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Biomedical subjects

L Holm

Publications and source records attributed to L Holm.

159 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Neuropsychological impairment and exclusive abuse of sedatives or hypnotics.

In a group of 55 consecutively admitted patients who exclusively abused sedatives or hypnotics, neuropsychological performance was significantly lower and signs of intellectual impairment significantly more often diagnosed than in a matched control group taken from the general population. These results suggest a relationship between abuse of sedatives or hypnotics and cerebral disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Field dependence in patients with exclusive abuse of hypnotics or sedatives.

A group of 47 patients exclusively abusing sedatives-hypnotics (not alcohol or hard drugs) has been studied with regard to field dependence as assessed by a rod-and-frame test. In comparison to a pairwise matched control group from the general population these sedative-hypnotic abusers were not more field dependent, even though they in a previous study were shown to have a higher incidence of intellectual impairment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychiatric diagnoses and sexual victimization in women with chronic pelvic pain.

The authors evaluated 100 women scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy (50 for chronic pain, 50 for tubal ligation or infertility evaluation) using structured psychiatric, family history, and sexual trauma interviews. Laparoscopy reports were blindly rated by a gynecologist. Compared with the nonpain group, the women with chronic pelvic pain had significantly higher current and lifetime rates of psychiatric disorders, as well as childhood and adult sexual victimization. They reported significantly higher mean numbers of somatization symptoms, but no significant differences in objective laparoscopic findings. Psychiatric disorders and sexual victimization are common in women with chronic pelvic pain and should be considered in the evaluation and treatment of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical and psychiatric symptoms in women with childhood sexual abuse.

Although there is increasing awareness of the short-term psychological and social adaptations to childhood sexual abuse, little is known about the long-term effects of such abuse, particularly its effect on subsequent medical utilization and the experience and reporting of physical symptoms. We re-analyzed data from a previous study of 100 women scheduled for diagnostic laparoscopy (50 for chronic pain, 50 for tubal ligation or infertility evaluation) who received structured, physician-administered psychiatric and sexual abuse interviews. Women were regrouped by severity of childhood sexual abuse, and we compared the groups with respect to lifetime psychiatric diagnoses and medically unexplained symptom patterns. Unadjusted odds ratios showed that risk for lifetime diagnoses of major depression, panic disorder, phobia, somatization disorder and drug abuse, and current diagnoses of major depression and somatoform pain disorder were significantly higher in the severely abused group compared with women with no abuse or less severe abuse. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that number of somatization symptoms, lifetime panic disorder and drug dependence were predictive of a prior history of severe childhood sexual abuse. Psychiatric disorders and medical symptoms, particularly chronic pelvic pain, are common in women with histories of severe childhood sexual abuse. Clinicians should inquire about childhood sexual and physical abuse experiences in patients with multiple medical and psychiatric symptoms, particularly patients with chronic pelvic pain.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multidisciplinary intensive treatment for chronic low back pain: a randomized, prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Americans with low back pain have been helped to return to work by multidisciplinary intensive treatment programs. Whether this treatment method will succeed in countries with a more generous social welfare system, where the incentive to return to work might be less, is not proven. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a Danish program of functional restoration combined with behavioral support. METHODS: Patients who had experienced at least 6 months of disabling low back pain were randomly assigned to either a 3-week intensive treatment program (n = 55) or an untreated control group (n = 51). RESULTS: Of the 106 patients randomized, 94 (89%) returned for a 4-month follow-up visit. At that time, 29 (64%) of the 45 treated patients were able to work, compared with 14 of 49 (29%) in the control group. The treated patients had used fewer days of sick leave (P < .02), had contacted health care. professionals fewer times (P < .001), and had lower pain and disability scores. CONCLUSIONS: Although such programs are expensive, they can reduce pension expenditures, sick leave days, health care contacts, and pain.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interuncal distance: marker of aging and Alzheimer disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of a recently reported simple measure of brain atrophy on MR imaging, the interuncal distance (IUD). METHODS: Measurements of the IUD were made over a 12-month interval in 10 patients with probable early Alzheimer disease and in a comparison group of age-matched healthy control subjects. The measurements were made in both the transaxial and coronal planes. RESULTS: Significant group differences for the coronal measurement of IUD were found in both the absolute value of the measurement and the IUD corrected for head size. There was overlap in IUD between the disease and the control groups. These differences were not found for the transaxial IUD. Significant positive correlations of the IUD with Mini-Mental State Examination score and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale stage were observed. Over the age range tested, age was not significantly correlated with IUD in the sample. CONCLUSIONS: The interuncal distance (IUD) is not a useful screening measurement for Alzheimer disease.

Aged↗