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Biomedical subjects

L Goldman

Publications and source records attributed to L Goldman.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Preoperative bone scans. Use in women with early breast cancer.

Strontium nitrate Sr 87m bone scans were made preoperatively in a group of women with suspected breast cancer, 35 of whom subsequently underwent radical mastectomy. In 3 of the 35 (9%), the scans were abnormal despite the absence of clinical or roentgenographic evidence of metastatic disease. All three patients has extensive axillary lymph node involvement by tumor, and went on to have additional bone metastases, from which one died. Roentgenograms failed to detect the metastases in all three. Occult bone metastases account in part for the failure of radical mastectomy to cure some patients with breast cancer. It is recommended that all candidates for radical mastectomy have a preoperative bone scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Developmental changes in pre-adult behavior in confined colonies of golden hamsters.

Eight litters of hamsters living in a large enclosure were observed from birth to 120 days. For the first 65 days each litter was confined to a separate compartment. Basic motor coordination was reached by the 3rd week. Marking was seen during the 6th week when males began to mount their mothers sexually, but lordosis was not seen in female pups before the 7th week. Fighting appeared at this time with the females being the more aggressive. At 65 days the litters were combined into 2 groups of 4.A gradual shift followed in the relative aggressiveness of the sexes. Females, which had previously initiated over 90% of attacks, became less aggressive, whereas attacks by males increased to the former female level. This unusual behavior for hamsters, where females are normally dominant, may have been due to crowding. Also, severe disruption of maternal behavior occurred with marked infanticidal tendencies.

Aggression↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative description of the sodium conductance of the giant axon of Myxicola in terms of a generalized second-order variable.

A variety of experimental observations in Myxicola and other preparations indicate that the sodium conductance, gNa, has properties quite different from those described by the m and h variables of Hodgkin and Huxley. A new quantitative description of the gNa is presented in which the gNa is assumed to be proportional to the fifth power of a generalized second-order variable, i.e., gNa = g'Na times v to the fifth, v = -Kav + K2U = K3, U = K4U + K5v + K6. This model is shown to be able to quantitatively simulate all of the experimentally observed behavior of the gNa. A view of the sodium gate consistent with these kinetics is to imagine it to be composed of five independent subunits, each of the type A eq. B eq. C eq. A where A represents the resting state, B the conducting state, and C the inactivated state. A model in which the subunit is of the type A eq. B eq. C could not simulate the experimental observations. It was concluded that two processes are sufficient to account for all of the behavior of the gNa.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Population control in confined colonies of golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus Waterhouse).

The mechanisms by which confined colonies of Golden Hamsters regulate the density of their population were investigated. Six experimental populations were established with two males and two females each and allowed to grow freely for 3-8 months. At no time did any population exceed eight individuals. This appeared to be the result of a high rate of infant mortality due to failure of pregnant and parturient females to isolate themselves from the others. Two other populations were then established allowing many more nesting areas and more room for dispersal, but animals continued to crowd together and infant survival did not improve. These results contrast sharply with the large ultimate populations and only slowly developing disturbances seen in rats and mice. This difference in population control appears to be the direct result of a species difference in the tolerance of adults for strange newborns. In two further short-term experiments, the effects of the number and sex of adults in the founding population were systematically examined. The critical density at which no pups survived past the first day was six or more animals; females appeared to contribute more than males to infant mortality.

Animals↗