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Biomedical subjects

L Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to L Eriksson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Cyanoacrylate for closure of wounds in the oral mucosa in dogs.

The local clinical and histological reactions resulting from the use of a tissue adhesive, isobutylcyanoacrylate, were studied in the oral cavity of dogs. In each of 4 animals, 6 pairs of parallel incisions were made in the buccal mucosa. One incision in each pair was closed with adhesive material while the other incision was sutured with silk. The wounds were studied clinically and histologically at intervals ranging from 2 to 21 days. Clinically there were differences in the healing between gland glued and sutured incisions during the first 11 days. After 11 days the healing reactions were approximately the same in both groups. Histologically, the adhesive caused a delayed and disturbed healing of both the epithelium and connective tissue compared with that observed when sutures were used. As a result of this investigation, isobutylcyanoacrylate is not recommended for use instead of conventional and modern suturing materials when closing intraoral wounds.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myoelectric control of a computer animated hand: a new concept based on the combined use of a tree-structured artificial neural network and a data glove.

This paper proposes a new learning set-up in the field of control systems for multifunctional hand prostheses. Two male subjects with a traumatic one-hand amputation performed simultaneous symmetric movements with the healthy and the phantom hand. A data glove on the healthy hand was used as a reference to train the system to perform natural movements. Instead of a physical prosthesis with limited degrees of freedom, a virtual (computer-animated) hand was used as the target tool. Both subjects successfully performed seven different motoric actions with the fingers and wrist. To reduce the training time for the system, a tree-structured, self-organizing, artificial neural network was designed. The training time never exceeded 30 seconds for any of the configurations used, which is three to four times faster than most currently used artificial neural network (ANN) architectures.

Amputees↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Three-block bi-focal PLS (3BIF-PLS) and its application in QSAR.

When X and Y are multivariate, the two-block partial least squares (PLS) method is often used. In this paper, we outline an extension addressing a special case of the three-block (X/Y/Z) problem, where Z sits "under" Y. We have called this approach three-block bi-focal PLS (3BIF-PLS). It views the X/Y relationship as the dominant problem, and seeks to use the additional information in Z in order to improve the interpretation of the Y-part of the X/Y association. Two data sets are used to illustrate 3BIF-PLS. Example I relates to single point mutants of haloalkane dehalogenase from Sphingomonas paucimobilis UT26 and their ability to transform halogenated hydrocarbons, some of which are found as organic pollutants in soil. Example II deals with soil remediation capability of bacteria. Whole bacterial communities are monitored over time using "DNA-fingerprinting" technology to see how pollution affects population composition. Since the data sets are large, hierarchical multivariate modelling is invoked to compress data prior to 3BIF-PLS analysis. It is concluded that the 3BIF-PLS approach works well. The paper contains a discussion of pros and cons of the method, and hints at further developmental opportunities.

DNA Fingerprinting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of direct mail as a method to recruit smoking mothers into a "quit and win" contest.

In the early 1980s the concept of a Quit and Win (Q&W) contest was developed in the Minnesota Heart Health Program (MHHP) as a population-based smoking cessation strategy. The Q&W model has since spread and been applied in many countries around the world. Different communication strategies have been applied for recruiting participants for Q&W. In the Q&W contest in 1995 in Stockholm County, Sweden, direct mail was used as the main recruitment strategy among daily smoking mothers with children aged 0-6 years. Two additional strategies were employed to recruit participants, that is, ads in a local newspaper and personal communication. The target group was estimated to be approximately 4,300 women. In total 5.5% of the target group was recruited, and of those, 4.3% were recruited by direct mail. After 12 months, 14.3% of the women were sustained smoke-free, and the corresponding percentage for those women who were recruited by direct mail was 15.5%. In comparison with several other Q&W contests employing other strategies, the direct-mail technique seems not only to have been successful in recruiting participants, but also in aiding remained sustained smoke-free women after 12 months. To optimize recruitment for Q&W contests, a combination of recruiting strategies should be applied.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between school environment and participation for students with disabilities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between participation in school activities of students with disabilities and their school environment. Children and youths with disabilities rated their own participation in school activities while teachers and special education counsellors rated the student's school environment. Statistical methods used in this study were the Pearson's correlation coefficient and one-way-ANOVA. The results revealed that neither the amount of support given nor the general school environment was statistically related to students' participation. Further, the individual's specific environment, especially when rated as availability to activities by the students themselves, was related to students' participation. This might indicate that when investigating important environmental factors related to participation, students' own perceptions of his/her niches is important to investigate. The support students were given related more to type and number of disabilities than to students' participation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Positron emission tomography with ([11C]methyl)-L-methionine, [11C]D-glucose, and [68Ga]EDTA in supratentorial tumors.

Sixteen patients with supratentorial tumors were examined with positron emission tomography (PET) using [( 11C]methyl)-L-methionine, [11C]D-glucose, and [68Ga]EDTA as well as CT. There were nine astrocytomas (grade II), three oligoastrocytomas (grade II), two anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III), and two meningiomas. Six patients with low-grade astrocytomas and all three patients with oligoastrocytomas had an accumulation of [11C]methionine varying from slightly to intensely increased as compared with normal brain tissue. There was a markedly increased uptake of methionine in the anaplastic astrocytomas. Three of the low-grade astrocytomas had a decreased uptake of [11C]methionine in at least part of the tumor as compared with normal brain tissue. Contrast enhancement on CT or uptake of [68Ga]EDTA was not a prerequisite for increased accumulation of methionine. Uptake of [11C]glucose was lower than or equal to that of normal brain tissue in the low-grade tumors and also in one of the two anaplastic astrocytomas and in the bulk of the other. In each individual case the methionine uptake tended to be higher--or less decreased--than the glucose uptake. In the low-grade tumors the uptake of methionine and that of glucose were often different, occasionally markedly different, as far as the tumoral-peritumoral areas involved. These differences were even more remarkable in the two anaplastic astrocytomas. An increased uptake of methionine was often seen in areas appearing normal on CT. It appears that PET with [11C]glucose has limitations with regard to delineation of the low-grade astrocytomas, whereas PET with [11C]methionine usually better reflects the extent of these tumors and, to a lesser degree, the extent of the high-grade neoplasms. The results of PET with [68Ga]EDTA were similar to those with postcontrast CT in most patients. The two meningiomas exhibited a high uptake of all tracers used for PET as well as a marked contrast enhancement on CT. The extent of the meningiomas judged by PET with the various tracers correlated well with the extent assessed by postcontrast CT.

Adult↗