Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to L Hansson.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Heart rate responses during treatment of hypertension with propranolol. The clinical usefulness of the nitroglycerin test.

Increments in heart rate during the TNG test (sublingual nitroglycerin with assumption of upright posture), passive head-up tilt, and postrecumbency standing were compared to the effects of intravenous isoproterenol in 15 mild hypertensives during administration of placebo and two dosage levels of propranolol. TNG test results correlated with responsiveness to isoproterenol, but nitroglycerin tachycardia was reduced only about 50% during propranolol treatment. The TNG response was almost maximally inhibited by 160 mg/day of propranolol while the response to postrecumbency standing was inhibited only by a dose of 320 mg/day. The results indicate that: (1) the TNG test is of limited value in the assessment of beta adrenergic blockade in hypertensive patients, and (2) propranolol in a dose of 160 mg/day induces near-maximal cardiac blockade.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of blood pressure reduction on the structural vascular abnormality in skin and muscle vascular beds in human essential hypertension.

1. Vascular resistance at maximal vasodilatation was examined in two vascular beds in two groups of hypertensive patients and in normotensive control subjects before and during anti-hypertensive therapy in the hypertension groups. 2. In one group of twelve untreated patients with essential hypertension, examined with plethysmography and intra-arterial blood pressure recording, a significantly higher vascular resistance at maximal vasodilatation was found in the hands compared with normotensive control subjects matched for age, sex, weight and height. This indicated a structural vascular abnormality in the patient group. 3. After 5 years of anti-hypertensive therapy in the patient group the difference in vascular resistance between patients and control subjects had decreased significantly, indicating a reversibility of the structural vascular abnormality. 4. Vascular resistance at maximal vasodilatation was examined in the calves of twelve untreated patients with essential hypertension and fourteen normotensive control subjects. Plethysmographic technique and indirect blood pressure recordings were used. A significantly higher vascular resistance was found in patients than in control subjects, indicating a structural vascular abnormality also in this vascular bed. 5. Anti-hypertensive treatment for 6 months in the patient group did not change vascular resistance at maximal dilatation, indicating that the structural vascular abnormality remained. 6. During acute reduction of blood pressure in hypertension by means of trimethaphan infusion, blood pressure and blood flow to the hands were reduced proportionally with no change of vascular resistance at maximal vasodilatation. 7. This indicates that resistance at maximal dilatation was unaffected by the acute reduction of blood pressure, in contrast to the findings after prolonged reduction of blood pressure in this vascular bed.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1976

Clinical evaluation of atenolol in hypertension.

1. Atenolol (ICI 66.082, Tenormin) is a new beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking agent, devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilizing properties. It does not cross the blood-brain barrier. 2. Atenolol given to hypertensive patients in initial open trials reduced arterial blood pressure significantly. 3. A double-blind comparison between atenolol and placebo in forty-five patients with essential hypertension demonstrated that atenolol gave a statistically significant reduction of blood pressure (delta 28/15 mmHg, P less than 0-005). 4. The optimum anti-hypertensive dose of atenolol in patients with mild to moderately severe essential hypertension was 200 mg daily. 5. Atenolol was compared with propranolol in thirty patients with essential hypertension. No statistically significant differences of anti-hypertensive effect were observed between the two drugs. 6. Long-term results (up to 2 years) in 117 hypertensive patients indicate that drug tolerance is good. No serious toxic effects were observed. 7. In four of twelve hypertensive patients with obstructive airways disease atenolol had to be withdrawn owing to deterioration of ventilatory function.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1976

Long-term hypotensive effect of atenolol (ICI 66.082), a new beta-adrenergic blocking agent.

A report is given from an on-going multicenter trial in Sweden, in which 117 hypertensive patients have been treated with a new cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, atenolol (ICI 66.082, Tenormin) for an average of six months (range 2-21). Statistically significant reductions of BP were observed, recumbent by 29/19 mmHg (p less than 0.0001) and standing by 28/18 mmHg (p less than 0.0001). Few and comparatively mild side-effects were seen.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Dissociation of the renin lowering and antihypertensive actions of propranolol.

Suppression of renin release by beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs has been advocated as the prime blood pressure lowering mechanism of these agents. The present report casts doubt on this proposition in three ways. In the first study, involving 22 patients with borderline hypertension, patients with elevated plasma renin levels showed normalization of the blood pressure after pharmacological autonomic blockade with intravenous atropine, propranolol and phentolamine, the time course of the pressure fall being such as to exclude suppression of renin release as the antihypertensive mechanism. It is clear that in patients with mild hypertension and high plasma renin levels, the elevation of blood pressure is maintained by a neurogenic mechanism, the elevated plasma renin having no direct role in sustaining the higher blood pressure. In two additional studies involving 21 patients in all with mild to moderately severe essential hypertension, to whom propranolol was administereed by mouth for 1--3 months, two findings were of interest:1) patients with low-renin essential hypertension showed a good antihypertensive response to propranolol, and 2) in some patients a dosedependent dissociation of the renin and blood pressure lowering action of propranolol could be demonstrated. These findings militate against the assumption that propranolol selectively lowers the blood pressure in "renin-dependent" hypertension, and strongly suggest that the antihypertensive action of this drug is not mediated by depression of plasma renin activity.

Atropine↗
PubMed1976

Anti-hypertensive action, time of onset and effects on carbohydrate metabolism of labetalol.

1 Seventeen men, aged 45-57 yr, with essential hypertension showed obvious and, in the standing position, dose-related reductions in blood pressure during treatment with oral labetalol with weekly dose increments. 2 Pulse rate changes were not related to dose but reduced compared with pre-treatment values. 3 No postural hypotension was recorded indicating lack of a dominant alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking component. 4 There was a small increase in mean fasting blood glucose levels during labetalol treatment but no alteration in insulin activity or response to an oral glucose tolerance test.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Labetalol, a new alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent, in hypertension.

1Labetalol is a new compound with antagonistic effects at both alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor sites. 2 When given to 12 hypertensive patients at an average daily dosage of 273 mg for 7 months statistically significant reductions (compared with pretreatment values) in recumbent and standing blood pressure were observed. 3 Treatment has to be withdrawn in one patient because of vivid dreams, and dosage was reduced in one patient because of dizziness. Otherwise no side-effects of importance were noted. 4 It can therefore be concluded that labetalol offers a useful anti-hypertensive effect and that this compound is well tolerated.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Antihypertensive effect of labetalol, a new alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agent.

Labetalol (AH5158) a new alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agent was given to 12 hypertensive patients for an average of 7 months. Statistically significant and clinically relevant reductions of blood pressure both in the recumbent and standing positions were observed. Side effects were few and the absence of postural hypotension was noted.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

The use of propranolol in hypertension: a review.

A review if given of the use of propranolol in hypertension emphasizing the importance of the studies by Prichard and Gillam in 1964 and 1969. The current use of propranolol in hypertension as regards dosage, dose intervals and starting doses is also outlined. Moreover, the combined treatment with propranolol and vasodilators is briefly described, as are attempts to make predictions of the therapeutic response by studying various haemodynamic and laboratory parameters. Finally, an attempt is made to assess the future role of propranolol in the treatment of hypertension in comparison with other antihypertensive drugs.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1975

Controlled study of atenolol in treatment of hypertension.

The antihypertensive effect of atenolol, a new beta-1-receptor blocking agent, was studied in a double-blind trial in which 45 patients with essential hypertension were randomly assigned to placebo or atenolol treatment. Atenolol caused a statistically significant and clinically relevant reduction of blood pressure. The optimum daily dose for moderately severe hypertension was considered to be 200 mg. Several irrelevant side effects were collected by the use of a check list, but there was no difference in the number of complaints during placebo and active treatment. Atenolol has a useful antihypertensive effect and, at least theoretically, has advantages over other beta-adrenergic blocking agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp.

It has been shown that the fibrinolytic activity is different in different tissues. In this investigation, performed in order to study the fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp, the authors found a very high activity in this tissue. The importance of this finding is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of high dose spironolactone and chlorthalidone in essential hypertension: relation to plasma renin activity and plasma volume.

The effect on blood pressure of high (400 mg/day-S400) and moderate dose (200 mg/day-S200) spironolactone and chlorthalidone (100 mg/day-C100), given in a random double-blind manner was related to plasma renin activity and plasma volume in 38 essential hypertensives. The fall in pressure from a control of 154/103 mm Hg was essentially the same after four weeks of each drug--S400 deltaBP 24/13 mm, S200 18/9 mm, C100 17/12 mm (all P less than 0-001). Twelve of 37 patients (32%) had low initial renin, but this appeared as responsive to the chlorthalidone stimulus as that of the normal renin group. The antihypertensive effect of all regimens was unrelated to plasma renin activity. Plasma volume was significantly lowered at the end of each treatment period, but the decline could not be correlated with blood pressure effects. Patients with initially low plasma volume were more likely to respond to S400 (r = 0-545, P less than 0-001), whereas the antihypertensive effect of the S200 and C100 regimens was independent of this variable.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The content of calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead and chromium in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The blood concentrations of calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead and chromium were measured in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in a "normal" control group. The values of hemoglobin and the effect of some drugs on the metals studied were also estimated. In metal analyses the atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique was used. The mean concentration of copper in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was significantly higher than in the control group. This was not true in females taking conteceptive drugs that cause elevated serum copper concentrations. Chromium concentrations were significantly lower in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The mean concentrations of zinc was higher in rheumatoid females than in female controls. The concentrations of calcium, magnesium and lead were not found to be different in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from those in the control group.

Adult↗