The in vitro activity of tosufloxacin (A-61827), a new quinolone antibiotic, was compared with that of four other quinolones against 162 bacterial enteric pathogens. Susceptibility testing was performed by using an agar dilution method. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic without visible growth. Tosufloxacin was the most active agent against Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli, and ciprofloxacin was the most active agent against Salmonella, Shigella, and Vibrio. The frequency of spontaneous point mutational resistance to tosufloxacin for three C. jejuni ranged from 1.2 x 10(-9) to 5.1 x 10(-13). No significant differences in mutational frequency were seen among the quinolones.

Anti-Infective Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro activity of new quinoxaline compounds against Campylobacter species and Clostridium difficile.

SC-44914 and SC-44942-A are two new quinoxaline compounds with a spectrum of activity similar to that of metronidazole. We studied the activity of SC-44914 and SC-44942-A against 35 Campylobacter jejuni, 30 C. coli, and 20 Clostridium (Cl.) difficile and compared it with that of metronidazole by utilizing an agar dilution method. The quinoxalines had little activity against the C. jejuni and C. coli [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)90 > or = 64 micrograms/ml]. SC-44914 and SC-44942-A had excellent activity against Cl. difficile (MIC90 < or = 0.06 micrograms/ml for SC 44914, and 0.5 micrograms/ml for SC-44942A).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni: experience in a large Chicago medical center.

From January 1979 through December 1979, 2069 stool specimens received by our laboratory for enteric culturing were additionally examined for the presence of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni. The study population included inpatients, outpatients and hospital food handlers. Patients were included regardless of symptoms. Enteric pathogens were identified as follows: Salmonella, 27 isolates; Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni, 26 isolates; and Shigella, 11 isolates. Twenty-five of 26 patients with stool cultures positive for Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni had an acute diarrheal illness. Diarrhea, fever and chills were the most common symptoms. In most patients the disease was self-limited, requiring only supportive therapy. A seasonal variation was noted, with 14 of the 26 patients presenting between July and September.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Composition of A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic.

In recent years, the use of tissue-equivalent materials has become quite common in fast-neutron dosimetry, with the A-150 plastic developed by Shonka et al. probably the most popular. Information on this specific plastic is scantily reported in the literature and as a consequence a preponderance of authors unknowingly reference an article by Shonka describing an early version of a tissue substitute plastic but having a different elemental composition than the present A-150 formulation. We have reviewed the results of 21 chemical analyses which have occurred over a time span of four years on a total of 14 samples of A-150 plastic and based on these data and the formulation of the plastic, have arrived at a suggested composition for A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic. The ambiguities of water absorption by nylon, one of the components of the plastic, and the uncertainty this reflects in the composition of the plastic were evaluated.

Fast Neutrons↗