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Biomedical subjects

L Garfinkel

Publications and source records attributed to L Garfinkel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcohol as a primary risk factor in oral squamous carcinoma.

This case-control study investigates the role of alcohol as a primary risk factor in the development of oral cancer. A total of 181 patients diagnosed as having squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity were interviewed, and 497 controls. The relative risk for drinkers adjusted for smoking was 3.3, 15.2, and 10.6 for those who drank less than six, six to nine, and 10 or more whiskey equivalents (WEs) a day, respectively. The relative risk for smokers adjusted for drinking rose only from 3.2 to 4.5 to 5.0 for smokers of 10 to 19, 20 to 39, and 40 or more cigarettes a day, respectively. Beer/wine drinkers had much higher relative risks than the whiskey drinkers. The adjusted relative risk for whiskey drinkers consuming 10 or more WEs a day was 7.3; the adjusted relative risk for beer/wine drinkers consuming 10 or more WEs a day was 20.4. These results indicate that drinkers of six or more WEs a day may be at greater risk than smokers of 40 or more cigarettes a day, and that beer and wine may be greater risk factors than whiskey in the development of oral cancer.

Adult↗
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Cancer clusters.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mortality at ages 75 and older in the Cancer Prevention Study (CPS I).

In the fall of 1959 the American Cancer Society began a comprehensive epidemiologic investigation of more than one million men and women drawn mainly from the middle-class population. The study reported here presents a portion of the investigation relating to the mortality among 49,469 subjects who attained age 75 years and older during the course of the study. Both men and women who at entry into this study (1960) were judged to be in good health registered distinctly lower mortality than those judged to be in poor health. Men and women with some college education had significantly lower death rates than those with lesser schooling. Men and women who reported a good family history of longevity showed consistently lower death rates in each five-year age group than those with average or poor family history of longevity. Persons with an average family history of longevity generally had lower death rates than those with a poor family history of longevity. Analysis of mortality by cause indicated that at ages 75 and older nearly half the deaths were attributed to all forms of heart disease. Coronary heart disease accounted for about 35 percent of all deaths, with the proportion decreasing with age. Deaths from stroke rose from 15 to about 20 percent with increase in age. Deaths from all sites of cancer declined with advancing age in both sexes, from about 16 percent of all deaths at ages 75 to 79 to about six percent at ages 90 to 99. Among men, cancer of the prostate accounted for 3.5 percent of deaths at ages 75 to 84, decreasing to about one half this proportion in the early-90s age group. Colorectal cancer decreased from about three percent of total deaths at ages 75 to 84 to about 1.5 percent in the early 90s. Lung cancer and stomach cancer remained at the same level at these ages.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluating cancer statistics.

Since 1967, the January/February issue of CA has contained a cancer statistics article with data prepared by the American Cancer Society's Department of Epidemiology and Statistics. Mr. Garfinkel, the former Vice President for Epidemiology and Statistics and Director of Cancer Prevention for the American Cancer Society, provides his insight to evaluate the trends that illustrate how much has already been accomplished in cancer control.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perspectives on cancer prevention.

The best way to control cancer is to find means to reduce the risk of cancer. Mr. Garfinkel, the former Vice President for Epidemiology and Statistics and Director of Cancer Prevention for the American Cancer Society, discusses the ongoing research on cancer prevention and suggests that based on the accumulated evidence, authoritative groups must now seriously consider making recommendations about chemopreventive substances to reduce cancer risk.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗