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Biomedical subjects

L J DiDio

Publications and source records attributed to L J DiDio.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The mandibulo-stylohyoid ligament.

The mandibulo-stylohyoid ligament was studied in both sides of five cadavers, the surgical importance of the structure is confirmed and the anatomical importance as a landmark is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intestinal transit time is delayed by artificial sphincters after massive enterectomy in dogs.

Artificial sphincters were created in three groups of dogs after the resection of 87.5 percent of the intestine in each animal. Intestinal transit time was measured after 6 weeks by observing the passage of a radiopaque medium through the animals' intestinal tracts. No statistically significant differences were found between the intestinal transit times of dogs with one artificial sphincter and control animals. In dogs with two artificial sphincters there was a delay in the radiologically monitored intestinal transit time that was statistically significant compared with that of the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anatomy as art and science.

Anatomy is the science that deals with morphology, in both non-living and living organisms or any of their parts, from the submolecular level to man and his environment. It correlates structure to function in the study of physiopathologic phenomena as applied to the practice of medicine and related medical or health fields. Anatomists seek morphological values and study human biological universality and variation in individuals and in populations at all levels of structure, ranging from macroscopy of organic systems, their arrangement, interaction and combination, to the microscopy of subcellular components. In brief, at each moment and at all levels, "form is the plastic image of function" (Ruffini 1925). As an art, anatomy expresses the harmonious combination of form and function.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1985

Morphological and histochemical study of the submandibular gland in Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis.

The submandibular gland in female and male Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis (a South African multimammate rodent) was studied using light microscopy and techniques for the demonstration of carbohydrates. Hematoxylin and eosin stain revealed the presence of a single secreting component that gave a strongly positive PAS reaction. Limiting elements of the granular tubules gave a weakly positive PAS reaction. Acidic glycoproteins were evidenced only in granules of the acinar component.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Microscopic study of normal parietal pericardium and unimplanted Puig-Zerbini pericardial valvular heterografts.

This investigation used light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy to study native human and bovine parietal pericardium, glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardial patch-grafts, and bovine pericardial cusps of unimplanted Incor or Puig - Zerbini heart valves. The primary objective was to obtain a data base for the future evaluation of postimplantation structural alteration in this valve and in other cardiac valvular bioprostheses constructed of pericardium. The mesothelial cell layer in normal pericardium was best preserved in the bovine tissue. In both bovine patch-grafts and Puig - Zerbini valvular cusps, the serosal surface usually was completely devoid of mesothelial cells and revealed an underlying, finely fibrillar basal lamina. The fibrosa varied in thickness and organization, both within and between the two species, but similar nervous, vascular, and connective tissue components were observed in each. The epipericardial surface was smoother, had fewer elastic fibers, and possessed more surface cells in the human tissue than in the bovine tissue. No evidence of significant tissue degeneration or remodeling was noted in either the stored patch-grafts or heart valves when compared with control bovine and human pericardial tissue layers.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

History of the pancreas.

The pancreas was generally ignored in antiquity, both as an organ and as a seat of disease. The first description of the pancreas is attributed to Herophilus. It was in the 17th century that the main duct of the organ was described and its significance demonstrated. At that time, Brunner thought that the pancreas was not essential to digestion, and he failed to associate the pancreas with diabetes. Claude Bernard discovered the function of the pancreas in digestion. In 1922, Banting and Best obtained isletin and demonstrated the capacity of the substance to cause a dog to recover from diabetic coma. In 1889, Reginald Fitz firmly established pancreatitis as a disease entity. In 1927, the first case of hyperinsulinism due to a tumor of the islet cells was reported. Twenty-eight years later, Zollinger and Ellison described two patients with unusually severe peptic ulcer disease, both of whom had noninsulin-secreting tumors of the pancreatic islets. Subsequently, gastrin was isolated as the hormone responsible for this syndrome. In March 1940, Dr. O. Whipple performed the first recorded one-stage pancreaticoduodenectomy. Much progress has been made since then and today transplantation of isolated islets and portions of whole pancreas is a reality.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Artificial sphincters as surgical treatment for experimental massive resection of small intestine.

A modification of the technique of Schiller, DiDio, and Anderson was adopted by extending removal of the longitudinal layer of the muscular coat to the entire perimeter of a segment of the small intestine in dogs, resulting in the construction of artificial sphincters, to assist animals undergoing enterectomy. The creation of one or two artificial sphincters prolonged the survival of dogs undergoing massive resection of the small intestine (87.5 percent of the total length).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Evidence of remodeling in dura mater cardiac valves.

Subcellular changes in 12 dura mater cardiac valves (in the mitral or aortic position) surgically removed after 23 to 108 months of implantation owing to calcification, rupture, or endocarditis show signs of a remodeling process. Significant morphologic changes in the connective tissue fiber matrices and cell populations were noted in the recovered valvular leaflets. Macrophages were found within electronlucent (cleared-out) areas, and they seemed to play an essential role in the remodeling process by ingesting and digesting selected connective tissue components. Fibroblasts found within these "rebuilding" areas in the dura mater tissue possessed small cytoplasmic vesicles (65 nm in diameter) being extruded from the cell. Evidence of early collagen formation was also found in association with both peripheral filaments and peripheral condensations, as well as within the connective tissue matrices surrounding the cellular elements, where electron dense amorphous material was observed. In conclusion, the long-term durability of dura mater bioprosthetic cardiac valves may be directly related to (1) glycerin stabilization and preservation of the collagen fibers, (2) the viability of the fibroblasts and macrophages within the implanted valves, and (3) the unique morphology and fine structure of the double-layered dura mater encephali. We hypothesize that the fibroblasts or myofibroblast-like cells found within the implanted leaflets, no matter what their origin, are capable of giving form and organization to the early developing connective tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Posterior gastric artery and its significance as seen in angiograms.

The posterior gastric artery was detected angiographically in 46 or 100 patients (46 percent). The importance of radiologic detection of the presence or absence of this artery is emphasized, especially in surgical procedures related to the stomach and immediately adjacent structures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Endocardial alterations in myocardial infarction.

Transmural infarcts of the ventrolateral wall of canine left ventricle were produced by ligation of the ventral interventricular (anterior descending) branch of the left coronary artery. Endocardium from these infarcted hearts was sampled at sites corresponding to the infarct center and periphery, and to uninfarcted (normal) area at 24 and 48 hours after ligation, and examined by correlative scanning and transmission electron microscopy and by light microscopy. Endocardial samples from sham-ligated hearts were included as a further control. Striking alterations were observed in the endocardium that lined infarcted myocardium. There was endothelial desquamation coextensive with leukocytic invasion. Leukocytes appeared to initiate sloughing by separating the endothelial cells from their basal lamina and partially from one another. The latter cells desquamated in sheets, leaving behind a denuded basal lamina. Although altered in form, the individual endothelial cells seemed to remain largely intact. Denuded subendothelial surfaces only rarely contained thrombi. In areas where the cardiac endothelium was altered, the subjacent subendocardium, myocardium, and usually the remainder of the endocardium also showed leukocytic exudate. Samples from uninfarcted regions showed an intact, leukocyte-free endocardium, as did the sham-ligated controls. The appearance of abnormal endocardium was qualitatively similar wherever found, whether in different areas of the same heart or from one heart to another, and regardless of age of infarct. In 48-hour infarcts, almost all of the central and most of the peripheral samples exhibited the changes described. The data suggested a similar pattern for hearts with 24-hour infarcts. By locating biopsy sites in frozen cardiac sections processed for histologic staining and 201-thallium autoradiography, the electron microscopy results were shown to correlate with the intramural histopathologic topography of the infarcts. The alterations described here represent the endocardial manifestation of the inflammatory stage of transmural infarcts, known to be well developed in 1- and 2-day-old lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Incidence and surgical importance of the posterior gastric artery.

In a series of 61 adult cadavers, the posterior gastric artery was found in 38 (62.3%), originating from the superior aspect of the mid-third of the splenic artery. The posterior gastric artery, running behind the parietal peritoneum of the omental bursa, produced a peritoneal fold before reaching the posterior wall of the superior portion of the gastric body, near the cardiac region, and the fundus. Its high incidence, hidden origin, deep course, and distribution make this artery very important for surgical procedures relating to the stomach, pancreas, spleen, and celiac region. It may be crucial, especially if partial gastric resection of splenectomy have obliterated other gastric vessels.

Arteries↗
PubMed1975

Contractile microfilaments in granulosa cells. An ultrastructural and immunochemical study.

Electron microscope observations demonstrated bundles of microfilaments measuring 40-70 A in diameter in the granulosa cells of normal developing follicles of rabbit ovary. The microfilaments appeared concentrated in the cortical areas of the cytoplasm and within large evaginations and microvilli. In addition the filaments were particularly abundant in the granulosa cells of corona radiata and free cells in the cavity. Immunofluorescent staining on frozen sections of rabbit ovary demonstrated that the granulosa cells of developing follicles bind antimyosin-like antibodies (AMA). Considering the correspondence between the immunochemical and ultrastructural fingings it is suggested that the microfilaments contain a "myosin-like" protein. It seems then reasonable to suggest that the ovarian follicles are not kinetically passive organs, but they contain contractile filaments for their specific functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Myocardium of hypothermic rats with and without administration of dextran. Electrocardiographic and electron microscopic studies.

Electrocardiographic and electron microscopic alterations in the myocardium were investigated in rats subjected to hypothermia with and without injection of dextran. Twenty-two animals were divided into four groups and studied. The first group of five rats served as the control group. The second group of six rats, which were subjected to total body hypothermia developed arrhythmia (from first degree atrioventricular block to complete heart block) at a mean rectal temperature of 18 degrees C., with prolongation of P,P-R, and QRS duration, as well as a marked separation of intercalated discs, articularly at the level of the fascia adherens. The third group of six rats was subjected to hypothermia and to an injection of dextran. The resulting threshold temperature tthe temperature at which the arrhythmia appeared) was lower (16 degrees C.) than in the preceding group (p less than 0.005), but neither advanced atrioventricular block nor remarkable subcellular structural changes developed. The fourth group of five rats was sacrificed 18 to 24 hours following recovery from hypothermia and, at that time, showed no significant electrocardiographic or electron microscopic alterations.

Animals↗