarged, and had atypical mitoses on light microscopy of neonatal biopsy specimens. Electron microscopically the defect occurred in the tonofilaments, which formed round clumps. The blister formation took place in the lower part of the epidermis.

Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1983

Langerhans cell--mononuclear cell contacts are not specific for allergy in patch tests.

Langerhans cell-mononuclear cell contacts in the epidermis were analysed in minimum positive allergic and toxic patch tests after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. No differences between allergic and toxic patch tests were observed in the appearance of Langerhans cells or in the number of Langerhans cell-mononuclear cell contacts. Thus, Langerhans cell-mononuclear cell contacts are not specific for contact allergic reactions, as has previously been suggested.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of 8-methoxypsoralen in serum and suction blister fluid.

Micronized 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), with a smaller crystal size, produced significantly higher serum level profiles than nonmicronized 8-MOP. Furthermore, the absorption of the micronized drug was more rapid, resulting in peak serum levels within 1 h in 75% of the patients. Our blister fluid studies suggest, however, that reduction of the photosensitizer concentration is slower in skin than in serum. This implies that despite markedly reduced 8-MOP serum level after 2 h the skin remains sufficiently sensitized up to that point of time.

Blister↗
PubMed1982

Light and electron microscopy of psoriatic skin before and during retinoid (Ro 10-9359) and retinoid-PUVA treatment.

Eight patients with psoriasis (pustular, erythrodermic or severe plaque type) were treated successfully with retinoid (Ro 10-9359) or with retinoid followed by PUVA (RePUVA). The histological changes in recovering skin were examined during 14 weeks. Treatment resulted in normalization of keratinocyte differentiation with fine structural changes suggesting decreased metabolic activity and a reduction of mitoses. There was an increase in the number of keratohyalin granules and of tonofilaments and desmosomes and a decrease in leukocytes in the epidermis. The different cell organelles were studied in detail, but the exact mechanism of retinoid action remains unsolved. Although the treatments were clinically highly effective, total normalization of the histological and electron microscopical picture was not achieved.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Ultrahistopathology of balanitis circinata.

Penile lesions from six patients with balanitis circinata were examined with the light and electron microscopes. The epithelium showed slight parakeratosis, acanthosis, and elongation of rete ridges. Neutrophil pustules occupied the upper epidermis. Prickle cells formed a spongiform net around the pustules. The most prominent features detected by the electron microscope were the small-to-medium-sized pustules in the upper epidermis. The thin flattened keratinocytes formed a sponge-like trabecular network. Neutrophils were not found inside the keratinocytes. Chlamydia were not present in the lesions, which indicates that balanitis circinata is due to some reactive mechanism. The fine structure of balanitis circinata resembles that of pustular psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of etretinate on fibronectin in psoriatic skin.

The distribution of fibronectin in psoriatic skin was studied in 6 patients during treatment with oral etretinate using indirect immunofluorescence technique. In untreated lesions fibronectin was clearly visualized in the dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ) and in the walls of papillary capillaries, and showed a reticular or fibrillar pattern in the dermis. In the horny layer there was some fluorescence which we regarded largely as unspecific. In all patients a transient accentuation of fibronectin accumulation in DEJ was seen after 3-7 days of treatment. Except for some decrease in the amount and intensity of capillary fluorescence, no other notable changes occurred in the fibronectin distribution during 4 weeks of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation of the skin after long term PUVA therapy. Light and electron microscopic observations on three patients.

An electron microscopic study was performed to demonstrate the pathological changes induced by long term PUVA treatment in recalcitrant psoriasis. Three patients developed mottling (hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation) during two to three years of treatment. Three different types of morphological changes were found: disarrangement of keratinocytes, clustering and stimulation of melanocytes and homogenization of papillary dermis. Furthermore, the superficial blood vessels were loaded with the same type of amorphous granular substance. These changes might be specific to PUVA treatment or they might occur only in patients with previous treatment with, e.g., arsenic, methotrexate, anthralin + UVB or a combination of these.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

One-week treatment of chlamydia-positive urethritis with doxycycline and tetracycline chloride in males.

65 patients with chlamydia-positive urethritis were treated with doxycycline and 59 with tetracycline chloride 1 g/day for one week. All steady sexual partners of these patients were treated with the same regimen during the same period. At control visits 2 and 3 weeks after the beginning of the treatment, all re-examined doxycycline-treated patients and all except 4 tetracycline-treated patients showed clinical cure and were free from signs of urethritis in the microscopical examination of Gram-stained smears from the urethra. Isolation of C. trachomatis was positive in 7 of the doxycycline-treated and 10 of the tetracycline-treated patients at the first control visit and in one more tetracycline-treated patient at the second control visit. The study stresses the importance of attempts to isolate C. trachomatis in cases without clinical or microscopical evidence of nongonococcal urethritis at control visits after short-term treatment with tetracyclines. The present investigation indicates that this is true also in cases in which all steady sexual partners are treated simultaneously.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Fine structure of the intercellular space of psoriatic epidermis during retinoid (RO 10-9359) and retinoid-PUVA treatment.

The enlarged intercellular space in the lower malpighian layers of untreated psoriasis contains a fine granular and a coarse granular substance. Both types of this substance increase in amount during 2-6 weeks of retinoid (RO 10-9359) therapy. Retinoid stimulates the formation of these substances, which previously have been termed "mucus". After glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide fixation their mucoid nature cannot be ascertained more specific cytochemical techniques being needed for this. A darker, more homogeneous substance in the upper spinous intercellular spaces increases in amount during retinoid therapy. Large amounts of keratinosome-derived lamellae are observed at the boundary of the stratum intermedium and the stratum corneum. Even after 14 weeks of treatment with retinoid or retinoid plus PUVA, at clinical remission, the histological and electron microscopical pictures still show some psoriatic changes, i.e. enlarged intercellular spaces with fine or coarse granular substance.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructure of neurosecretosomes sedimented in the nuclear fraction from the posterior pituitary of the rat.

Subcellular fractions of the posterior pituitary of the rat were isolated by differential and density gradient centrifugation, and microsamples prepared for electron miscroscopy by KMnO4 or glutaraldehyde-OsO4 fixation. The nuclear fraction, P1 (1000 g x 7 min), was the main neurosecretosome (NSS) fraction and contained nuclei and mitochondria in addition to NSS (60%). The crude mitochondrial fraction, P2 (10,000 g x 20 min), contained free mitochondria (70%), NSS, unidentified membrane particles, fat droplets derived from pituicytes, neurosecretory granules (NSG) and synaptosomes, identified by the presence of synaptic membrane thickenings. Fraction P3 (32,900 g x 20 min) contained mainly free NSG, while fraction P4 (118,000 g x 30 min) had a high microsome content.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of nongonococcal urethritis with trimethoprim-sulphadiazine and with placebo. A double-blind partner-controlled study.

The effect of sulphadiazine and trimethoprim (T-S) was compared with that of a placebo in the treatment of 75 men with nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) and their female sexual partners. Forty (53%) men and 30 (40%) women had positive culture results for Chlamydia trachomatis before treatment was started. Thirty-four patients of each sex received active treatment. Of these, 19 men and 15 women had positive culture results for C trachomatis before treatment with T-S and one of each sex had a positive culture result after treatment. C trachomatis had been isolated in 21 men and 15 women before treatment with placebo. At follow up four weeks after treatment had been started, 16 men and 15 women still harboured C trachomatis. Five of the chlamydia-positive patients treated with placebo developed complications (epididymitis, arthritis, or salpingitis) so the trial was discontinued.

Chlamydia Infections↗