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Biomedical subjects

L E Karp

Publications and source records attributed to L E Karp.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Trisomy-18 and antepartal fetal distress.

Two cases are presented wherein cesarean section was performed because of evidence of intrauterine growth retardation and antepartal fetal distress. Both infants had the trisomy-18 syndrome. Attention is drawn to the fact that the combination of growth retardation and fetal distress sometimes heralds the presence of severe anomalies in the fetus, and it is suggested that cesarean section should not be performed before one attempts to rule out such life-threatening abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Fetal puncture during midtrimester amniocentesis.

Four cases of fetal puncture during midtrimester amniocentesis are reported; in one instance the baby apparently sustained temporary neurologic damage. None of the lesions was detected at the initial neonatal examination. From our data and a review of the literature, we estimate that fetal puncture occurs in 1-3% of midtrimester amniotic taps. The implications of the accident are not clear. We conclude that midtrimester amniocentesis should not be considered a routine benigh procedure; and whenever the use of this diagnostic modality is being considered, the prospective parents should be informed of its hazards.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Meconium staining of amniotic fluid at midtrimester amniocentesis.

Meconium-stained fluid was found in six of the first 234 amniocenteses performed at the University of Washington Prenatal Diagnosis Center. The taps were done between 16 and 20 weeks from the last menstrual period. Although in each case there was a factor that could have produced fetal distress, in no instance did intrauterine demise occur. All the pregnancies have terminated in the births of healthy children. Therefore, we believe that meconium staining of midtrimester amniotic fluid may in fact reflect a transient episode of fetal compromise but that the finding cannot be used to prognosticate either impending fetal death or the presence of congenital malformations in the newborn.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Ultrasonic placental localization and bloody taps in midtrimester amniocentesis for prenatal genetic diagnosis.

In a prospective study, a small team of obstetricians concurrently performed midtrimester amniocentesis for prenatal genetic diagnosis on 32 patients after ultrasonic placental localization and on 50 patients without prior ultrasound. The use of ultrasound did not affect the red cell count in the fluid samples. Furthermore, the 2 patient groups had similar rates of grossly bloody taps. The average number of viable clones after culture was lower both after bloody taps and when ultrasound had been used, but in neither case was the difference significant. There were no postamniocentesis complications in the entire patient population. These results suggest that ultrasonic placental localization is not helpful in avoiding bloody taps, and that bloody taps may not necessarily be dangerous. Therefore, since the long-range hazards of in utero exposure to ultrasound may not yet be known, it would seem judicious to use preamniocentesis ultrasound selectively and on specific indication, rather than routinely.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1976

Preimplantational ectogenesis. Science and speculation concerning in vitro fertilization and related procedures.

In recent years, technical advances have made preimplantational ectogenesis (in vitro maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development) more than a theoretical concept. Such procedures hold great promise in medical research. However, despite our newly-acquired skills in tissue culture and microsurgical manipulation, and contrary to many sensational articles in the lay press, it is not likely that preimplantational ectogenesis will soon attain wide clinical use in humans. Adverse societal attitudes, based largely upon moral and ethical dilemmas, will probably combine with still-unresolved technical difficulties to restrict the clinical applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Experimental production of aneuploidy in mouse oocytes.

The normal course of meiosis can be interrupted in cultured mouse oocytes by exposre to low temperature (23 degrees C). Re-transfer of the oocytes to a 37 degrees C environment will permit the meiotic process to resume and progress as usual to second metaphase. However, a significant number of oocytes treated in this manner prove to contain abnormal numbers of chromosomes.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1975

Cultivated cells from diagnostic amniocentesis in second trimester pregnancies. II. Cytogenetic parameters as functions of clonal type and preparative technique.

From a total of 418 primary amniotic fluid colonies, 5.5% were fibroblast-like (F), 33.7% epithelioid (E) and 60.8% had characteristics of what was previously shown to be the principal class of clonable amniotic fluid cells (AF). Polyploidy occurred in all three categories, although both pure tetraploidy and mixoploidy were more frequent in E colonies. The incidence of non-constitutional chromosomal changes was identical in AF and E type colonies if primary spreads were analyzed in situ without prior trypsinization. Spreads from pooled cell suspensions showed higher base-line levels of both aneuploidy and structural changes. Analysis of individual colonies employing an in situ preparative technique is clearly the method of choice for a reliable cytogenetic prenatal diagnosis within the shortest possible period of time.

Amniocentesis↗