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Biomedical subjects

L Kanerva

Publications and source records attributed to L Kanerva.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Contact allergy to an epoxy reactive diluent: 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether.

3 female workers in a brush factory developed contact allergy from a 2-component epoxy glue containing epoxy resin (37% w/w), reactive diluents: i.e., 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE) 3%, glycidyl ethers of aliphatic alcohols (Epoxide 8) 0.03% and phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) 0.01%; and inert fillers. All 3 patients were positive to the resin component of the glue and to BDDGE, indicating that BDDGE was the main allergen. 2 of the patients reacted to PGE, but none to the 3rd reactive diluent (Epoxide 8) in the glue. 2 of the patients did not react to epoxy resin, indicating that BDDGE may be an even stronger sensitizer in humans than epoxy resin, and that it does not cross-react with epoxy resins. Permeation studies revealed that BDDGE penetrates disposable PVC and rubber gloves in less than 30 min; thus, contaminated gloves should be replaced immediately. Reactive diluents should be included in patch test series if contact allergy to epoxy products is suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Basal keratinocyte herniation.

Basal cell herniations, i.e. basal keratinocyte processes protruding through basal lamina gaps were observed in psoriasis, circinate balanitis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, patch tests, gold dermatitis and conjunctivitis. This indicates that they are not specific to psoriasis and tumours as has been reported.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1987

Hair bulb accumulation of Langerhans cells in allergic patch tests.

The occurrence of occupational allergic contact dermatitis due to 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (EPTMAC) is reported and supplemented with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic observations. Four young workers developed hand dermatitis at a factory in which modified, cationic starch is manufactured. EPTMAC, a quaternary ammonium compound used as a cationizing chemical in the process, produced allergic reactions in all four patients in epicutaneous testing. The patients had only been in contact with EPTMAC for a short time (one to three months) before developing allergic eczema, which indicates that EPTMAC is a strong sensitizer. Immunohistochemistry showed that dendritic OKT6+ cells (Langerhans cells) increase in the hair follicles and the peribulbar infiltrate during the allergic patch test indicating that hair follicles might actively be involved in delayed type allergic reactions, possibly as a shunt way for allergens. Using electron microscopy, mitotic immunocompetent cells were found in the epidermis during the allergic patch test.

Azo Compounds↗
PubMed1987

Occupational contact dermatitis and contact urticaria caused by epoxy resins.

Over a ten-year period (1974-1983) 542 cases of allergic occupational contact dermatitis were diagnosed in our clinic. Epoxy resins caused 71 cases (13.1%) of occupational allergic contact dermatitis (CD), and three cases (0.6%) of irritant CD. One contact urticaria was caused by an epoxy resin hardener, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride. Epicutaneous testing with standard epoxy resin 1% in pet. (mainly oligomer of molecular weight 340) produced allergic reactions in all the patients with allergic CD with the exception of three. These three patients had allergic reactions only to their own resins. Testing the 71 patients of allergic CD with epoxy hardeners produced allergic reactions in 19 (26.8%). None of the patients had separate delayed contact allergy to epoxy hardeners without simultaneous contact allergy to standard epoxy resin.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

Contact urticaria from rubber gloves: a detailed description of four cases.

Four cases of contact urticaria from rubber gloves are presented in detail. Three of the four patients, including two atopics had present or previous hand dermatitis. The causative gloves were made of natural rubber. Interestingly, one patient also reacted to her synthetic nitrile rubber gloves which the distributor had sold her as plastic gloves, and explanation for this case is discussed. Contact urticaria should be taken into consideration when there is recalcitrant hand dermatitis in spite of regular use of polymeric protective gloves. Manufacturers should give more accurate and reliable information on the composition of the glove materials to distributors and consumers.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

Organic pigments in plastics can cause allergic contact dermatitis.

A short review on organic pigments in plastics as a cause of allergic contact dermatitis is presented. Previously, organic pigments have been reported as provoking allergic pigmented contact dermatitis when used in cosmetics. Here we present the case of a patient who developed allergic contact dermatitis from an organic pigment (Irgalite Orange F2G) in a plastic glove. This shows that organic pigments in plastics can also cause allergic contact dermatitis. The potential sensitizing capacity of organic pigments should be noted.

Coloring Agents↗
PubMed1986

Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry of toxic and allergic effects of methylmethacrylate on the skin.

Prolonged exposure of rat tail skin to methylmethacrylate (MMA) caused a toxic effect on all types of epidermal cells as judged by electron microscopy. Myelin figures as a sign of degeneration of nerve processes were observed in the dermis. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy of MMA allergic patch tests in humans corresponded to observations seen with other allergens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Dermatitis and urticaria from rubber and plastic gloves.

The number and nature of allergic occupational glove dermatoses were analysed. 542 cases of allergic contact dermatosis were diagnosed during 1974-1983. Amongst these, 68 (12.5%) were caused by rubber or plastic gloves. 2 patients had contact urticaria due to rubber gloves. Gloves were the main cause of occupational allergic rubber eczema, inducing 63 (58.3%) of 108 rubber eczema cases. 38 of them had positive reactions to rubber chemicals and glove material, 14 to glove material only, and 11 to rubber chemicals. 5 cases of allergic eczema from plastic gloves were diagnosed, all due to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 2 cases of contact urticaria from natural rubber gloves were diagnosed by a provocation test. Epicutaneous testing with material of natural rubber gloves and rubber chemicals was negative. The present study shows that allergy to rubber gloves is usual, while allergy to plastic gloves is rare. Thus, plastic gloves should be used, when possible. Patch testing with protective gloves should always be used when patients develop prolonged hand dermatitis and where the possibility of glove eczema exists.

Clothing↗
PubMed1986

Occupational dermatitis to 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

4 workers developed hand dermatitis in an automated starch modification process plant. 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (EPTMAC), a quaternary ammonium compound used as a cationizing chemical, produced allergic reactions in all 4 patients. They had only been in contact with EPTMAC for a short time before developing dermatitis, which indicates that EPTMAC is a strong sensitizer. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy showed the features of an allergic patch test. An industrial hygiene project was initiated at the factory to prevent new cases. It revealed many risks of skin contact with the process chemicals. Thus an automated process does not guarantee protection.

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

Occupational dermatitis due to an epoxy acrylate.

A dental assistant developed sensitivity to dental restorative materials within 3 months of starting to use them. They contained the epoxy acrylate BIS-GMA, which is the most commonly used dimethacrylate monomer in dental composite restorations. She was positive to a patch test with BIS-GMA, which was the probable allergen, and epoxy resin, but this substance was not present in the materials used, as shown by high performance liquid chromatography. The patient was also allergic to the disinfectant Desimex i containing dodecyl diaminoethyl glycine.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

PUVA--lentigo.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1984

Ichthyosis hystrix (Curth-Macklin). Light and electron microscopic studies performed before and after etretinate treatment.

Clinical and light and electron microscopic observations of a 16-year-old male patient suffering from ichthyosis hystrix (Curth-Macklin) are presented. The patient had no family history for this disease. The diagnosis was based on the distinct electron microscopic finding of continuous perinuclear tonofibril shells in the keratinocytes. About 10% of the keratinocytes were binucleate and one third contained conspicuous vacuoles. The steroid sulphatase activity in a skin biopsy was normal. Etretinate treatment proved beneficial during the first year of therapy. Later the treatment was less effective. The basic genetic defect persisted in the phenotype of the keratinocytes during etretinate therapy, but the exceedingly thick horny layer was considerably thinned.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A semiquantitative light and electron microscopic analysis of histopathologic changes in photochemotherapy-induced freckles.

Photochemotherapy(PUVA)-induced freckles were found in 25 patients (41%) who had received more than 1,000 J/cm2 of PUVA. The patients had been treated with PUVA for more than 2 years, with more than 150 exposures before PUVA lentigines appeared on the thighs, the upper arm, the mid-lower arm, the waist, and the buttocks. The histopathology of these freckles was analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopy showed an increased amount of pigment and melanophages and increased numbers and size of melanocytes. The keratinocytes often displayed atypical features such as enlarged nuclei, giant size, or fibrillar degeneration. Homogenization of the papillary dermis was observed in 11 patients. The activation of melanocytes was confirmed electron microscopically, and pathological features such as large amounts of lipid droplets and lysosome-melanosome complexes within the melanocytes were seen. The Langerhans cells were mostly normal, whereas the keratinocytes showed cytolytic changes, fibrillar degeneration, and vacuolization. A close follow-up of patients with prolonged PUVA treatment is recommended.

Epidermis↗