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Biomedical subjects

L Hubert

Publications and source records attributed to L Hubert.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Does venous microemboli detection add to the interpretation of D-dimer values following orthopedic surgery?

The identification of risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) following orthopedic surgery remains unclear. We have investigated the relationship between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), the presence or absence of microemboli 1 day after surgery, and the occurrence of DVT 7 days after total hip or knee replacement. The prevalence of DVT was 25 (13.3%) among 188 patients and was lower in 112 patients with DD < 2808 ng mL(-1) than in the 56 patients with higher DD levels: respectively, 8.0% vs. 21.4% (p < 0.05). D-dimer is not suitable for individual estimation of DVT risk. Microemboli were found in 112 (60%) of 186 subjects. The presence/absence or the frequency of the microemboli showed no relationship with the occurrence of DVT. Last, when evaluating the risk of DVT in orthopedic surgery, microemboli detection does not add to the interpretation of DD concentration.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Heritability of nociception II. 'Types' of nociception revealed by genetic correlation analysis.

Clinical pain syndromes, and experimental assays of nociception, are differentially affected by manipulations such as drug administration and exposure to environmental stress. This suggests that there are different 'types' of pain. We exploited genetic differences among inbred strains of mice in an attempt to define these primary 'types'; that is, to identify the fundamental parameters of pain processing. Eleven randomly-chosen inbred mouse strains were tested for their basal sensitivity on 12 common measures of nociception. These measures provided for a range of different nociceptive dimensions including noxious stimulus modality, location, duration and etiology, among others. Since individual members of inbred strains are identical at all genetic loci, the observation of correlated strain means in any given pair of nociceptive assays is an index of genetic correlation between these assays, and hence an indication of common physiological mediation. Obtained correlation matrices were subjected to multivariate analyses to identify constellations of nociceptive assays with common genetic mediation. This analysis revealed three major clusters of nociception: (1) baseline thermal nociception, (2) spontaneously-emitted responses to chemical stimuli, and (3) baseline mechanical sensitivity and cutaneous hypersensitivity. Many other nociceptive parameters that might a priori have been considered closely related proved to be genetically divergent.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Heritability of nociception I: responses of 11 inbred mouse strains on 12 measures of nociception.

It is generally acknowledged that humans display highly variable sensitivity to pain, including variable responses to identical injuries or pathologies. The possible contribution of genetic factors has, however, been largely overlooked. An emerging rodent literature documents the importance of genotype in mediating basal nociceptive sensitivity, in establishing a predisposition to neuropathic pain following neural injury, and in determining sensitivity to pharmacological agents and endogenous antinociception. One clear finding from these studies is that the effect of genotype is at least partially specific to the nociceptive assay being considered. In this report we begin to systematically describe and characterize genetic variability of nociception in a mammalian species, Mus musculus. We tested 11 readily-available inbred mouse strains (129/J, A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, C58/J, CBA/J, DBA/2J, RIIIS/J and SM/J) using 12 common measures of nociception. These included assays for thermal nociception (hot plate, Hargreaves' test, tail withdrawal), mechanical nociception (von Frey filaments), chemical nociception (abdominal constriction, carrageenan, formalin), and neuropathic pain (autotomy, Chung model peripheral nerve injury). We demonstrate the existence of clear strain differences in each assay, with 1.2 to 54-fold ranges of sensitivity. All nociceptive assays display moderate-to-high heritability (h2 = 0.30-0.76) and mediation by a limited number of apparent genetic loci. Data comparing inbred strains have considerable utility as a tool for understanding the genetics of nociception, and a particular relevance to transgenic studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The effect of alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin hydrolysates on the metabolic activity of Escherichia coli JM103.

Bovine milk proteins alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg) were hydrolysed with seven different proteolytic enzymes, and the effect of various hydrolysates on a genetically modified luminous Escherichia coli JM103 was tested in vitro with a bioluminescence assay for bacterial growth and metabolism. Undigested proteins did not inhibit the activity of tested E. coli JM103 at a concentration as high as 0.1 g ml-1. At the same concentrations, alpha-la hydrolysed with pepsin or trypsin and beta-lg hydrolysed with alcalase, pepsin or trypsin, showed a lower metabolic activity during the first 8 h of growth. The activity of E. coli JM103 in the presence of 25 mg ml-1 alpha-la or beta-lg hydrolysed with pepsin and trypsin was only 21% of the control after incubation for 6 h. The preliminary results indicated that ultrafiltration through 10 kDa and 1 kDa molecular mass cut-off membranes may be used to enrich bacteriostatic properties.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1987

[The role of peripheral capsulo-ligamentoplasties in the treatment of chronic anterior instability of the knee. Apropos of a series of 104 cases].

The authors have studied the results of 91 extra-articular ligamentoplasties amongst 104 knees treated surgically for chronic anterior laxity of the knee. The technique used in 40 cases was a Lemaire isolated lateral extra-articular ligamentoplasty using a strip of fascia lata and in 51 cases a double plasty, combining the same lateral plasty with a tightening of the posteromedial capsule and a forward transfer of the semimembranosus. The follow-up was from one to seven years, with a mean of four years. The results were assessed using the "ARPEGE" (Research Association for the Study of the Knee) scoring system, based on ability to undertake sports, functional stability, pain, resistance to fatigue, mobility and residual laxity. The overall results were excellent in 51 per cent, good in 10 per cent, fair in 10.5 per cent and bad in 28.5 per cent of cases. These results may seem to be unsatisfactory but a detailed study of the failures showed some errors in the indications for surgery which could have been avoided by a full appreciation of the type of laxity, the post-operative needs of the patient, his age and the level of sporting activity. Meniscectomy and lesions of the articular cartilage had a disturbing effect on the results. This study indicates a more precise place for extra-articular ligamentoplasties compared with in situ reconstructions of the anterior cruciate ligament.

Adolescent↗