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Biomedical subjects

L K Romanova

Publications and source records attributed to L K Romanova.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in compound chest trauma with main damage to the lungs].

Lethal effect on alveolar macrophages is observed cytologically in all cases. Increase of neutrophils in alveols was found against the background of allergisation and inflammatory immune reactions. General state of patients with a syndrome of acute pulmonary damage but without parallel pulmonary pathology improved by day 5-20, neutrophillosis was moderate (22.8 +/- 8.3). On the contrary lavage liquid in patients with parallel pulmonary pathology had a high neutrophillosis (85.5 +/- 6.6). Endopulmonary cytogram allows prognosis and correction of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peculiarities of human lung prenatal morphogenesis at the first trimester of pregnancy in different periods after Chernobyl accident].

The comparative histological and morphometric analysis of the bronchial structures of human fetal lungs was performed. Fetal lungs were taken from pregnant women living in radionuclide polluted zones (Novozibcov, Bryansk region) or in control regions (Moscow) in different periods after Chernobyl accident. Relative areas of the bronchial epithelial tubes and mesenchyme, quantity of bronchial branches and buds (end sections) of epithelial tubes on cut area unit were determined. The dates received in 1992-1993 showed the delay of fetal bronchial growth and branching in comparison with control. It can be estimated as tissue dysplasia of lungs from fetuses of mothers living in Novozibcov. The material received in 1995 showed the more intensive growth of bronchial branches in human fetal lungs than the material from Novozibcov and of the Moscow control, taken in 1992-1993. These date suggest the heterogenous character of lung prenatal morphogenesis reactions of offspring from pregnant women lived in different periods on controllable territories of Bryansk region.

Bronchi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inhibiting effect of dioxidine on corticosteroid secretion in an experiment].

The determination of corticosterone and aldosterone levels in the peripheral blood of rats and a cortisol level in the blood of guinea pigs by a radioimmunoassay following the administration of dioxydin (1,4-N-oxide 2 2,3-dioxymethylquinoxaline) has shown that it produces an inhibiting effect upon the secretion of corticosteroid hormones in animals with a diverse direction of their biosynthesis. There is a dose dependence of the effect detected. Substitution therapy with corticosteroids cuts short adrenal insufficiency caused by dioxydin.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of phenobarbital, hexamidine and benzonal on the toxicity of dioxidine].

It has been shown in experiments on rats that phenobarbital, hexamidine and benzonal administered in doses producing the induction of liver microsomal enzymes reduce the total toxic action of dioxydin and pathological alterations in the adrenals induced by dioxydin. A possible mechanism of the effect under consideration is discussed.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of dioxidine and quinoxidine in a chronic toxicology experiment].

The toxicity of dioxydin and quinoxidine was studied in experiments on rats and mice given the drugs intravenously. The target organs for both drugs are the adrenals. The pathological process develops in their cortical layer and continues progressing after the drugs are discontinued. Quinoxidine appeared less toxic owing to which the pathological signs in the adrenals were reversible in the majority of animals given this drug in a dose of 100 mg/kg.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of the adrenals in the detoxication of dioxidine].

An original antibacterial drug dioxidine was subjected to toxicological studies during long-term parenteral administration of 0.5% solution to rats and guinea-pigs (in doses of 25-100 mg/kg). It was found that susceptibility to the drug correlated well with adrenal function. Guinea-pigs were more susceptible to dioxidine than rats. The data obtained indicate the existence of the interplay between non-specific resistance to toxic agents and glucocorticoid potency.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis].

The paper reports a case of pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in a 37-year-old female. The diagnosis was established clinically and roentgenologically. The cells of bronchoalveolar lavage were studied morphologically including transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Increased functional activity of alveolar macrophages (AM), a ten-fold increase of their mitotic index, numerous polynuclear AM and foreign-body cells have been revealed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The radiation effects of low doses of irradiation on human embryos and fetuses].

Data about the biological effect of irradiation at "small" doses on prenatal development of man are reviewed. The effect of irradiation is observed either immediately after it or in progeny, as consequences of radiation damage to the embryo or fetus. Human embryos and fetuses are most sensitive to ionizing irradiation during the periods of the maximal proliferative activity and differentiation of cells. The concept is formulated that any dose of irradiation, however small, can inflict damage to the embryo or fetus. Problems and perspectives for studies in this field are discussed.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The characteristics of the prenatal morphogenesis of human lungs in the area of the action of the radiation factors after the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

The effects of irradiation at low doses on prenatal development were studied using the abortion materials from the controlled zones of Bryansk Province, Russia. A possibility of transplacental transition of some radionuclides (90Sr and 137Cs) was shown, as well as appearance of their traces in tissues of some fetuses starting from the second trimester of pregnancy. The presence of radionuclides in the muscle and bones was combined in some cases with teratogenic effects, including lung hypoplasia. Reliable delay of the bronchi branching according to the morphometry of lung histological sections was found in the offspring of irradiated mothers during the first trimester of pregnancy, thus suggesting disturbed prenatal morphogenesis of the lungs. Lung hypoplasia was sometimes noted during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The lymphoid cells of the lungs in fetuses were activated and a trend was found to enhanced extravascular local erythroid hemopoiesis. This is considered by the authors as compensatory-adaptive cellular reactions in the respiratory organs to tissue hypoxia and antigenic stimuli from the irradiated maternal organism.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological characteristics of lungs in embryos and fetuses in women living in regions contaminated with radionuclides after accident at the Chernobyl power plant].

The possibility of transplacental passage of Cr-90 and Cs-137 as well as their traces appearance in descendants muscles and bones beginning from the 2nd pregnancy trimester (and this was sometimes associated with teratogenic effects) was demonstrated on the abortion material (human embryos and fetuses) from the controlled zones of the Bryansk region. Statistically significant inhibition of the bronchial branching (according to the morphometry of the lung histological section) this indicating the disturbance of the lung prenatal morphogenesis during the "pseudoglandular" developmental stage was observed in the 1st trimester of the pregnancy in the descendants of the irradiated mothers. Lung hypoplasia was observed in some cases in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of the pregnancy. Activation of lymphoid cells in the fetal lungs and the tendency to the enhancement in them of the ectopic erythroid hemopoiesis was revealed. These processes are considered as a reflection of the compensatory adaptive cellular reaction in the descendants respiratory organs in response to the tissue hypoxia and antigenic stimuli from the organism of the pregnant woman irradiated after the Chernobyl accident.

Adult↗