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Biomedical subjects

L Herrera

Publications and source records attributed to L Herrera.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Phase II trial of continuous-infusion iproplatin (CHIP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in advanced colorectal carcinoma.

Following the observation of antitumor activity for the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma, the combination of 5-FU and iproplatin was tested, also in colorectal carcinoma, in the hope of attaining equivalent activity without the nephrotoxicity observed with 5-FU/cisplatin. However, no responses were achieved with 5-FU/iproplatin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Familial adenomatous polyposis in association with thyroiditis. Report of two cases.

The authors report two patients with familial adenomatous polyposis and thyroiditis. One patient was discovered at autopsy to have in addition, a follicular carcinoma of the thyroid and focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. The other patient had a sister with familial adenomatous polyposis and a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. The association between familial adenomatous polyposis and thyroiditis has not been previously reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

No treatment option for liver metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma.

After an explanation of alternative treatment modalities, 30 patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma chose to have no treatment. Fourteen patients (47 percent) had synchronous liver metastases and 16 (53 percent) had metachronous lesions. Thirteen of the 30 patients (43 percent) had histologic documentation of liver metastases, with the remaining 17 patients diagnosed by liver scan, ultrasonography, or computerized axial tomography. Twenty-four of 30 patients (80%) had less than 25 percent liver involvement (Stage I), 23 of 24 patients had alkaline phosphatase levels less than twice normal, and 20 of 24 patients were asymptomatic from their liver metastases. The remaining six patients had liver stages II or III at the time of diagnosis. Overall mean survival of the 30 reported patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer to liver is 16 months (range, 2 to 58 months; median survival, 12 months).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of hexose transport by glucose in a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The rate of hexose transport was approximately 60% lower for both the high- and the low-affinity components of hexose uptake when a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was preincubated with glucose, as compared with preincubation with water. Similarly the Jmax value of the high-affinity system of the mutant was 25-35% of the corresponding Jmax value for normal cells incubated with glucose. Accumulation of glucose 6-phosphate or of some other metabolite, such as fructose 6-phosphate or trehalose, may be responsible for this striking inhibition.

Biological Transport, Active↗
PubMed1989

Local recurrence after sphincter-saving resection for rectal adenocarcinoma.

Local pelvic-perineal recurrences were evaluated in 40 patients who underwent a sphincter-saving resection for rectal adenocarcinoma at Roswell Park Memorial Institute. The length of follow-up was at least 5 years or until death in all but one patient. There were 24 women and 16 men with a median age of 63 years. In 31 patients, the resection was considered to be curative and was considered palliative in the remaining 9 patients. Seven of the 31 patients (23 percent) developed a local recurrence. Two of the seven local recurrences had further resection for curative intent, with one person alive at 88 months. Margins of resection were available in 27 patients. Local recurrence occurred in 4 of 8 patients with distal margins of resection less than 2 cm and in 3 of 19 patients with margins greater than 2 cm. When the lesion was less than 10 cm from the anal verge, local recurrence was more likely to occur than at margins above this level.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

The modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a prospective randomized phase III trial. Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group.

A total of 343 patients with previously untreated metastatic measurable colorectal carcinoma were studied to evaluate the impact on toxicity, response, and survival of leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil (5-FU). A maximally tolerated intravenous bolus loading course regimen of 5-FU alone (500 mg/m2 x 5 days every 4 weeks with 25 mg/m2 escalation) was compared with a high-dose leucovorin regimen (600 mg/m2 of 5-FU with 500 mg/m2 of leucovorin weekly for 6 weeks with a 2-week rest) and with a similar low-dose leucovorin regimen (600 mg/m2 of 5-FU with 25 mg/m2 of leucovorin weekly for 6 weeks with a 2-week rest). The dose-limiting toxicity for the two 5-FU and leucovorin regimens was gastrointestinal, specifically diarrhea; severe diarrhea was seen frequently, and treatment-related toxicity was implicated in the demise of 11 of the patients (5%). Significant improvements in response rates were observed with a response rate of 33 of 109 (30.3%) on the high-dose leucovorin regimen (P less than .01 v control); 13 of 107 (12.1%) on the 5-FU control; and 21 of 112 (18.8%) on the low-dose leucovorin regimen. A trend toward longer survival in the 5-FU plus high-dose leucovorin regimen was observed. In this study, leucovorin was shown to significantly enhance the therapeutic effect of 5-FU in metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Biologicals production by recombinant DNA technology in Cuba.

During 1981 we started an intensive programme for the development of biotechnology in Cuba. The first project was related to the production of leucocyte interferon and the cloning an expression of these genes in prokaryotic and yeast cells. These products are currently obtained in large amounts and their physical and chemical characterization are presented. The use of mammalian cells in culture for the production of recombinant proteins has also been carried out. The results obtained with the expression and amplification of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in CHO cells are discussed and compared with that obtained in yeast. The construction of a recombinant vaccinia virus carrying the HBsAg was also achieved. The specific transcripts were characterized and the Ab levels tested in animals. The results presented here indicate that the host system is a very important aspect to be taken into consideration and in some cases mammalian cells appear to be the best choice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Metastases to the lymph nodes in epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal studied by a clearing technique.

Relationships between the size of primary epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal (ECAC) and the size, number and distribution of metastases to the lymph nodes (LNM) are not known. Reported herein are the results of a retrospective study of 29 patients who underwent potentially curative abdominoperineal resections for ECAC and whose surgical specimens were treated by a clearing technique of the lymph nodes. Five of 16 patients with stage T3 or larger lesions and one patient of 11 with T2 or smaller lesions had LNM (p less than 0.05). Forty-four per cent of the LNM were found in lymph nodes measuring less than 5 millimeters in diameter. Analysis of maps of lymph nodes allowed us to observe that most lymph nodes are located above the peritoneal reflection, that lymph nodes are scant in the perianal zone, that the perirectal zone contains an average of nine lymph nodes and that LNM are most common in the perirectal zone. A lack of association between the size of primary ECAC and LNM is noted, and metastases to small lymph nodes (less than 5 millimeters) are found to be a common occurrence. This may explain previous understaging of patients.

Anus Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic surveillance of patients following a curative resection for colorectal cancer.

From 1974 to 1985, 161 patients were followed by at least one colonoscopy following a polypectomy for an adenomatous polyp. These patients had had a previous curative resection performed for colorectal carcinoma. The median follow-up time after surgery was 54 months. A polyp within 65 cm from the anal verge or from a permanent colostomy was considered detectable by the flexible sigmoidoscope. Seventy-one patients (44%) were found to have adenomatous polyp(s) within 65 cm during the follow-up period. This incidence was influenced by the type of colorectal resection performed. In 36 of 41 patients (88%) undergoing a right hemicolectomy, the adenomatous polyp(s) was found within 65 cm from the anal verge. This was an incidence statistically and significantly higher than the incidence in patients undergoing other types of surgical resections. There were no differences in age, sex, or Dukes' stages according to the type of surgical resection performed. In summary, the present study demonstrates that there is a role for postoperative surveillance by the 65 cm flexible sigmoidoscope. This surveillance can be performed with great safety especially in patients following a right hemicolectomy; significantly more of these patients have adenomatous polyps within reach of the 65 cm flexible sigmoidoscope.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pelvic exenteration for carcinoma of the cervix: analysis of 252 cases.

We present the results of 252 pelvic exenterations for primary and recurrent carcinoma of the cervix at the Hospital General de Mexico, a tertiary-care institution for the indigent. Emphasis is placed on the morbidity and mortality of the procedure in relation to patient selection. In underdeveloped countries, where early detection of cervical cancer is a rare event, pelvic exenteration must continue in the armamentarium of physicians; it can be associated with gains in the quality of life, with long-term survival, with effective rehabilitation, and possibly with cures.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of radiation-induced chromosomal damage between normal individuals and patients with familial polyposis coli.

Cultured leukocytes of peripheral blood obtained from normal, healthy individuals and from patients with familial polyposis coli (FP) were exposed to 0 rads or 300 rads of 137Cs gamma radiation at G0 to compare damage in these two groups. Only cells in the first mitotic division were considered. The average chromosomal damage in the FP patients was not significantly higher than that in the normal group. The induced chromosomal damage at G0 was normally distributed in both the control and the patient groups as well as when they were combined.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1988

A prospective, randomized trial of perioperative prophylactic cefamandole in elective colorectal surgery for malignancy.

The impact on wound infection of the addition of perioperative cefamandole to a mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics was studied in a prospective randomized series of patients undergoing elective colectomy for biopsy-proven carcinoma or adenomatous polyps. Seventy patients were randomized, all underwent mechanical bowel preparation and received oral neomycin and erythromycin base. Thirty-four patients also received a preoperative and four postoperative doses of cefamandole, while 36 patients were randomized to receive no parenteral antibiotics. The two groups were well stratified for age, sex, and risk factors. The Dukes stage was similar and the surgical procedures were equally distributed in the two groups. There were no wound infections in the 34 patients receiving cefamandole and only one wound infection (2.8 percent) in the 36 control patients. Therefore, the addition of perioperative intravenous cefamandole to a good mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics was of no benefit in reducing wound infections following resection of colorectal malignancies in this select group of patients.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

Ornithine decarboxylase activity in hepatic and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.

The values of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in hepatic and extrahepatic metastases from primary colorectal cancer were studied. Adjacent noninvolved tissue was used as a control. Liver metastases had significant elevated ODC levels over surrounding liver (0.271 vs. 0.065, respectively, P less than .008). Results similar to those found in liver metastases were noted in extrahepatic metastases (median value, 0.271). This study discusses the possible reasons for these elevations and emphasizes that these differences may have potential roles in the areas of diagnosis, staging, monitoring of the disease, and therapeutic interventions in colorectal cancer and its hepatic and extrahepatic metastases.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of bowel obstruction after operation for colorectal carcinoma.

Operative therapy is beneficial in patients with bowel obstruction after operation for colorectal carcinoma. The cause of the bowel obstruction is more likely to be benign following colorectal carcinoma than following other malignancies. Also, the period of preoperative nasogastric suction can safely be extended to 3 to 4 days in these patients, since a resolution rate of 28 percent can be achieved with minimal risk of strangulation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopy versus double-contrast barium enema in the evaluation of patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal carcinoma.

Two hundred seventy-six patients with positive findings on a stool guaiac test, hematochezia, a change in bowel habits, or a family history of colorectal carcinoma were referred to the colorectal clinic for further investigation. There were 105 men and 171 women. All patients underwent examination with the 65 cm flexible sigmoidoscope. Patients with no abnormalities on endoscopy underwent a double-contrast barium enema. If the barium enema revealed a polyp or other suspicious pathologic process, the patient was referred for colonoscopy. In 258 patients, findings of barium enema and flexible sigmoidoscopy were in agreement. The findings in 178 of these examinations were completely negative, and in the remaining 80 cases flexible endoscopy and barium enema revealed diverticulosis. In an additional 18 patients, negative findings on flexible sigmoidoscopy were followed by positive findings on barium enema. Thirteen of these 18 patients (72 percent) had negative findings on colonoscopies and therefore had false-positive findings on barium enema. In the remaining five patients (28 percent), an unsuspected colonic carcinoma or premalignant polyp was discovered on barium enema and documented by colonoscopy. Also, in four of these five patients, colonoscopy found additional polyps that were not seen on barium enema.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1988

Krukenberg tumor.

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Colonic Neoplasms↗