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Biomedical subjects

L Jacobs

Publications and source records attributed to L Jacobs.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1965

Toxoplasmosis.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of long cDNA from viral RNA template.

Methods to make long and reliable cDNA from viral RNA template have been optimized. The conditions of the denaturation of the viral RNA template were most critical. For synthesis of the first DNA strand, the concentration of the primer and the presence of an RNase inhibitor were important. During the synthesis of the second strand, the incubation temperature was found to have effect on the length of the transcripts. Application of our optimized conditions on coronaviral genomic RNA as template resulted in cDNA libraries with inserts in the range of 0.5-5 kb without a separate cDNA size selection. Furthermore, a convenient variant of the alcohol precipitation and the analysis of single-stranded DNA on neutral agarose gels are described.

1-Propanol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of wild-type Aujeszky's disease virus by polymerase chain reaction in sheep vaccinated with a modified live vaccine strain.

An outbreak of Aujeszky's disease occurred in a flock of sheep which had been housed together with pigs. After the death of five sheep with clinical signs of Aujeszky's disease, the remaining sheep were vaccinated with the Bartha vaccine strain, and the pigs were vaccinated with the 783 vaccine strain of Aujeszky's disease virus. Despite vaccination, however, more sheep died. Brain tissues from four sheep were collected for virus isolation and for immunohistological examinations. Only vaccine virus (gE-negative) was detected in the tissue. After DNA restriction enzyme analysis of the isolated virus, DNA of one or both of the vaccine strains was detected in all sheep. In one sheep field virus DNA was also detected. However, when the polymerase chain reaction was performed on samples prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues, DNA of field virus (gE-positive) was detected in all four sheep. It was probable that the sheep had not yet mounted a sufficient immune response to the vaccine virus, or were already infected with field virus at the time of vaccination. We concluded that the sheep died from field virus infection and not from vaccine virus infection and that only the polymerase chain reaction made it possible to specifically detect even very small amounts of field virus DNA among vaccine virus DNA in all investigated sheep.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multicentre double-blind study of effect of intrathecally administered natural human fibroblast interferon on exacerbations of multiple sclerosis.

In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year multicentre study intrathecally administered natural human fibroblast interferon (IFN-B) was effective in reducing exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with exacerbating/remitting disease. The mean reduction in exacerbation rate of 34 patients who received IFN-B (recipients) was significantly greater during the study than that of 35 patients who received placebo (p less than 0.04). The prestudy exacerbation rates were comparable in recipients and controls, but the rate at the end of the study was significantly lower in recipients than in controls (p less than 0.001). IFN-B was given by nine or ten lumbar punctures over the first 6 months of the study, and patient observations continued for 2 years. IFN-B was well tolerated in 95% of the recipients, and the side-effects experienced were clearly acceptable for the benefits achieved. Low doses of indomethacin reduced the toxicity of IFN-B and played an important role in successful double-blinding.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prehospital blood transfusion versus crystalloid alone in the air medical transport of trauma patients.

INTRODUCTION: Differences in prehospital resuscitation measures and outcomes of trauma patients transported by two air medical programs were assessed comparing the prehospital administration of crystalloid only (Group A) with the administration of 2 liters of crystalloid followed by blood (Group B). METHODS: A 1-year retrospective review of flight and hospital records of patients taken to Level I trauma centers by two separate air medical programs was completed. Physiologic variables, total fluids infused, and flight times were compared. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (Group A) received crystalloids in flight, and 17 patients received in-flight blood (Group B). No statistical differences were found between the two groups when comparing age, ISS, PS, RTS, GCS, survival, and total fluid volume. Group B had statistically greater mean flight times compared with Group A (P < .05). A difference was demonstrated between groups A and B in pH and HCO3 measurements (P < .05), with Group B presenting in a more acidotic state on admission to the hospital. CONCLUSION: Patients with lengthy flight times, despite the administration of blood products, presented to the trauma center more acidotic than trauma patients receiving only crystalloid. The true impact of blood products on outcome could not be demonstrated because of statistical differences in flight times between the groups. A multicenter study matching flight times, head injury status, and flight type of assess benefit of prehospital utilization of blood products is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Natural disasters.

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Bioterrorism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prostaglandin E1 and papaverine: a comparative study on the ability to increase the penile bloodpool as measured by the 99mTc-penogram in the baboon model.

The evaluation of arterial blood supply and venous drainage of the penis is essential in assessing the impotent male. The vaso-active drugs prostaglandin E1 and papaverine, as intracavernous injections, cause penile erections in humans by influencing the arterial blood supply and venous drainage. These drugs were used in the normal baboon and in vascular compromised baboons using a 99mTc-penogram to quantify the vascular status of the penis. Ligation of the A. Iliaca Interna was performed to change the penile blood supply, thus compromising the vascular supply. It was observed that pre- and post-operatively, the increase in the penile bloodpool was more dramatic although not significantly so (P less than 0.05), but more variable after papaverine than with prostaglandin E1. The effect was even more enhanced (P less than 0.05) in the vascular compromised baboons so that the occurrence of priapism after papaverine can speculatively not be excluded. Also the more consistent vasoactive response after prostaglandin E1 seems to establish it as the superior intracavernous injectable agent.

Alprostadil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lectin receptors in the human cornea.

Five different biotin labeled lectins, Concanavalin-A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA1), Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA1), and soybean agglutinin (SBA) were used to study lectin receptors on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded human corneas. Con A stained the cytoplasm, cell, and nuclear membranes of the epithelial cells and stained the stroma diffusely. WGA stained the superficial epithelial cells, the epithelial cell membranes, and the keratocytes of the stroma. SBA did not react with any of the corneal layers. RCA1 heavily stained the keratocytes but did not stain the epithelium. UEA1 lightly stained the epithelial cell cytoplasm and interstitial stroma. All staining reactions could be abolished by omission of the lectin or by the use of the appropriate inhibitory sugar. The lectin binding patterns reported here provide a means for further investigation of carbohydrate structures in the human cornea in both normal and disease states.

Cornea↗