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Biomedical subjects

L E Moody

Publications and source records attributed to L E Moody.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The Soviet health care system: Glasnost, Perestroika, and health problems of the 1990s.

Worsening economic conditions and political turmoil in the Soviet Union have led to significant health care problems in the 90s. The Soviet people are calling for reforms of education and the health care system that extend beyond the unsuccessful program of glasnost and perestroika. The purposes of this article are to (a) describe the health care system in the Soviet Union, (b) highlight health issues and concerns of the Soviet people, (c) describe the education of physicians and nurses, and (d) compare and contrast common and unique factors about Soviet health care with health care in the West. The data base for the article was collected from observational site visits, on-site focused interviews with key informants in Kiev and Moscow, and extensive computerized and manual literature searches. Data were also gathered from questionnaires distributed to a convenience sample of 17 nurses in Moscow. Study results include demographic information and the state of nursing education and research, including availability and access to resources to conduct nursing research in Moscow.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1991

Analysis of a decade of critical care nursing practice research: 1979 to 1988.

The purpose of this study was to analyze critical care nursing practice research published in leading refereed nursing research journals during the period from 1979 to 1988 to identify knowledge-building methods and research outcomes in critical care nursing. Findings indicate a significant increase in the number of nursing practice research studies published as well as a high percentage of intervention-oriented studies. The results of the study reflect the interest that critical care nurses have in identifying a research-based practice.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMed1988

Nursing administration research in hospitals and schools of nursing.

"Nursing service administration is in the most desperate need of research..." So said Herman Finer, well-known professor at the University of Chicago and in 1952, director of the Kellogg Nursing Service Administration Research Project. Today, 35 years later, the same need holds true. Administrators in hospitals and schools of nursing were canvassed to discover the nature of nursing administration research already in progress. Information about what is being studied, and amounts and sources of funding can be useful to nurse executives who are planning to implement research projects that build on existing knowledge. Findings from the study can also contribute to development of an overdue national research agenda for nursing administration.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Human factors design of a video monitor emulator and display (VMED) for visually impaired computer users.

This paper describes research conducted by the Atlanta VA Medical Center in the area of visual impairment and computer usage--in particular, work on the design of a device that reformats computer video output for use by persons with limited usable vision. The objective of the current project is to design, build, and test a video/video control interface that can be connected to and will reformat the video data of any general-purpose computer/word processor. The objectives of this work are to complete a human factors analysis of types of tasks performed on computers/word processors, and to design and build a universal interface that implements the results of the aforementioned study.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1977

Effect of ultrasonic nebulization on arterial oxygen saturation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Twenty patients with mild to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received ultrasonic nebulization to assess the danger of short-term changes in blood gas levels during this therapy. The status of arterial oxygenation was monitored during 20 minutes of therapy and for 20 minutes following therapy. In nine patients with periodic studies of arterial blood, the mean change in arterial oxygen pressure from base line was a decrease of 0.8 mm Hg at ten minutes into therapy, 2.8 mm Hg at the conclusion of therapy, and 2.9 mm Hg 20 minutes after therapy. In all 20 patients, ear oximetric studies showed only a small mean change at ten minutes into therapy, at the end of therapy, and at 20 minutes after therapy. Changes in the status of arterial oxygenation during and after therapy with ultrasonic nebulization in a group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are generally small and of no statistical and limited clinical significance; however, alarming falls in arterial oxygenation can occur and cannot be predicted by base-line testing of pulmonary function or studies of arterial blood. It would be prudent to monitor patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during therapy with ultrasonic nebulization or to withhold therapy altogether.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The crisis of the health care nonsystem.

Far from being the best in the world, the United States' cure-oriented patchwork of fee-for-service service medical care has left 37 million American citizens without access to health care. The new public debate on health care reform gives nurses an opportunity to transform this ineffective market-oriented medical model into a universal, true health care system.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of pulmonary hygiene measures on levels of arterial oxygen saturation in adults with chronic lung disease.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can safely perform pulmonary hygiene measures without compromising their arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels (less than 80 per cent). In 15 male veterans with moderate-to-severe COPD an ear oximeter was used to measure SaO2 levels while subjects completed a series of percussion, deep breathing, and coughing maneuvers in the head-down position (50 degree angle). No clinically significant changes in SaO2 levels were found in 14 subjects during pulmonary hygiene measures, but potentially dangerous symptoms were noted in two subjects. Our study supports the monitoring of objective and subjective symptoms during pulmonary hygiene and discontinuance of the procedure if tachycardia, palpitations, dyspnea, chest pain, or other distressful symptoms occur that might indicate hypoxemia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of a decade of nursing practice research: 1977-1986.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research focus, theoretical bases, research designs, statistical methods, and research findings of nursing practice research, 1977-1986. A secondary purpose was to assess the fit of nursing practice research topics within the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association's (NANDA) taxonomy. The sample consisted of 720 articles that met the definitional criteria of nursing practice research from six major refereed journals in nursing that primarily publish nursing research. Findings showed that 95% of research in nursing in the last decade was conducted by nurses as first authors, over half with doctoral degrees. Funded research increased as well as the trend toward multidisciplinary research and multisite studies. One-third of the studies focused on nursing intervention, and two-thirds were assessment-oriented. Although use of nursing conceptual models increased over the decade, theories or models from psychology, physiology, and sociology were used most often. There was an increase in use of sophisticated research methods and better reporting of reliability and validity. The use of NANDA as a taxonomy for classifying nursing practice research was assessed.

Authorship↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Delineation of nursing administration research priorities.

The purposes of this national study were to determine: (a) a definition of nursing administration research and (b) priority nursing administration research questions. Brainstorming was used initially with Council on Graduate Education for Administration in Nursing (CGEAN) members in 1984, to delineate concepts for definitions. Definitions and research questions were generated and rated in a three-round Delphi survey by 129 experts from nursing and health administration. According to the most widely supported definition, nursing administration research is concerned with establishing costs of nursing care, examining the relationships between nursing services and quality patient care, and viewing problems of nursing service delivery within the broader context of policy analysis and delivery of health services. The research question of most importance was: What are the cost-effective components of clinical nursing care that yield high patient satisfaction, decrease the number of complications, and shorten hospital stay for identified groups of patients? In a scenario exercise at the 1985 CGEAN meeting, additional priorities identified were vulnerable populations and equity.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing administration in small rural hospitals.

Most of the world's population is rural and 45% of all United States hospitals are small or located outside of urban centers. The interdependence of rapidly changing rural communities and hospitals is described in this study of nursing directors' jobs. Findings provide needed information about the challenges and demands of nursing administration in small organizations useful for development of curriculums sensitive to values, politics, and economies; and for all nurse executives eager to understand the complexity of decisions and actions, whether in small organizations or in large multi-institutional systems comprising hospitals of varying sizes.

Administrative Personnel↗