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Biomedical subjects

L Humair

Publications and source records attributed to L Humair.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute myocardial necrosis caused by lightning.

A 24-year-old woman was struck by lightning and suffered 20% second degree burns. She was admitted after cardiac and respiratory arrest. Despite intensive supportive care she died 24 h later of cardiogenic shock complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. At autopsy there was myocardial necrosis. Disseminated intravascular coagulation and myocardial necrosis are only rarely described as complications of lightning.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Botulism: apropos of a local epidemic].

The authors report a small outbreak of botulism in a family following the consumption of homedried ham. Diagnosis was based on clinical pictures and isolation of the toxin. The epidemiology, physiopathology and recent advances in knowledge of this rare disease are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Vascular spasm and gangrene during heparin-dihydro-ergotamine prophylaxis.

A case is reported of a multiple trauma victim who developed severe vascular spasm whilst receiving heparin-dihydro-ergotamine thromboembolic prophylaxis which ultimately led to amputation of the right foot. Identification of high risk groups for this complication is attempted from a review of the literature. Treatment should be with intra-arterial or intravenous nitroprusside or nitrates. Little information is as yet available on the use of prostacyclin in this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Erosive group G streptococcal arthritis. Case report and review of the literature.

A case of Group G streptococcal arthritis in a previously healthy man is reported. The 2nd and 3rd metatarso-phalangeal joints of the left foot were simultaneously affected. Unusual erosive joint destruction occurred in spite of early therapy and clinical improvement. Circulating immune complexes were raised and were not completely normal at 1 year.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Circulating anticoagulant in CREST syndrome.

We report the discovery of a circulating anticoagulant in a patient suffering from CREST syndrome. The patient was first seen with a microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia which led to the diagnosis of the CREST syndrome. Several months later, prior to a cataract operation, a routine coagulation screen (prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time) was abnormal. Investigation showed the presence of a circulating anticoagulant as well as a decrease in several clotting factors, principally factor VIII C.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Periarteritis nodosa in a patient carrying simultaneously HBs, HBc and HBe antigens and anti-HBs antibodies].

A patient was recently observed who was a carrier simultaneously of the HBs antigen and the HBs antibody after hepatitis. He presented with a multisystem disease affecting the peripheral nervous system, the prostate and the bladder. Biopsy of these two latter organs demonstrated necrotizing vasculitis compatible with periarteritis nodosa. An atypical immunological response to the hepatitis B virus, as found in our patient, may induce extrahepatic lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Campylobacter fetus bacteremia].

Five cases of Campylobacter fetus bacteremia are reported. This germ, found in blood cultures, induces high fever and is accompanied by either gastroenteritis with colitis or thrombophlebitis. Other, but much rarer septic sites are the meninges and endocardium. Patients already debilitated by chronic disease are more susceptible to bacteremia with Campylobacter fetus, which worsens the prognosis of the infection. Although non-debilitated patients can contract this infection, the prognosis here is more favourable. Antibiotic treatment is indicated in all cases. Campylobacter fetus bacteremias are rare and their pathogenesis still little understood. This "microaerophil" germ does not survive in air which makes culturing difficult under ordinary conditions. On the other hand, Campylobacter jejuni induces gastrocolitis with spontaneous recovery. It is found in feces and thrives in contaminated water and milk.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Salivary electrolytes and digitalis.

The hypothesis that an increase in salivary concentration of certain electrolytes (Ca X K) is a sign of digitalis intoxication was tested in 16 untreated health volunteers, 29 digitalized heart failure patients and four further healthy volunteers given digoxin. Salivary electrolyte levels were raised in only about half the digitalized patients and blood levels of digoxin were not always higher in these patients than in those with normal electrolyte concentrations. The salivary electrolyte levels of the healthy volunteers given digoxin remained normal. These findings would seem to rule out the possibility that digitalis is responsible for the changes in salivary electrolytes observed in certain cases of heart failure. A very marked correlation (P less than 0.00002 by Fisher's exact probability test) was found, however, between an increase in the product of salivary calcium and potassium (Casal X Ksal) and the presence of clinical signs of poorly compensated heart failure. It is suggested that this might be a result of adrenergic stimulation, which is known to occur in heart failure, affecting the salivary glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Bumetanide in renal insufficiency].

Intravenous bumetanide was tested in patients with cardiac and renal failure with creatinine clearance below 12 ml/min. Water diuresis and natriuresis occur 2 or 3 hours after the injection, this delayed activity of the drug being due to renal insufficiency. The loss of potassium caused by the diuretic is slight. Bumetanide is effective at the level of the Henle loop. The rise in filtered sodium excretion suggests that the drug may have an action on the distal tubule. One patient with pericarditis and terminal renal failure (creatinine clearance 2 ml/min) did not respond to bumetanide.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of severe lower respiratory tract infections with ceftriaxone (Ro 13-9904). A pilot study.

Two pilot comparative trials in 29 patients suffering from severe lower respiratory tract infections are described. 15 patients received 7-10.5 g ceftriaxone as a total dose and 14 received 28 g amoxicillin, both antibiotics being given by intravenous route during 1 week. The local and systemic tolerance of the drugs were satisfactory; no adverse reactions or relevant laboratory changes were noticed. The clinical response was favourable in all patients. The mot relevant pathogens found in the sputum were Streptococcus pneumoniae in 11 cases and Haemophilus influenzae in 15 cases. Less relevant microorganisms such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Serratia, Pseudomonas sp. and Streptococcus viridans were cultivated prior to therapy. The two main pathogens disappeared from the sputum after therapy in 11 of 13 patients treated with ceftriaxone and in 10 of 13 treated with amoxicillin. The results of these pilot studies indicate that 7-10.5 g ceftriaxone are as active as 28 g amoxicillin in the treatment of severe lower respiratory tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[A dosage regimen for epicillin in renal impairment (author's transl)].

After oral administration of 1 g 6-[D-2-amino-2-(cyclohexa 1,4-dien-1-yl)-acetamido]-penicillanic acid (epicillin Spectacillin capsules, 500 mg) in patients with renal impairment the elimination rate constant was calculated by means of the declining serum levels. There is good correlation (r = 0.83) between the elimination rate constant and the creatinine clearance. With this data it was possible to calculate the reduced loading and maintenance dose for a certain creatinine clearance and a certain dosage interval to avoid accumulation. The values could also be read from nomograms without calculation. For comparison the possibility to extend the dosage interval corresponding to the elimination rate constant in renal impairment is confronted.

Adult↗