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Biomedical subjects

L Hollender

Publications and source records attributed to L Hollender.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Number of amalgam tooth fillings in relation to subjectively experienced symptoms in a study of Swedish women.

There has been a lot of discussion concerning the possible influence of amalgam tooth fillings on different symptoms and complaints. Information on this topic could be obtained from 1024 dentulous women aged 38-72, participants in a population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden, who answered a questionnaire with 30 specific questions concerning different symptoms and complaints. The answers were related to number of tooth surfaces restored with amalgam. Due to the sampling method and the high participation rate, the participants were representative of dentulous women of the same age in the general population. No positive correlations were found between number of amalgam fillings and number of symptoms, nor between number of amalgam fillings and prevalence of specified single symptoms or complaints. On the contrary there were a number of age-matched significant correlations in the opposite direction, which means that women with a high number of amalgam fillings reported a lower number of symptoms and complaints than women with a low number of amalgam fillings. These inverse relationships between number of amalgam fillings and different symptoms and complaints usually disappeared, when number of teeth was taken into consideration as a background variable. The inverse relationships with abdominal pain and poor appetite were, however, independent of both number of teeth and socioeconomic status as based on multivariate analysis. This study does not support the view of a correlation between amalgam fillings and symptoms and complaints, at least not on a population level.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1988

[Gastroesophageal reflux in asthmatic and chronic bronchitis patients].

To determine the relationship between gastroesophageal (GE) reflux and pulmonary disease, we studied 21 asthmatics, 30 chronic bronchitics, 6 patients with GE reflux and no pulmonary symptoms, and 10 control subjects; GE reflux was diagnosed by pH monitoring and GE scintiscanning. Frequency of GE reflux in the asthmatics was 57%; in chronic bronchitis it was 56%. Pulmonary function tests did not show any differences between patients with or without reflux. The GE reflux episodes were more numerous but shorter in asthmatics than in chronic bronchitis. Patients with digestive symptoms alone were no different from chronic bronchitis with respect to reflux. The mechanism whereby reflux triggers pulmonary problems was investigated using the following 2 tests: scintiscan for pulmonary aspiration, and esophageal acid infusion (0.1N HCI). Six pulmonary aspirations were detected. Only asthmatics, with or without reflux, showed any significant variations in maximal expiratory flow at 50% and 25% of VC after HCI infusion. Thus, our results show that asthmatics differ from bronchitis patients by the characteristics of their reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Relationship of mandibular condylar position to dental occlusion factors in an asymptomatic population.

This article investigates the influence of occlusion on condylar position as seen on TMJ tomograms in a group of 44 young adults with no histories of orthodontic or occlusal therapy and no objective signs of masticatory dysfunction; the sample was screened from a population of 253 students. Nonconcentric condylar position at ICP was a feature of Class II malocclusion with significantly more anterior positions in Class II, Division 1 than in Class I. Condylar position was unrelated to the amount of sagittal RCP-ICP slide, although most slides were less than 0.5 mm. The frequency of lateral slides was low, but was mildly related to bilaterally asymmetric condylar positions. Position was unrelated to the degree of overbite, which ranged from 0 to 10 mm. Bilateral condylar position asymmetry was not related to the direction of dental midline discrepancy, which ranged from 0 to 2 mm. No open bites or mandibular overjets were seen in this asymptomatic normal sample.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gastroesophageal reflux in patients with asthma and chronic bronchitis.

To determine the relationship between gastroesophageal (GE) reflux and pulmonary disease, we studied 21 asthmatics, 30 chronic bronchitics, 6 patients with GE reflux and no pulmonary symptoms, and 10 control subjects; GE reflux was diagnosed by pH monitoring and GE scintiscanning. Frequency of GE reflux in the asthmatics was 57%; in the chronic bronchitics it was 56%. Pulmonary function tests did not show any differences between patients with or without reflux. The GE reflux episodes were more numerous but shorter in asthmatics than in chronic bronchitics. Patients with digestive symptoms alone were no different from chronic bronchitics with respect to reflux. The mechanism whereby reflux triggers pulmonary problems was investigated using the following 2 tests: scintiscan for pulmonary aspiration, and esophageal acid infusion (0.1N HCl). Six pulmonary aspirations were detected. Only asthmatics, with or without reflux, showed any significant variations in maximal expiratory flow at 50% and 25% of VC after HCl infusion. Thus, our results show that asthmatics differ from chronic bronchitics by the characteristics of their reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Variation in condyle-fossa relationships according to different methods of evaluation in tomograms.

Mandibular orthopedic diagnosis is frequently based on observation of radiographic nonconcentric condyle-fossa relationships, but the definition of normal and abnormal positions is, in part, obscured by the several different methods used to assess condyle position and the absence of intermethod comparisons. This study compared the measurement and expression of condyle position in tomograms according to subjective evaluations and linear and area measurement of the interarticular space by use of a microcomputer and graphics tablet. Area analysis showed the least concordance with the subjective evaluation. Linear measurement of the subjective closest anterior and posterior interarticular space presented the greatest concordance, had low interobserver variation, and was considered clinically relevant to the functional thickness of the center of the articular disk.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1986

Rotational panoramic radiography in epidemiological studies of dental health. Comparison between panoramic radiographs and intraoral full mouth surveys.

In conjunction with an epidemiological study of oral health in women the capacity of the panoramic radiograph to yield information on oral conditions was compared to that of the intraoral full mouth survey including posterior bitewing radiographs. Full mouth surveys and panoramic radiographs of 75 women were compared for gross characteristics such as distribution of teeth, missing teeth, restorations, and endodontic treatment as well as for osteolytic lesions at the root, marginal bone loss and carious lesions. A nearly 100% agreement was found for gross characteristics but also for osteolytic lesions associated with teeth and for marginal bone loss the agreement was good; osteolytic lesions at single rooted teeth 76%, multirooted teeth 90% and a coefficient of correlation of .96 for individual mean marginal bone scores. Poor agreement was found for carious lesions as only 36% of those extending well into the dentine were found both in the intraoral radiographs and in the panoramic radiographs. It may be included that, except for carious lesions, the panoramic radiographs can be considered a useful tool in epidemiological studies of oral health.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of mandibular condyle position: a comparison of transcranial radiographs and linear tomograms.

Transcranial radiographs are frequently used to assess condyle-fossa relationships. However, their validity in representing condyle position has been questioned. Intermethod comparisons were performed between methods assessing condyle position by subjective evaluation and by linear and area measurement of the interarticular space. Linear measurement of the subjective closest anterior and posterior interarticular space and subjective evaluation were the mutually preferred methods in both transcranial radiographs and tomograms. Statistically significant correlations were shown (p less than 0.05) for condyle position between pairs of clinical transcranial radiographs and linear tomograms of the same temporomandibular joints. However there was a qualitative concordance in assessed posterior concentric and anterior positions in only 80% of the pairs, and a full concordance in the degree of condylar displacement was found in only 60% of the cases. Although still clinically helpful, the use of transcranial radiographs to monitor small changes in condylar position relative to the tomogram was questioned.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1985

Jaw morphology in edentulous individuals: a radiographic cephalometric study.

The jaw morphology in the mandible and maxilla was studied by cephalometric analysis in two groups of edentulous subjects and in two groups of individuals in possession of all teeth. The predominating facial type in these groups was the orthognathic type. The alveolar bone height differed significantly between men and women in the edentulous groups but not in the subjects in possession of all teeth. Thus, there seemed to be a sex difference in alveolar bone diminution after extraction of all teeth. The gonial angle was significantly greater in both men and women in the edentulous groups than in either sex in the groups in possession of all teeth. Thus, the basal bone morphology in the mandible seemed to be changed in the same manner in both sexes in the edentulous groups after extraction of all teeth, in contrast to the alveolar bone diminution. Indications were found that the gonial angle might be age related. The chin angle as such was found to be less than 60 degrees in the majority of edentulous individuals which makes this value seem to be of minor importance when selecting edentulous individuals for surgical deepening of the vestibular sulcus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

TMJ pain and dysfunction: relation between clinical and radiographic findings in the short and long-term.

Clinical examination of the stomatognathic system and radiographic examination of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), including the submentovertical, the oblique lateral transcranial and the transmaxillary projections, were performed in 104 patients with TMJ pain/dysfunction. Seven years later these patients had a new clinical examination and 54 of them were radiographed again. Another 20 patients not primarily radiographed were also recalled after 7 yr and examined clinically and radiographically. The radiographic findings were correlated with the reported symptoms and clinical findings. Only a few statistically significant correlations were found. The initial clinical dysfunction, estimated with the aid of the Helkimo dysfunction index, was positively correlated with the radiographic findings at the follow-up. The most important clinical variables in this respect were tenderness to palpation of the joint and decreased mobility. Crepitation was associated with changes in the structure and shape of the condyle. Clicking was correlated with a posterior displacement of the condyle. The number of occluding pairs of teeth was related to changes in the TMJ structure and shape also when age was considered as a confounding factor. Radiographic changes of the TMJ develop late and are often absent in the acute phase. An early radiographic examination is therefore of less diagnostic importance in this respect, but serves the purpose of excluding other pathologic conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of xeroradiographs and film for detection of periapical lesions.

Xeroradiographs and Kodak Ektaspeed film were compared with Kodak Ultraspeed film for their ability to reveal periapical lesions. Cadaver specimens containing teeth which were normal or demonstrated periapical inflammatory disease were used as the test objects. These specimens were first radiographed using xeroradiographic plates or film. Following radiography, histologic analysis revealed the true presence or absence of disease. Ten oral radiologists scored all xeroradiographic and film images of the specimens for the presence of periapical disease. In general, the observers detected about 70% of the cases with periapical disease, while simultaneously considering about 10 to 15% of the normal surfaces to be abnormal. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis of the radiographic decisions revealed little difference in the diagnostic performance of the observers using the various image receptors, although both types of film and low-contrast xeroradiographs viewed in transmitted light were all more useful than low-contrast xeroradiographs viewed in reflected light. In terms of patient dose, both xeroradiographic images and Ektaspeed film are preferred over Ultraspeed film.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

Radiography of the temporomandibular joint in female patients with TMJ pain or dysfunction. A seven year follow-up.

One hundred and twenty-four patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain/dysfunction were examined radiographically and 54 of these patients were reexamined at a follow-up approximately after 7 years. The radiographic examination included submentovertical, oblique lateral transcranial and transmaxillary projections. Abnormalities of structure and shape of the bony components were found in 50% of the joints; cortical/subcortical erosion was recorded in 15%, sclerosis in 33% and deviation in shape in 48%. Abnormal condylar position was observed in 46% of the joints. The 20 patients examined only at the follow-up demonstrated a frequency of these findings similar to those observed in patients selected for examination during the treatment period. At the 7-year follow-up, a slight increase in number of all types of abnormalities was found as well as a slight progression of abnormalities present at the first examination.

Adolescent↗