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Biomedical subjects

L J Strand

Publications and source records attributed to L J Strand.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Short-term efficacy and side effects of cloprednol in children with asthma.

Efficacy and safety of alternate-day prednisolone compared to single daily cloprednol were evaluated over a six-week period in 11 children with severe asthma requiring in-residence medical supervision and long-term corticosteroid therapy. Clinical indices of efficacy, including daily pulmonary symptom scores, number of asthma attacks, asthma severity scores, and bronchodilator usage, all favored cloprednol. Afternoon pulmonary function tests (FEV1, FVC, and PEFR) were all significantly improved during the cloprednol period. Although plasma cortisol values remained within the broad range of normal during the cloprednol period, mean values were consistent with partial pituitary-adrenal suppression similar in degree to that observed 24 hours after administration of an alternate-day program of prednisolone therapy. The results of this trial showed cloprednol in single daily doses to be more effective than prednisolone in alternate doses for the treatment of children with severe asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A review of upper-gastrointestinal effects of the newer nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.

Newer nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAI's) such as ibuprofen, neproxen, fenoprofen, and tolmetin have broadened the therapeutic choice and increased the chances of providing optimum arthritis control, but require careful assessment of the possibilities for unwanted drug effects when long-term therapy is required. A review of the literature on the gastrointestinal effects of the promising newer NSAIs, as compared with the older agents, aspirin, indomethacin, and phenylbutazone, is presented, highlighting animal toxicology and human adverse reaction surveillance data and the evidence for various suggested pathophysiological mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cloprednol bioavailability in humans.

The bioavailability of cloprednol, a new systemic corticosteroid, was examined in a 12-subject crossover study in which two capsules, a tablet, and a solution were tested. Plasma was analyzed for cloprednol by a GLC-mass spectrometric method. The biological half-life, peak plasma concentration, peak time, plasma concentration at all sampling times, and plasma areas were evaluated for differences (p less than or equal to 0.05) in comparisons of pairs among the four formulations. An analysis of variance revealed that cloprednol was absorbed to the same extent from all formulations and rapidly cleared from the plasma with a half-life of 1.86 +/- 0.36 (SD) hr. All plasma profile parameters from the solid dose formulations were the same, demonstrating bioequivalence in both rate and extent of absorption. Significant differences were observed between the solution and solid dose formulations with respect to peak time, 15-min plasma concentration, and 0-30 min area, indicative of faster absorption from the solution; however, total plasma areas were the same for all four formulations. Comparison of plasma cloprednol levels in this study to those of a prior intravenous-oral dose study suggests that cloprednol was completely bioavailable from all formulations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of synemol cream and other topical corticosteroid creams using the vasoconstrictor bioassay.

The human vasoconstrictor bioassay was used to assess the potency of open applications of Synemol cream (0.025%), Diprosone cream (0.05%), Aristocort-A cream (0.5%), and Valisone cream (0.1%). Intensity of vasoconstriction was determined eight, twenty-four, and thirty-two hours after application. Results obtained from the average intensity scores of the three determinations indicated that Synemol cream (0.025%) is actually a more active compound than are Diprosone cream (0.05%), Aristocort-A cream (0.5%), and Valisone cream (0.1%), and that its activity is longer acting.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

Effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.

The effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function were studied in healthy subjects after administration of a single oral dose of corticosteroid at 6 a.m. or 6 p.m., and after daily 6 a.m. administration of corticosteroids at various doses for seven days. The degree of HPA suppression was assessed by metyrapone tests (METP), insulin hypoglycaemia tests (IHT) and 6 a.m. fasting plasma cortisol concentrations. Regardless of the corticosteroid tested, 6 p.m. dosing was at least four-fold more suppressive of METP response than 6 a.m. administration. At therapeutically equivalent doses, single doses of triamcinolone and dexamethasone were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than cloprednol, hydrocortisone or prednisolone, After 6 a.m. administration for seven days, 12-5 mg of cloprednol did not impair the cortisol response to IHT or interfere with the METP response. The clinically equivalent dose of prednisolone (25 mg) resulted in slightly greater HPA-axis suppression. All doses of dexamethasone (0-5, 3-75 and 6-0 mg) and of betamethasome (2-0, 4-0 and 6-5 mg) were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than either cloprednol or prednisolone. These results suggest that at equipotent anti-inflammatory doses, cloprednol is slightly less suppressive of HPA-axis function than prednisolone, and both cloprednol and prednisolone are much less suppressive than dexamethasone or betamethasone.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolic effects of cloprednol-a new systemic corticosteroid.

The short-term metabolic effects of cloprednol, a new short-acting synthetic corticosteroid, were evaluated in four normal subjects. Cloprednol, 12.5 mg/day, in one subject had no appreciable effect on urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, nitrogen, or calcium. Cloprednol, 20 mg/day, in three subjects had no significant effect on mean daily urinary sodium and potassium excretion, although mild, transient sodium retention and kaliuresis were observed. One subject had increased nitrogen excretion and all three had a small increase in calcium excretion. Prednisolone, 40 mg/day, a dose with antiinflammatory potency equivalent to 20 mg/day cloprednol, given subsequently to two subjects under identical conditions resulted in sodium and potassium excretion results similar to those of cloprednol, 20 mg/day, but produced a much greater increase in nitrogen and calcium excretion. These results suggest that, like prednisolone, cloprednol lacks the sodium-retaining properties of hydrocortisone and raise the possibility that cloprednol has less of a deleterious effect on nitrogen and calcium excretion than prednisolone.

Adult↗