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Biomedical subjects

L Jokipii

Publications and source records attributed to L Jokipii.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Organ distribution of immunocompetent cells in guinea pigs. II. Spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, or thymus cells in the restoration of the splenic plaque-forming cell response to sheep erythrocytes after irradiation.

The splenic plaque-forming cell response of inbred guinea pigs to sheep erythrocytes was abolished by whole-body X-irradiation with 600 rad. The minimum doses of various cell types from normal syngeneic donors to restore the response significantly were 100 X 10(6) spleen or lymph node cells or 500 X 10(6) bone marrow or thymus cells. The combination of 100 X 10(6) thymus and 100 X 10(6) bone marrow cells provided statistically significant restoration, but not much more than 100 X 10(6) bone marrow cells alone. The lack of thymus-marrow synergism suggests that in guinea pigs the antigen-reactive cells and antibody-forming cell precursors are not in the same way enriched in the thymus and bone marrow as in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Dose response relationships and interference of simultaneous skin tests in delayed hypersensitivity.

The relationship between the intensity of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction and the dose of antigen used for its elicitation change with time after sensitization. At three weeks the reactions to 100 mug of egg albumen were little different from those to 1 mug but at 14 weeks 100 mug gave much stronger reactions. This means that to follow the development of a delayed hypersensitivity response several antigen doses should be used. If two skin tests were performed simultaneously in the same individual, the stronger one suppressed the weaker one, regardless of whether two different doses of the same antigen or two different antigens were used. Consequently, not more than one skin test at a time should be performed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The in vitro activity of ampicillin, amoxicillin, cephalexin, nitrofurantoin, sulphadiazine and trimethoprim against Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from urinary and other infections.

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 100 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae varied as follows: ampicillin 0.1 to greater than 1 mg/l, amoxicillin 0.03 to 0.5 mg/l, cephalexin 2 to greater than 16 mg/l, nitrofurantoin 8 to greater than 64 mg/l, sulphadiazine all greater than 500 mg/l and trimethoprim less than 3.9 to greater than 250 mg/l. The MICs of the beta-lactams were not affected by inoculum density. Amoxicillin was 2.5 times as active as ampicillin. Sulphadiazine and trimethoprim acted synergistically, and the average factor of potentiation exceeded 5.9. The growth curves and drug susceptibilities of 19 strains isolated from urine were similar to those of the 81 strains isolated from other sources.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cryptosporidium in asymptomatic children.

Recent reviews state that cryptosporidiosis is a disease particularly of young children, but we have found the opposite age distribution, with no cases in children less than 5 years old. No Cryptosporidium species was detected in fecal samples obtained from 423 healthy preschool children, for a prevalence of less than 0.24%. When these results were combined with our previous data (from a study of diagnostic stool samples), the prevalence of Cryptosporidium among children less than 5 years of age in the Helsinki area was calculated to be less than 0.18%. The worldwide prevalence of Cryptosporidium among asymptomatic children is less than 0.5% if a few exceptional localities with high prevalences (which probably have a local explanation) are excluded from the calculations. Since the Helsinki area turned out to be no exception, the age distribution of symptomatic cryptosporidiosis also needs further study that would take into account simultaneous asymptomatic carrier rates and a significant local variation.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bacteria in the middle ear and ear canal of patients with secretory otitis media and with non-inflamed ears.

Aerobic and anaerobic semiquantitative bacteriological cultures were taken from 110 mucoid middle ear effusions and the respective ear canals of 74 patients with secretory otitis media (SOM). Additionally, mucosal pieces from 20 non-inflamed middle ears and swabs from the ear canals were cultured similarly. Bacteria were found in 35 effusions and 65 ear canals with SOM; in both sites the most frequent species were S. epidermidis and S. aureus, and the species distributions were not significantly different in the sites. Ten effusions grew bacteria not culturable in the respective ear canal samples. Anaerobes were found in one effusion only. Nine non-inflamed middle ears revealed bacteria; the species distribution was no different from SOM, and four of the bacteria were not found in the ear canal of the same ear. In conclusion, there may be bacteria in the middle ear in the absence of inflammation and in SOM, but the role of viable bacteria seems to be nil in an established secretory otitis media.

Adolescent↗