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Biomedical subjects

L K Bakland

Publications and source records attributed to L K Bakland.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Effect of retrograde cavity preparations on root apexes.

Ultrasonic cavity preparations in endodontic surgery has become a popular procedure with several advantages noted: Smaller cavities, deeper and cleaner preparations, less removal of surrounding bone needed for instrumentation and less removal of root apex dentin. Concern has been raised that lines of infraction have appeared in some instances when the ultrasonic instruments have been used. We wished to examine the result of cavity preparations in root apexes using five different methods: high and slow speed handpieces, sonic instruments, and ultrasonic instruments at two power settings, medium and high levels, respectively. The results showed that all the methods produced some infractions; the high power ultrasonics produced the most infractions while the lowest numbers were associated with the slow speed handpiece and ultrasonic instruments at the medium power setting.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed1996

Using mineral trioxide aggregate as a pulp-capping material.

This study examined the dental pulp responses in monkeys to mineral trioxide aggregate, or MTA, and a calcium hydroxide preparation when used as pulp-capping materials. After the pulps of 12 mandibular incisors were exposed with a No. 1 round bur, they were capped with either MTA or the calcium hydroxide preparation. After five months, the authors noted no pulpal inflammation in five of six samples capped with MTA, and all six pulps in this group had a complete dentin bridge. In contrast, all of the pulps capped with the calcium hydroxide preparation showed pulpal inflammation, and bridge formation occurred in only two samples. Based on these results, it appears that MTA has the potential to be used as a pulp-capping material during vital pulp therapy.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed1996

Examination of the dentally traumatized patient.

A thorough examination of the dentally traumatized patient is the first step in arriving at the correct diagnosis and subsequent treatment plan. A medical history and evaluation is part of the initial examination along with an oral exam during which detailed information is recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of crown fractures.

A crown fracture with or without pulpal involvement presents a significant problem to the patient and dentist alike. The management of the crown fracture with pulpal involvement often involves a multitude of possible clinical presentations and, therefore, many treatment options.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1992

Anatomical relationship of the mandibular canal to its surrounding structures in mature mandibles.

A lack of agreement exists in the literature regarding the anatomical relationship of the mandibular canal to its surrounding structures such as the root apices. The purpose of this investigation was to study the spatial relationship of the mandibular canal to the posterior teeth in dried human mandibles. Twenty-two mature dried mandibles were sectioned through the root apices of the first and second premolars and molars. Second premolars and second molars had the closest distances to the canal with a mean of 4.7 mm and 3.7 mm, respectively. With a mean of 6.9 mm, the apices of the mesial roots of the first molars were farthest from the canal. The canal pathway in mature mandibles followed in S-shaped curve in 31% of the cases. In 41% of the cases it was located lingual (19%), buccal (17%), or directly inferior (5%) to the apices of the posterior teeth. In 28% of the cases the canal could not be identified clearly in the second premolar and first molar regions. In a typical S-shaped configuration the canal was located buccal to the distal root of the second molar, crossed to the lingual below the second molar mesial root, ran lingual to the first molar, and crossed back to the buccal apical to the apex of the second premolar. Based on our results it appears that the mandibular second premolar and second molar are the most likely teeth to be involved in accidental damage to the mandibular canal during root canal therapy.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1992

Root resorption.

Several types of resorption affect teeth: internal, external, invasive, pressure, and idiopathic resorption. Diagnosis depends on an accurate medical and dental history, and radiographic and clinical examination. Because trauma appears to be a major factor associated with resorption, questions regarding past traumatic events may provide good leads to a likely cause. Treatment is determined based on a correct diagnosis. Root canal therapy is very beneficial in cases of internal resorption and external, inflammatory resorption. In cases of invasive resorption, it may or may not be necessary, whereas in replacement and pressure resorption, root canal therapy is not indicated at all (unless unrelated pulpal conditions necessitate endodontic intervention). Prevention of resorption includes appropriate treatment of traumatically injured teeth with frequent evaluation visits during the first year following an injury. Early detection of pressure-producing agents such as cysts, tumors, and impacted teeth can allow timely treatment to minimize the resorptive destruction.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Trauma to the oral cavity.

Sports events, particularly those in which mouth protectors are not commonly used, can be associated with injuries to the oral structures. While the incidence of sports-related orofacial injuries is not as high as for other traumatic events, the incidence could be reduced further by increased use of mouth and face protection. When injuries occur, quick action by primary health care providers can significantly improve the final outcome of the definitive treatment. Also important is appropriate follow-up evaluation and care since the effect of trauma on teeth is not always immediately apparent. Destructive resorption, unnecessary tooth loss, and possible alveolar infections may be prevented by referral to appropriate health care providers for evaluation following the initial urgent care of trauma patients.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of endodontic urgent care cases.

This article describes treatment for urgent care cases involving the dental pulp and periradicular tissues: acute pain of pulpal or periradicular origin, acute pain from endodontic procedures, and management of traumatically injured teeth.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Quantitation of circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins G and M, and C3 complement component in patients with large periapical lesions.

The serum concentrations of circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins G and M, and the C3 complement component of thirty patients with one to three large periapical lesions were measured and compared with those of patients with no periapical lesions. The results indicate that there is no statistical difference between the two groups, and it appears that chronic periapical lesions cannot act as a focus to cause systemic diseases via immune complexes.

Adolescent↗