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Biomedical subjects

L Hernando

Publications and source records attributed to L Hernando.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Dynamics of ascites formation in rats with experimental cirrhosis.

Renal function, sodium balance, and ascites formation were observed during induction in rats of experimental cirrhosis. The same variables were studied after partial removal of the ascites in rats with experimental cirrhosis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (RPF) did not change during hepatic cirrhosis development. Positive sodium balance significantly higher than that observed in controls preceded the appearance of ascites for a period of about 2 wk. When the ascites was removed, GFR, RPF and positive Na balance did not change if Na intake remained constant. Ascites reformation rate was largely dependent on sodium balance. These data strongly support the "overflow" theory of ascites formation and are difficult to reconcile with the classical "underfilling" theory.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Absence of an anaphylactic vasopermeability mechanism for immune complex deposition in the Heymann nephritis of rats.

The existence of an anaphylactic mechanism favouring the deposition of circulating immune complexes in Heymann's nephritis and its possible inhibition by disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) and antihistamines was studied. No animal produced anti-renal tubular anaphylactic antibodies (IgE and IgGa classes) and no histamine and PAF (platelet-activating factor) release were obtained when buffy coat cells (BCC) were challenged with the soluble Fx1A antigenic fraction. However, PAF was obtained from phagocytozing leucocytes. Total histamine after boiling 10(7) BCC was less than 20 ng. The frequency of nephritis and quantity of immune deposits in the glomerular basement membrane were similar in treated and control groups. Our results show that, contrary to the data obtained in acute serum sickness of rabbits, an anaphylactic mechanism in Heymann's nephritis does not seem to exist. Accordingly the treatment with antihistamines and/or disodium cromoglycate did not produce any beneficial effect upon the course of the disease.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1980

IgA glomerulonephritis (Berger's disease): evidence of high serum levels of polymeric IgA.

Eleven out of 15 patients with IgA mesangial glomerulonephritis (Berger's disease) had an increased proportion of serum IgA in 9-21S fractions on 5-40% sucrose density-gradient ultracentrifugation; the heavier fractions decreased at acid pH. Serum IgA purified by starch electrophoresis was subjected to reduction-alkylation yielding fragments of lower molecular weight. J chain was detected on urea alkaline polyacrylamide electrophoresis and the high-molecular weight IgA bound the human secretory component. In six patients treated with phenytoin for 1 year there was a decrease in polymeric IgA and an increase in monomeric IgA adopting a pattern similar to that of the controls. Our results show the presence of a large amount of true IgA polymers, partially as immune complexes, in the serum of patients with Berger's disease. These data together with their normalization after phenytoin treatment may open a new pathogenic and therapeutic approach to this entity.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

A possible common pathogenesis of the mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis in patients with Berger's disease and Schönlein-Henoch syndrome.

High serum levels of polymeric IgA, partially as immune complexes, have been found in patients with Berger's disease and Schönlein-Henoch syndrome. Polymeric IgA was also found in the renal mesangium in both entities as judged by its affinity for the human secretory component. These data reinforce the clinical and morphological suspicion that both entities may represent variations of the spectrum of the same disease.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1980

[Measurement of the cardiac output and its peripheral distribution in rats by means of radioactive microspheres (author's transl)].

The cardiac output (CO), the blood flow (BF) through several organs and the peripheric resistances have been simultaneously determined on uninephrectomized rats by using two kinds of microsphere with a theoretical diameter of 15 micrometer and labeled with 141Ce or 85Sr. The measured diameter of the microspheres was 13.1 +/- 0.2 micrometer (n = 500) for the 141Ce labeled microspheres and 16.2 +/- 0.3 micrometer (n = 500) for the 85Sr ones. The difference is statistically significant (p < 0.005). Both kinds of microspheres gave comparable values for the CO and the renal, splenic and heart coronary; BF, but quite dissimilar for the hepatic and pulmonary BF. the resulting CO (29.0 +/- 2.4 ml/min-1/100 g-1) is very similar to those reported in the literature and likewise with the splenic, coronary and renal BF, correlating the latter closely with the value obtained from the PAH clearance. In conclusion, the microspheres technique seems to be a simple and timesaving method to measure the CO and BF of such organs as kidneys, spleen and heart of the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Evidence of high polymeric IgA levels in serum of patients with Berger's disease and its modification with phenytoin treatment.

High levels of polymeric IgA were found in the serum of patients with IgA glomerulonephritis. In four of the patients the IgA percentage distribution was established by ultracentrifugation in sucrose density gradients before and after six months of phenytoin treatment. A decrease in polymeric IgA, adopting a pattern similar to the controls, was observed. These findings may have both pathogenic and therapeutic implications.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1978

Sodium excretion after bilateral adrenalectomy in rats with experimental cirrhosis.

Bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) or a sham procedure was performed in cirrhotic and control rats. After ADX, controls increased their sodium excretion with respect to the basal values but cirrhotics did not. When sodium-loaded, the ADX cirrhotic rats retained a significant amount of the load. These data do not support a primary role of aldosterone in the impaired sodium handling by cirrhotic rats.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1978

An escape phenomenon from water and sodium retention induced by propranolol in rats.

Rats given a daily dose of propranolol 45 mg/kg b.wt retain water and sodium for 4 days, escaping during the 5th and 6th days in which their excretions are larger than basal values. Afterwards, in the period studied, they make a new retention and clearing is less accentuated. No relationship could be found between these retentions and plasma renin activity or renal renin content.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Aldosterone regulation in anephric patients.

The response of plasma aldosterone to hemodialysis, 3 h orthostatism, K-loading and angiotensin II and ACTH infusions has been studied. Hemodialysis, orthostatism and angiotensin II infusion do not modify aldosterone levels. By the contrary ACTH and potassium originate a significant increase in plasma aldosterone. They seem to be the main aldosterone secretion regulators in the absence of renin production.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1978

Effect of propranolol on glycerol induced acute renal failure in rats.

The effect produced by propranolol, administered for a prolonged period of time and in large doses, on renal function in rats has been studied, as well as the modifications induced by this treatment in an experimental model of acute renal failure, and the effects of a single dose of propranolol given 1 hour before provoking failure. Propranolol, administered chronically, causes sodium and water retention and increases creatinine clearance. Acute renal failure induced by glycerol in rats treated for 7 days with propranolol is less severe than the one produced in untreated animals. In this ARF model, a single dose of propranolol does not seem to have a protective effect.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Alleviation of experimental acute renal failure in rats by reduction of renal mass.

An acute renal failure (ARF) has been produced by glycerol injection on rats unilaterally nephrectomized 48 h before. Rats with reduced renal mass showed polyuria and significantly lower azotemia than controls with ARF. This data might be explained by increased glomerular plasma flow in the remnant kidney previous to ARF induction.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Partial protection against acute renal failure in rats with reduced renal mass.

Glycerol-induced acute renal failure (ARF) was studied in rats with two degrees of reduced renal mass (RRM). RRM animals, when compared with sham-operated animals, showed a partial protection against this model of ARF. This protection depends on a less marked decrease in glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow after ARF induction in RRM rats, with an increased filtration fraction. It is suggested that glycerol injection in RRM rats could induce a mainly efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction, in contrast to control rats, whose glomerular arteriolar vasoconstriction is mainly afferent.

Acute Kidney Injury↗