Biomedical subjects

L E Moore

Publications and source records attributed to L E Moore.

94 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of hetastarch on serum colloid oncotic pressure in hypoalbuminemic dogs.

The purpose of this study was to determine the duration of action of a single dose of hetastarch, a synthetic colloid, in hypoalbuminemic dogs. Thirty hypoalbuminemic dogs (albumin concentration, < or = 2.0 g/dL) received 1 dose of hetastarch each, with an average dose of 18.1 mL/kg. Doses ranged from 7.7 to 43.9 mL/kg, with the majority of doses (n = 26) in the range of 10 to 25 mL/kg. Dogs were allotted to one of several groups: all dogs, dogs with acute gastrointestinal protein loss, dogs with chronic gastrointestinal protein loss, all dogs with gastrointestinal protein loss, and dogs with nongastrointestinal protein loss. Colloid oncotic pressure was measured immediately before and immediately after hetastarch administration, and 12 hours after hetastarch administration. There was a significant (P < .001) increase in the mean colloid oncotic pressure after hetastarch treatment in all groups, except in the group with acute gastrointestinal protein loss. Twelve hours after hetastarch treatment, the mean colloid oncotic pressure had decreased significantly (P < .001) from the immediate post-treatment value in all groups, except in dogs in the groups with acute and chronic gastrointestinal protein loss. Twelve hours after hetastarch treatment the mean colloid oncotic pressure was not significantly (P < .001) different from the baseline mean colloid oncotic pressure in any of the groups. Twenty-three dogs (77%) survived their illness and were sent home, whereas, 7 (23%) died or were euthanized. The effect of a single dose of hetastarch on raising colloid oncotic pressure in dogs with hypoalbuminemia decreases significantly within 12 hours of administration, and is no longer significantly above baseline values. We conclude that multiple dosing is necessary to prolong the beneficial effects of hetastarch.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Feline cytauxzoonosis: a case report and literature review.

A 5.5-year-old Siamese presented for evaluation of a three-day history of anorexia and lethargy. Upon physical examination, the cat was depressed, dehydrated, pyrexic, had injected conjunctiva and sclera, pale mucous membranes, and a grade II/VI systolic heart murmur. Thoracic radiographs revealed moderate to severe, diffuse, bronchointerstitial pulmonary changes with enlarged and tortuous pulmonary vessels. With continued hospitalization, the cat became dyspneic and died. The postmortem cytopathological examination of the liver, spleen, and lung impressions revealed reticuloendothelial cell infection with Cytauxzoon felis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatitis in a cat demonstrating pancreatic duct dilatation ultrasonographically.

A 17-year-old, castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with nonspecific clinical findings of three days' duration. Complete blood counts and serum biochemistry profiles revealed evidence of hepatic dysfunction. Ultrasonographic evaluation revealed abnormalities consistent with pancreatitis, with suspected pancreatic duct dilatation in the left limb of the pancreas. Surgery and eventual necropsy confirmed a diagnosis of pancreatitis, along with pancreatic duct dilatation. Dilatation of the pancreatic duct may be another ultrasonographic change to look for when suspecting feline pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Increased micronuclei in exfoliated bladder cells of individuals who chronically ingest arsenic-contaminated water in Nevada.

It is well established that inorganic arsenic is causally associated with lung cancer via inhalation and skin cancer via ingestion. Epidemiological evidence based on studies in Taiwan suggests that ingestion of inorganic arsenic may also cause other more fatal internal cancers, with the highest relative risks reported for bladder cancer. Here, we have used a biological marker of response, the micronucleus assay in exfoliated bladder cells, to evaluate the possible genotoxic effects of chronic arsenic ingestion on the bladder. The overall objective of this study was to compare the frequency of micronucleated cells in exfoliated bladder and buccal cells between a group of 18 individuals in Nevada who chronically ingested high levels of inorganic arsenic from their well water (average level, 1,312 micrograms/liter) and an individually matched control group with low exposure to arsenic (average level, 16 micrograms/liter). A 1.8-fold increase (90% confidence interval, 1.06-2.99) was observed in the weighted mean frequency of micronucleated bladder cells in the exposed group (2.79 per 1000 cells) compared with the unexposed group (1.57 per 1000 cells). In addition, the frequency of micronucleated bladder cells was positively associated with the urinary concentration of inorganic arsenic plus its methylated metabolites (Spearman correlation = 0.33; P = 0.03). In contrast, there was no increase in micronucleated buccal cells associated with arsenic ingestion (frequency ratio = 1.0; 90% confidence interval, 0.65-1.53). The results of this study provide evidence that chronic ingestion of high levels of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased frequency of micronucleated bladder cells. These findings are consistent with a genotoxic effect of arsenic on bladder cells, but a larger study is needed to confirm them.

Adolescent↗